Electric power indaih lo Mizoramin power a hralh thin

¢ Vanlalremruata Tonson

Mizoram hian electric power a indaih lo tih chu mi zawng zawng hriat a ni. Mahse, power a hralh ve thei tho tih erawh chu tlang hriat a ni lem lo.

Mizoram mipuite hi electric power-ah an tuihal hluah hluah ti ila a sual kher lo ang. Inthlan dawn apianga political party-te auhla, sorkarin eng emaw hmalakna a neih hleka phur leh chhuang em ema a sawi thin a ni. Power project atan corporation nena inremna thuthlung siamah pawh Mizoram tana tha ber tur aiin project neih theih dan tur chu thutlukna siamnaah thu kheuhthlukna chhan ber pawh a ni reng bawk.

Power project neih theihna tur a nih chuan biodiversity leh heritage a pawimawh lo a, Builum khua pawh a neka nek chhuah rawk rawk an nih kha. Left party-in US leh India sorkar nuclear chungchanga an indawrna an duh loh avanga sorkar buk a ngaih tum pawh khan Mizo zinga nuclear tih hre pha chin chuan Congress chu an thlawp vek emaw tih tur a ni hial.

Hmasawnna turin electric power chu pawimawh berah ngaih a ni a, industry-a tui inti zawng zawngin an chhuanlam ber chu power awm tha lo hi a ni a, current awm lo fo chu a mipui mimir phun nawina a lo ni bawk a. Sorkar tan chuan ngaih pawimawh loh chi ziazang chu a ni lo ve bawk.

Chutiang khawpa thil pawimawh a nih avang chuan India sorkar pawhin a buaipui a, power siamchhuah mai remchan chiah lohna hmuna awmte pawhin power chu an mamawh ang an hmuh theihna turin ruahmanna a siam ta a. Power siamchhuah theihna hmun hrang hrangah a tam thei ang ber siam chhuah a nih theihna turin hmala tur corporation - National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), National Hyro-Power Corporation (NHPC) etc. a din ta hlawm a, India hmarchhaka hmala tur bik pawh North Eastern Electric Power Corporation (NEEPCO) din a ni bawk. Corporation hian a tam thei ang ber power an siamchhuak ang a, chu'ngte chu hmun khatah chhunkhawm a ni ang a, state sorkar-te pawhin anmahni hmalaknaah power an lo siamchhuak bawk ang a, an mamawh bak chu chhunglut ve ang. Chu'ng power chhunkhawmte chu a mamawhte hnenah pekchhuah leh tur a ni. Hemi atan hian Power Grid Corporation of India (PGCI) din a ni a, anni hian India ram state zawng zawng electric hruipuiin an thlun zawm vek a, chumi hrui hmang chuan state sorkar hian power hi an mamawh angin an pawt lut thin a ni.

Mahnia power siamchhuak thei lo Mizoram pawhin chu power chhunkhawm chu a lei a, PGCI hrui zam hmangin a pawt lut a, a hrui hman man pawh a chawi teuh. Mahse, he a power lei tho chu pawt lut kher lo hian a hralh chhuak thin bawk.

Hralh tur thovin Mizoram chuan power a lei tihna a kawk a, a awmziaah chuan India sorkar agency hrang hrangin power an siamchhuahte leh agency dangin chhunkhawm tur an neihte kha chhunkhawm a nih hnuah Central Electricity Regulatory Commission chuan a lo sem (allocate) a, chu allocation chu state hrang hrang a man an pek a ngai a ni. Entirnan 2004-05 te kha chuan Mizoram chu 87MW pek a ni thin. Mahse, 2008-09 chhunga a mamawh tam ber laia March 7, 2009-a a lakluh chu 64MW niin PGCI, North Eastern Regional Despatch Centre (NERLDC), Shillong annual report chuan a tarlang. A mamawh bak chu Mizoram chuan a hralh ta thin a ni. Mahse, Mizoram tan power allocate chu 87MW a nih vangin Mizoram hian chutiang zat power a nei reng tihna a ni lo. Chu bakah power awm zat a tlem hian state tinte power chan tur (allocate) pawh a tlahniam ve zel a ni.

Electric power project-in power an pek chhuah theih zat sawi hian a nih dan tur ang takin project hian power pe chhuak thei ni se a pek chhuah zat tur sawina a ni thin a, mahse, a pekchhuak tak lem thin lo. Chubakah India hmarchhaka power project-te chu hydel an ni hlawm a, fur ruahtuia ring an ni ber. Fur lai hian an power siam chhuah pawh a tam a, thalah chuan a tlahniam duai thin. Chuvangin a tak taka power awm chu a tlem zawk fe thin a, Mizoram pawhin power allocate a nih aia tlem fe chang a, hralh tur pawh a nei tlem zawk fe a nih chu. |hal lai phei chuan hralh tur chu sawi loh mamawh zat pawh hmuh theih a ni thin lo. Chuvangin thal lai hian inen chhawk a ngai fo a, 'load shedding' avangin a thim fo thin a ni.

India hmarchhakah hian he power sumdawnna hi PGCI, NERLDC, Shillong-in an buaipui a, Mizoram pawhin hemi kaltlang hian power a zuk lain a hralh thin. Hei hi India hmarchhak tana regional exchange pui ber chu a ni a, fur lai chauhin a hralh thei a, thla ruk chhung chu power hralhchhuah tur hi a nei ve a ni. Mahse, thalah chuan a lakluh a ngai ve tho a, chutiangah pawh chuan he NERLDC kaltlang tho hian a lalut leh bawk. July 2008 kha India hmarchhakin power 2008-09 chhunga power a hralhchhuah tam ber niin 291 MU (million unit) a hralhchhuak a ni. March 2009 hi a lakluh tam ber ni thungin 147.6 MU a lalut. A hralhchhuah zawng zawng atanga a lakluh paih a nih hnu-ah India hmarchhak hian 2008-2009 chhung khan power 714 MU (million unit) a hralhchhuak.

Power sem zai dan a fel zawk theihna turin June 2008 khan Power Exchange of India (Indian Energy Exchange - IEX) din a ni a, Assam, Mizoram leh Tripura te chu India hmarchhak state zingah he IEX-a sumdawng nasa ber an ni. Mizoram chuan IEX-ah hian 2008-2009 khan 24 MU a hralh chhuak a, power indaih loh laiin 3MU a lei bawk.

State sorkar emaw an agency-te'n power an lei leh hralh hian a indaih dan a zirin a man a danglam fo a, frequency a san chuan power a indaih a, a man a tlem thin a, a indaih loh chuan frequency a hniam a, a man pawh a to. Power man hi a danglam fo avangin Mizoram hian power hi hralh tho mah se a lei duh hun lai hi power indaih loh vang lai a nih avangin a hlawk phah leh hlawk phah loh hi sawi a harsa hle niin official-te chuan an sawi thin.

Power hralh chhuah dan hi chi hnih - Unschedule Interchange (IU) leh Availability Based Tariff (ABT) te a awm a; hetiangah hi chuan lei tur awm zat leh rate pawh sawi lawk theih a ni. ABT-ah chuan Central Electricity Regulatory Commission-in Indian Electricity Act 2003 ang power hmanga sumdawn phalna a pek anga sumdawngte hnena hralh a ni. Power hralh chhuah tur nei thinte hian tender an notice a, chumi chhangtute hnenah power chu hralh a ni ta thin a ni. Hetianga power hralh chhuah dan hi chi hnih a awm leh a, pakhat chu short term open access an ti a, a dang chu long term open access an ti. Short term open access-ah chuan ni khat atan chauhte power hralh chhuah a ni a, long term open access-ah erawh chuan a hun a rei thung a ni. Mizoram hian June-September/October thla vel hian a hralh deuh ber thin a ni. 2004-2005 kha chuan hetiang hunah hian a power chanpual 87MW-ah hian 76MW te hmu thei thin a, hetih lai hian 2008-2009 chhunga July-a power a lakluh chawhrual chu 52MW a ni a, October-ah pawh chutiang tho chu niin a san ber lai a ni.

Tihian, power siamchhuah sawi tham nei lo Mizoram chuan electric power a hralh chhuak ve tlat a, sum a awma a lei ngam chuan power-ah hian harsatna awm lo turah ngaih theih a nihna lai a awm. Krismas lai leh thal laite hian Mizoram chuan a chanpual (allocate) aia tam power a hmang thin a, a bikin Krismas laite hi chu Tripura ang chite hian power hralh tur an neih theih lai a ni.

Mahse, harsatna awm thei a la awm fo a, chu chu khawl lam fel loh vang hi a ni. Hei hi power department hotute chuan indaih loh changa an chuanlam a ni deuh ber. Thal lai hian khawl lam thilte a chhe duh bik nghe maw ni? Power mamawh zat pawh luh dawn hian hmun hrang hrang atangin lak chhawn a lo ngai a, chu chuan power station hrang hrang a rawn kal tlang a ngai a, station thenkhat chuan an zo lo thei tlat a ni. Chuvangin power station hrang hrang leh transmission hrang hrang power-in a rawn kal tlang tur ngaihtuah tel chunga power hi pawh luh a ngai a ni. A chang chuan hetiang tih sual avang hian hmarchhak pumte thim vek chang pawh a awm thin reng a ni. Power-in a rawn kaltlang tur station-in a zawh loh power pawh luh tum a nih hian khawl chu amah leh amah (automatic)-in a in-off a. Station dang chuan an lo zo bik lova, automatic-in an lo in' off' zui tliar tliar a, hmar chhak pum han thim mup changte pawh a lo awm tawh a ni.

Tin, power pawt luh hian a rawn kalnaah bothlau a awm fo a, chu chu transmission loss tiin an sawi thin. NERLDC hnuaiah hian transmission loss hi 3.14 %-5.23% a ni. Eng tham luaah ngaih a ni lo nain power chungchanga India ramin a buaipui em em chu aggregate technical and commercial loss (AT&C loss) an ti a, a chang chuan transmission & distribution loss (T&D loss) tite pawhin an sawi bawk. Power pawh luhnaa bothlau (transmission loss) 3.14-5.23% hi eng tham vak a ni lo a, mahse AT&C-ah hian Mizoram chu a sang em em. A san tak tak lai khan 45% (2006-2007) te nia sawi a ni. Chumi awmzia chu power awm zawng zawng zahve dawn lai a bothlau thin tihna a nih chu. Mizoram chauh pawh a ni lo state dangte pawh an ni ve tho. Chuvangin central lam chuan state sorkar-te hi an hemi tihniam tur hian an nawr fo a ni. Andhra Pradesh phei chu hemi kawngah hian hma la tha viau nia sawi a ni nghe nghe. Mahse, hemi chungchangah hian Mizoram chuan hmalakna a nei lem lo ni awm tak a ni. State thenkhatah chuan FIR thehlut a, power lo pawt rute thubuai siam sak an nih laiin Mizoramah chuan hetiang thawm sawi a awm ve ngai lo.

Heater hman thei lo turin an duh chuan an hmang a, transformer tam tak chu khawl uluk ngai deuh (sophisticate) deuh tan a him lo tih sawi a ni fo bawk. Power pawh ruk dan thiam deuh chuan copper coil tha chi, sin tak, varnish-a tuam (coated) leh thup awlsam tak hmangin power hi an pawt ru thin nia sawi te pawh a awm.

Hetiang avang hian Mizoram-in power project a phurpui em em hi a tul tak zet em tih chu zawhna awm fo a ni. Tuna power project awmte hi Mizoram sorkar ta ni lovin corporation ta tur vek a ni a, anni hian power sumdawnna kaltlangin an power siam chhuahte chu an hralh dawn a ni. Mizoram chuan 12% vel chauh power project-in power a siam chhuah atang hian a chang dawn a, thal lai leh hmarchhaka power harsat lai hi chuan a chan tur chu a tlem thei hle dawn a ni. Mizoram sorkar ta ngawih ngawih Serlui B-in thal laia power a siam chhuah theih tur chu a tam berah 3.5MW vel a nih hmel a, power bothlau dan ngaihtuah chuan power indaih lohna avanga harsatna thleng thin sutkian nan hian a tangkai pha dawn lo hle niin a lang. Ram hloh tur leh environment a nghawng tur chhut phei chuan hydel project hi a hlu tawk em tih chu zawhna tling a ni fo. Corporation tan chuan 12% chauh Mizoram sorkar hnena pea a bak hralh theih dawn chuan thil chak awm chu a ni ngei ang.

Mizoram hian hmasawn nan power a mamawh tak zet em tih pawh zawhna awm thei a ni bawk. A thla mala chhut chuan December leh January thla te hi power hman nasat lai a ni a, industrial activity a tlakhniam lai a ni thung. Mahse, khawlai leh in chei nana power hman nasat vang lai a ni. Festival atana power a man toa lei a nih laiin hun dangah chuan power hi a man tlawmin duh zat zat hman tur a awm thung. Hun dangah thla khat chhunga power mamawh hi 21-22MU vel a ni a, hetiang power hmu turin harsatna a awm lem lo a, festival leh thlasik avanga power mamawh a san hian power indaih loh hi a awm thin niin a lang ber. December 2008 khan Mizoramin NERLDC atanga power a lak chu 26MU a ni a, January 2009 khan 25MU a ni. November 2008 khan 23MU a ni bawk.

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