¢ Lalthlamuana Ralte
Ram hmasawnna a taka a lo thlen hun tur nghakhlel takin kan thlir mek a, mi nawlpui dinhmun chawikan a nih a, kuthnathawktu mi retheihte lei rem rapa an dinchhuah theihna tur kan buaipui mek lai hian ram hmasawnna bulthut leh a innghahchhan pawimawh tak Land Reform hi kan ngaihthah palh ang tih a hlauhawm hle a ni.
Eizawnna tinreng innghahna bulpui ber chu ram/lei (land) hi a ni. A pawimawhzia sawi dawn chuan sawi tur a tam viau ang. Mihring lo pung zel leh kawng hrang hranga hmasawnna lo sang zel vang hian ram hlutna hi a pung tial tial a, ro hlu ber pawl a tling ta reng mai.
Mizoramah hian Land Laws tha tak kan neih loh vangin ram neih dan phung a mumal lo hle. Kan dan hman lai te hi a hlui tawh hlawm a, a hun lai mil tawka siam a nih avangin ennawn leh siamthat ngai a tam hle tawh a ni. Dan kan neih that loh chu thu hran ni se, kan neih chhun pawh kan hmang tangkai tawk lo khawp mai. Hei vang hian mi retheite'n ram an chan zel a, hausa leh thiltitheite an invalh zau tial tial a, ram tha lai zawng zawng an chang deuh vek tawh a ni. Hetia kan kal zel chuan he ram hi mi hausate ram a la ni mai ang tih pawh hlauhawm tak a ni ta.
Ram hmasawnna hmingpu thil chi hrang hrangin min chim tan mek a, rel kawng sial te, look east policy te, tuikhuah te, tuialhthei laihchhuah te an sawi tan ta. Heng bakah hian thil chi hrang hrang lo la thleng zel tur te hi kan ram tha lai hi min chhuhsak vek thei a ni. Ngun taka kan ngaihtuah a ngai a, kan ram a him loh chuan kan hnam hi kan chavai thei a ni.
NLUP kan buaipui mek pawh hian ram leilung sem zai a kawk a. Hmana NLUP hmasa avang khan ram tha lai tam tak a chereu tawh a, mimal kutah zau tak a lut tawh a ni. A nihna takah chuan NLUP leh hmasawnna beihpui thlak reng reng hi Land reform hian hmakhalh se a felfai zawk ngei ang. Tunah hian ram theh tur pawh hi a awm meuh tawh lo maithei a ni.
Land Reform hi ram hmasawnna tobul pakhat a nih thu hi history-ah hmuh tur a awm teuh. Dik tak chuan ram neih dan phung siamthat hi ram tam tak chuan thupui berah an lo nei tawh thin a, a hlawkna pawh an tel nasa hle reng a ni. A tlangpuia sawi dawn chuan Industrial Revolution zawh hnu atang khan khawvel hmun hrang hrangah Land Reform hi an kalpui a, Mexican Revolution (1917) te, Communist China (1952) te pawh khan thupui ber pakhatah an neih a ni. Kum zabi 20-na chawhnu lama Latin America-a Kohhran hruaitute'n Pathian thu tan chhana ram siamthat hna an thawhnaah pawh khan Land Reform hi ngaih pawimawh ber pakhatah an neih a ni. Africa khawmualpuia ram hrang hrangte'n zalenna an sual lai pawh khan an auhla ber pakhat chu Land Reform hi a ni.
Land Reform hlawhtlinpui ram tam tak zingah India hi a langsar pawl tak a ni. Tunhma atangin mi hausate'n ram zau tak tak an nei a, loneitute'n ram an nei lo. Chuvangin Independent hnu lawk atang khan state thenkhat chuan ram neih dan phung siamthat (Land Reform) hi chak takin an kalpui a ni.
An state legislative assembly-ah dan an siam a, chumi hmang chuan mi hausate ram an chhuhsak a, loneitute hnenah an pe ta thung a. Lo neituten anmahni ram ngei an enkawl thei ta a ni.
Land Reform tih awmzia hi, a mawlmang thei ang bera sawi chuan, dan hmanga ram neih dan phung siamthat tihna a ni. Sorkarin dan tlawhchhan tur a siam phawt a, chumi hmang chuan ram awl zau tak tak an sem a, mi hausate ram an enkawl sen loh an chhuhsak a, loneitu ram nei lote an pe thin a ni.
India danpui hian Land Reform hi chu state sorkar hmalakna tura a dah avangin mahni thu thuin state te'n an hma an la thin. Hmarchhak state-ah chuan Assam leh Tripura hian nasa takin hma an lo la tawh a ni.
Mizoramah pawh hian Land Reform hmasa ber nia chhal ngam chu lal ban kha a ni awm e. Kum 1954 khan The Assam-Lushai Hills District (Acquisition of Chief's Rights Act), 1954 siam a ni. He dan hmang hian lal thuneihna tihtawp a ni a, an lal ram chhunga an thuneihna pawh chhusak an ni ta.
District Council hunlaia ram neih/hralhna dan kan neih ho kha tun thlengin kan la hmang a. A hunlaia tha tak ni mah se tihdanglam/siamthat ngai a tam tawh hle. Chu'ng dante chu - The Lushai Hills District (House Sites) Act, 1953 te, The Mizo District (Land & Revenue) Act, 1956 te, The Mizo District (Agricultural Land) Act, 1963 te leh The Mizo District (Transfer of Land) Act te a ni.
VC te'n an khaw chhungah inhmun an pe thei a. Pass erawh Land Revenue & Settlement department-in an pe thung. VC te hi politician an nih avangin ven an ngai viau thin. An thuneihna hmang hian ram an lo invalh duh viau a, an lamhnai leh chhungkhat emaw MLA/Minister te ram pek mai mai pawh an ching khawp mai.
Ram dang ang bawkin lo/huan hmun tha lai apiang mi hausate kutah a lut zel a. Kawngpui dunga teak, serthlum leh thei dang huan tha ber berte hi mi hausate ram a ni vek tawh a. An thuhnuaiah mi rethei an kun tna mek a ni.
Leilet leh sangha dil tha tak takte pawh mi hausaten an nei zel a, a enkawltu atan kut hnathawkte an ruai nasa hle a ni. Chhiah pek tur a tam tham avang te, pawisa mamawh vang tein mi retheite ui ngawih ngawih chungin an ram tha tak tak man tlawm te tein an hralh mek a. Hetiang zela kan kal chuan Mizoram hi mi hausate ram a la ni thuai mai dawn a ni.
Khawpui chhungah pawh mi hausaten hmun an ngah em em. District Council thuneitute khan Land Ceiling ang ve deuh hi an siam a. Town area-ah mimal pakhatin Bigha khat (1337.87 Sq.m) aia zau neih theih loh a ni. Chutiang bawkin agricultural land ah 30 bighas (4 Hectares) aia zau Patta siam theih loh bawk a ni. Mahse, Land Ceiling Act a awm loh avangin duh duhin duh anga zau leh duh zat zat ram an nei mai a ni.
Dan-ah chuan Village Council ten anmahni huam chhungah thuneihna sang tak an nei a; in hmun, lo, ram an an pe thei a, lo neihna tur ram an theh thei bawk. Mahse, pass (LSC) erawh an pe thei lo, Land Revenue & Settlement department lam chan a ni. Tuna kan kal danah hi chuan ram awl zau deuh hmu fuh chuan an hauh tawp a, VC hriatpuina in an humhalh a. A neitu anga inngai a ram chu an sawngbawl tawh hnuah Revenue department ah pass an dil ta thin a ni.
Ram hi a thang thei lo a, a pung thei lo a, a zauh belh thei hek loh. Chutih laiin mihring kan pung zel a, ram mamawhna a tam tial tial a, a hlu tial tial bawk. Mi thenkhat chuan bank-a sum dah aiin ram neih hi a hlawk zawk tih hriain an lei belh zel a, rei lo teah a man letin an hralh leh thin. Chhiah chawi tur a tam vang leh enkawl/sawngbawl a hautak avangin mi rethei tan ram neih awmzia a awm vak lo a, man man taka dehral mai a thlannahawm zawk a ni.
Ram neih dan phung (Land system) felfai lo hian hnam harsatna a thlen thin. Tunhma atangin indona pawh a lo chhuah phah tawh a, chhungkua intuithlar phah pawh sawi tur tam tak an awm. Retheite retheih belhchhahna hmanraw lian tak a ni bawk. Revolution lian lo chhuak thinte pawh kha ram neih dan phung siamthat loh vang a ni a, a nghawng lian tak pawh Land Reform a ni thin.
Tunhma deuh atang khan mi hausate'n ram an nei tam lutuk leh mi rethei ram mamawh ngawih ngawih an pung zel hi vei tak tak an awm thin a. YMA pawh hian Land Ceiling chungchangah hma a lo la tawh a ni. Mizoram Synod pawhin Land Reform chungchang hi a vei viau a, kum 2004 Synod Khawmpuiah hemi atana hmalak hi an rel a. Chumi hnuah kum 2006 khan Synod Social Front hmalaknain seminar pawh an lo buatsaih tawh.
Kan rama ram neih dan phung fel lo tak hi siamthat thuai loh chuan harsatna namen lovin min tlakbuak thei tih a chiang. Ama'rawhchu, hmala tak tak tur chuan sorkar huaisen tak, mi hausa leh thiltitheite pawh nek ngam kan neih a ngai. Ram neih dan phung kan neih mekin a zir miau loh avangin sorkarin hmalakna lian tham a neih dawn apiangin compensation tam tak pek a ngai zel a, mi hausa leh thiltitheite'n an hlawkpui leh lawih zel a nih hi. Kan mamawh em em Land Ceiling Act (ram neih zat tur bitukna dan) te phei hi chu nei ngat ila chuan mi retheite tan thawven huaina tur a ni ngei ang le.
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