Media leh Politics

¢ Lallianchhunga, Mizoram University

Chanchinbu/ newspaper, radio, television ho zawng zawng sawina 'mass media' tih tawngkam hi kan tawng ang maiin kan hmang lar tawh a. Amaherawhchu, hengte hian kan ni tin nun a nghawng dan leh eng anga nasain nge rual u zawkte a lo buatsaih tih lam chu kan buaipui vak lo mai thei. Mipui rorelna (democracy) ram angah te phei chuan media hian hmun pawimawh lutuk a luah avangin sap pachal Edmund Burke-a phei chuan dan siamna in (legislature), thubuai-hlabuai remna hmun (judiciary) leh dan kengkawhtu (executive) te nen angkhat rengin a pawimawh a ni a lo ti hial reng a ni. Media hi democracy ram tan chauh pawh ni lo, eng rorelna ram pawh hian hman tangkai an duh vek a, hman tangkai theih a nih dawn loh ai chuan media te zalenna rahbeh sak hial a ni thin a ni. Chutiang khawpa pawimawh anih avang chuan media-in kan Zoram politics-a kua a hreuh thuk dan leh kan politician te'n anmahni tana an lo hman tangkai thin dan tawi tein sawi kan tum dawn a ni.

Khawvel ramdang chanchin kan chhiar chuan Mizote aia media lama harh rang leh hmasawn an lo awm bik hauh lo tih kan hria ang. Ram nitla seng lova roreltu ram kan tih England khuan kum zabi 18-na atang chauh khan nitin chanchinbu (newspaper), The Daily Courant (1702-’35) hi a nei ve tan a, chu chu A,B,C hawrawp an neih atanga kum za tel fe hnuah a ni. France khuan kum 1771 khan newspaper, Journal de Paris an nei tan a. US-ah pawh kum 1690 September khan Boston atangin newspaper hmasa ber Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick chu tihchhuah a ni a, mahse vawi khat bak an tichhuak hman lo. Kum 1439-a printing press hmuhchhuah a nih hnu khan German ram leh a thenawm ram thenkhat atangin newspaper leh magazine ni chiah si lo, hunbi neia tihchhuah thin tho Journal thenkhat chu tihchhuah thin ni mah se media huangchhunga sengluh erawh an ni chiah lem lo. Hetiang hi ram changkang zawkte’n anmahnia hawrawp an neih hnu fe leh a chhutna khawl an neih hnu daiha media (a bikin newspaper/ magazine) lama hma an sawn dan a ni a. Keini Mizo te, A,AW, B hawrawp kan neih atanga kum li (4) hnu leka kutziak hawrawp ngata chanchin puanzarna (newsletter) 'Mizo Chanchin Laisuih' nei thei hian heti lamah chuan rual kan khum chiang hle a ni lo'm ni?

'Mizo Chanchin Laisuih' hi min awptu British hotute tihchhuah kha a ni a, a copy pawh Mizo lalte kha pek an ni ve thin a; a tlangpuiin sorkar thuchhuak leh thingtlang khaw thenkhat chanchin tihchhuah thin a ni. Kum 1902 atangin thlakip chanchinbu 'Mizo leh Vai Chanchinbu' chu Superintendent Capt. J.Shakespeare-a'n a tichhuak bawk a; he chanchinbu hi phek 14 laia chhah niin, kum 1911 atangin kum 1936 thleng khan Makthanga chu editor a ni. He chanchinbu chungchanga chhinchhiah tlak deuh mai chu a chhuak hmasa berah (first issue) Mizo ziah article pathum ngawt mai a tel a. A hnu zelah pawh Mizo leh Vai Chanchinbu hi article tha tak tak awmna a rawn ni zui a, a hunlai na na na chuan Mizote khawvel tukverh tangkai tak niin, khatih hunlaia thuziak tam takte kha tunlaia thuziak tam tak ai chuan a ngaihnawm daih zawk nghe nghe. Kum 1941-a a tawp khan he chanchinbu hi khatih hunlaia British in min awpdan hriatna leh a hunlaia Mizote rilru puthmang hriatna tur atana hmanraw tangkai ber a ni hman hial.

Presbyterian Kohhran-in 1911 atanga a tihchhuah The Lushai Christian Press (1914 atanga Kristian Tlangau ni ta) te hi khawvel ram dangah a tlukpui awm ve tak maw. Kum 1984 khan central sorkar-in ram dang (foreign) atanga tanpuina dawng pawl reng rengin chanchinbu an chhuah a khap tum khan Kristian Tlangau hi zuah bik a ni a, a chhan pawh chhuahtirh atanga chawl miah lova tihchhuah char char a nih avangin tihtawp mai an phal bik lo a ni; chutiang khawpa thlakip chhuak chanchinbu zahawm leh ngaihhlut hlawh chu a ni, kan Kristian Tlangau hi. Baptist Mission hmunpui, Serkawn atanga Rover Scout tana tihchhuah thlakip magazine Tlawmngaihna (a hnua Robawm tia thlak) te khan khatih hunlaia thangtharte tan Mizo tlawmngaihna chungchang thuziak hlu tak tak a chhuah thin, khang thuziak te kha kumina ‘Zonunmawi’, ‘Zo Nun Ze Mawi’ ‘Moral Reformation’ campaign kan neih mup mup laite hian phawrhchhuah theih ni sela a va hlu dawn em!
Lushai Students Association (Mizo Students’Association/MZP ni ta) te'n 1938 atanga LSA Chanchinbu (1947 atangin MZP Chanchinbu) an tihchhuah te kha a hunlaia kei ka ni inti, khawthlang zirtirna (liberal education) hnuaia seilianho thu leh hla chhuahna a ni a. Khang hunlai, television awmhma daiha an thuziak tam tak kha tunlaia hriatna bawm (information system) a lo zau hnu pawh hian an zahpui awm lo mai ni loin an la hlu tak zet mai tih a lanna chu naupang zirlaibuah engemaw zat a la tel zel hi a ni.

Mimal, chanchinbu chhuah hmasa ber nia hriat chu Kulikawn pa, Liankhuma a ni a, phek 6-a chhah kar tin chanchinbu chu kum 1939 atanga Indopui Pahnihna tawp dawn thleng khan a chhuah ngat ngat peih a. Major Mc Call (District Commissioner) pawhin kum 1939-1942 chhung khan ni tin chanchinbu a tichhuak, phek khat chauh mah ni se sorkar thuthar leh thuchhuak te mipui hnena hriattir nan a tangkai hle.

Political party-ah chuan United Mizo Freedom Organization (UMFO) in December ni 6, 1947 atang khan party pual chanchinbu (party mouthpiece) Zoram Thupuan a tichhuak tan a; Mizo Union hruaitu lawk C Pahlira pawhin HK Bawichhuaka chu editor-a hmangin Mizo Union thu leh hla thehdarh nan 1948 atangin Mizo Arsi chu kar tin a tichhuak ve bawk.

Politician-te Hmanrua chu
Heng a hmasa lama kan tarlan, kan rama chanchinbu lo thanchhoh dan hi ngun taka kan bih a, kan politician hmasate nena kan thlunzawm chuan thil pahnih a lo lang. Pakhatna, kan politician hmasate kha mipui rorelna (democracy), zalenna leh dikna chanvo (right) chawisangtu zirtirna inpui, Liberal Education System hnuaia seilian an ni a, chuvangin Mizo lal thenkhatte’n an khua leh tuite hlawh pe lova an chhawr thin te leh an awpbet lutuk thin te kha an ti thei lo hle thin tih a hriat. An thil zirte atangin an han ngaihtuah ang a, an hmalam hun tur te, lehkhathiam lo lal hnuaia kun chu an tan khua a var lo hlein an hria ang a; anni ve thung chu khawvel ningkhawng hre pha lehkhathiam zinga mi, mahni tawka khawvel cho hliah hliah kha an nih avangin khawvel politics inlumlet pawh an man chak na ngiang mai; Indopui 2-na tawp ruala khawvel politics insingsa mup mup chu hai hek lo, a lo hmachhawn turin April ni 9, 1946 ah Mizo Commoners’ Union (a hnuah Mizo Union) chu Mizo lalte ep zawngin an din ta ut mai a nih kha. He kan politician-te educational background hian Mizoram kalsiam chu a lo herchhuahpui ta a ni. Pahnihna, kan ram hruaitu hmasa, lehkhathiam chinte rilru leh thlarau chawm turin zirlaibu chauh ni lo, a hunlaiin an ngaihdante an phochhuahna tur leh chhiar tur chanchinbu a awmin a chhuak ve reng bawk. Chu chuan kan politician hmasa te kha mahni inrintawkna a pe hle a ni a tih loh theih loh; lehkhathiam chin, khawvel chanchin hriat mai piah lama mahnia ngaihdan nghet tak nei sate’n an ngaihdan an phochhuahna tur chanchinbu lo awm khan nasa takin politics an khelhna kawngah inrintawkna a pe. UMFO tihchhuah Zoram Thupuan leh Mizo Arsi (Mizo Union) te kha India Union zawm nge tha zawk Burma zawm tih chungchang inhnialna hmun (forum) a ni. A hunlai chanchin hre phate chuan khatih hunlaia kan politician lehkhathiamte thil hriatzauzia te kha mak an la ti a; tin, kha inhnialnaah khan mipuite rilruah Mizo Union hruaitute khan thu leh hlaah UMFO ho kha an hneh deuh zawk zel niin an sawi, chu chu Mizo Arsi chanchinbu vang kha a ni pakhat.

Hun alo kal zel a, kar tin leh thlakip chhuak bakah ni tin chanchinbu pawh a lo awm ta zel a, vengchhung YMA/KTP/TKP/SAY/PYD etc te’n mahni pual 'newsletter' an nei fur ta bawk. Hnam dangte laka Mizo society danglamna em em chu veng/khaw tin tih theih deuh thawin mahni pual chanchinbu/newspaper kan nei fur hi a ni. Heti khawpa thuthar thehdarhna hmanrua nei tha hi khawvel ram dangah an awm bik awm lo asin. Ram dang leh state dang te angin ni tin chanchinbu (newspaper) te hi khawlaiah zawrh chhuah ni loin darkar 24 chhung news puangtu local television channel nei lo mah ila chanchinthar (breaking news) te hi chu a darh chak em em tho a, hei hi alawm kan danglamna chu ni!

Hetiang hi Mizote’n mass media kan hmelhriat chhoh dan a nih avangin democracy ram inrelbawl dan kan hman chhoh phat atangin chanchinbu hman tangkai thiam avanga ram hruaitu dinhmun thleng chho thei politician pawh an awm nuk mai. Pute, HK Bawichhuaka, Laldenga, C Vulluaia, J Lalthangliana, Lalhmingliana (MP), Lal Thanhawla te hi a langsar zual te an ni a; anni lo pawh la awm mah se hengho bikah chuan ram hruaitu ni tura an invawrh chhoh kawngah media hian hmun pawimawh a chang zual bik tiin a sawi theih ang.

Tunlai Hun
Thalai lehkhathiamte hnena eizawnna pek kawngah media hian a thawh hlawk hle; sorkar hna pawnlamah chuan private school tih lohah chuan service sector hna thenkhat (medical representative, telecommunication) nen thalaite tana hna siamsak kawngah a intluk thial awm e. Hetih rual hian media lam hi chuan thalaite zingah pawh khawvel ningkhawng hrepha chin leh Mizo society, politics, eonomy zuk bih peih chinte a hip deuh zawk emaw chu aw a tih theih. Hetih rual hian media lama thawh hi eizawnna kawng dangte aiin a 'risk' a sang hle. Service sector hna te hi chu Mizoramah pawh a la thang dawn chauh a, chutih rualin media, a bikin print media (chanchinbu/newspaper) te than dan hi a muang em em thung. Newspaper bikah ngat phei chuan 5-7 bak hian a neitute tan nuamsa taka khawsak theihna a thawkchhuak kher awm lo e, chutah hnathawktu chhawr a lo ngai a, a latu (subscriber) pung chak lo nen, sorkar advertisement-ah bawk innghah ve loh theih a ni lo. Newspaper lian lo tante phei chuan a hlawkna awm ang ang pawh chu ‘sa tah chhuah pek’ ang lek a ni dawn tlat a ni.

Hetiang hi kan ram media te dinhmun a nih avangin politics lam thuthar an chhuah duh dan pawh a dang ta nuai reng a ni. Political party tan lam neia news report te leh minister fachuam nih duh avanga khami minister bik news chhuah uar deuh bik te hi thil thar a ni lo. Hengte hi a chhan chu thingtlang mipui tam zawkin newspaper lakna tur pawisa an neih loh vang te leh inkalpawhna (road transportation) chhiat avanga newspaper pawh a thlenna hmun tur a thlen meuh chuan newspaper tia chhiar tlak a nih tawh thin loh vanga thingtlang khaw kilkhawr zawkte pawhin an subscribe duh loh vang tein thuthar (news) chhuah thintu newspaper te hi a than a muang a, eizawnna tlak a ni chang chang chauh a ni si a. Chuvangin, kawng awm chhun chu political party emaw minister belh bik deuh neih a ni tiin a sawi theih ang.

Newspaper leh magazine thenkhatin tanlam nei rana news leh article an chhuah thin avangin mipui nawlpuite hian politics chungchang thila inhnialna reng rengah thudik an hre thei ta thin lo a, chuvangin hetiang lam chhiar ai chuan politics tel lo thuthar eng pawh, milar te chanchin pawh (tiamin) chhiar an intihhmuh tan tawh a, chu chu thlakip chhuak Lengzem hmasawnna thuruk pawh a ni mahna. Hei bakah hian politics lam tel vak lohna magazine engemaw zat, a kawma nula itawm tak tak tawktarh thin an lo inlar leh mek a; hemiin a rawn hrin chhuah tur chu tunhmaa chanchin maksak pui pui inchhuah siak kha a ni leh thuai ang a, chu chu kan society leh politics thanchhohna atan a hrisel dawn si lo a ni. Chuvangin, sorkar a chet vat angai a ni. Engtinmaw?

Globalization hunah hian media hi sorkar inrawlh lohna tur eizawnna hmun nia ngaih ni mah se keini ram (Mizoram) angah hi chuan sorkar a chet a tulna a awm tlat. Advertisement ringawta media lam chawm loin sorkar hian chanchinbu/newspaper enkawltute hi an eizawnna an tihchangtlun zawk theihna turin loan (subsidized) pek dan ruahman thei se, a kalphung leh a tih dan tur pawh fel takin ruahmanna awm thei se a duhawm hle. Tuna media lam dinhmun dik takah chuan a tam zawkte hi chuan tihchangtlun ve a, newspaper lian zawkte el pha ve tura han buatsaih pawh an duh ve, mahse pawisa an nei tlat lo. Hetiang zela thil a kal chuan a te zawkte el phak rual lohin a lian sa an lian telh telh ang a, sorkar department lam pawhin an subscribe hreh telh telh dawn; tunah pawh inhriatthiamnain an subscribe mai mai tawh a ni a. Sorkar deptt-a thawkte hian an in lamah newspaper lian zawk an subscribe deuh vek sa avangin office-a newspaper-ho hi an chhiar mang tawh tlat lo. Sorkar deptt-in an subscribe loh hun huna ral tur newspaper a awm nual mai thei, chutih hunah chuan hna siam belh zawnga che tur sorkar kha hna awmsa tibo tu zawk a ni thei dawn a ni.

A dang lehah chuan inkalpawhna tha nei tura hmalakna hi a chak em em a ngaih rualin thingtlang lama khawsa kuthnathawktute eizawnna nghet siamsak vat a pawimawh. Thingtlanglama chanchinbu/newspaper chhiar thinte hi zirtirtu/sorkar hnathawk an ni tlangpui, anni chuan thla tina bill pek tur an nei. Mahse, kuthnathawktu tam zawkte hian chanchinbu lakna tur thla tin sum an thawkchhuak kher lo. Thingtlang mite eizawnna nghet siamsakna project leh inkalpawhna tha nei tura hmalakna hi a kal rual that a, thingtlang mipui nawlpuite’n newspaper an subscribe ve theih hun chuan dinchhuah leh dinchhuah loh chu chanchinbu mite mawhphurhna a ni tawh ang. Mahse, chumi hma chuan sorkar chu a inrawlhna awm takah a inrawlh a ngai phawt a, ral thlir liam ngawt chi a ni lo e.

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