Kumin March, 2009 - Sept. 2009 inkarah sorkar hnaah mi 1287 appointment pek an ni. He'ng zingah hian regular-a lak chu mi 103 lai an ni a, contract-a thawk tura lak mi 40 awmin, co-terminus-a lak 23 lak an awm. A tam ber SSA hnuaiah mi 1205 lakte kha an ni.
SSA-a thawk tura lak mi 1205 te hi chu hun rei lo te chhung atana lak an ni a, SSA tel lovin sorkar hnathawk dang lak hi mi 166 zet an ni.
He'ng bakah hian dan lova lak mi 5 an awm. AH&Vety Deptt hnuaiah MPSC Regulation 3(f)-in doctor 3 lak an ni a, mahse, heng post ruak pathumte hi dan anga hnawhkhahsak a nh theihnan MPSC-ah dil a ni tawh thung.
School eucation deptt. hnuaiah erawh contract-a rawih mi 1595 an awm a, chung zinga mi 1363 te chu an contract a tawp tawh a, a dang mi 232 te chu 3.12.2009-ah an contract a tawp ang.
Home deptt. hnuaiah mi 66 (SI 1, ASI (M) 5, Constable 41 leh Group D 19 Advertisement tel lova lak an awm. Heng mi 66-te hi kum 2004-05-a lak te an ni. Kum hnih an service hnuah dan angin confirmed vek an ni a, deptt. chhunga action lak emaw appointment pek tawhte ban tumna emaw a awm hran lo.
Agriculture deptt. hnuaiah advertisment pawh chhuah lo leh DPC kal tlang si-a lak mi 31 an awm a, PHE hnuaiah mi 11 an awm bawk, Agriculture deptt. hnuaia lak mi 31-te hi dahngheh an ni tawh.
Heng bakah hian Gram Sevak -3, LDC-2 leh Telephone Operator-1 te chu court order vanga dah ngheh an ni.
NTUM leh sorkar inbiakremna angin LDC 1 leh driver 1 chu DPC kaltlanga lak an ni.
Heng bakah hian midang 20 (Gram Secak-12, JE-4, Welder-1, Lab Assistant-1, Asst. Tractor Operator-1 leh Power Pump Operator-1) te chu deptt.-a rei tak officiating-a lo thawk tawhte an ni a, DPC kaltlanga dah ngheh an ni. Heng mite hian eizawnnan leh chhungkaw chawmnan an lo hman tawh avangin han ban leh mai chu thil tha niin a lang lo a, ban turin engmah hmalak a ni lo. Heng bakah hian sorkar thupek angin PAMRA family atangin LDC-ah mi 3 lak an ni.
Mizoram sorkar hnuaia department hrang hrang 15-te chuan vawiin thlengin hnalak chungchangah Recruitment Rules an la nei lo cheu!
Budget Session neih zawh takah kha, October ni 28-ah DP&AR deptt minister H Liansailova chuan Aizawl South I bialtu K Liantlinga zawhna chhangin, Recruitment Rules la nei lo deptt 15 an awm thu a sawi.
Minister chuan a sawifiahnaah, “Recruitment Rules la nei lo department han tih hian, department hi chuan Recruitment Rules an nei deuh vek a. Department-ah khan Recruitment Rules nei lo post an awm a ni zawk a. Recruitment Rules neih loh chhan hi han sawi fak tur a vang hle. A tlangpuiin Recruitment Rules nei lo post-te hi, post siam thar an ni tlangpui a. Kha post kha siam thar a nih veleh a neitu department-in Draft Recruitment Rules an siam nghal tur a ni a. Chu draft chu DP&AR-ah an thehlut ang a, DP&AR-in law department an 'vet' tir leh ang a, chumi hnuah MPSC Comments lak a ni thin. MPSC Comments hnuah DP&AR-in draft chu a final ang a, chumi hnuah Printing & Stationery Department ah Gazette a chhuah tur in thawn a ni ang a, Gazette-a chhuah a nih hnuah hman theih a ni ang,” a ti.
“Recruitment Rules Process chhung hi rin aiin a rei duh phian zel a. Department lamin DP&AR-a an thehluh kha, siamthat ngai leh objection-te a lo awm thin avangin department-ah thawn kir leh a ni fo a. An rawn siamthata an rawn thehluh leh hnuah pawh, a chang chuan tum hnih tum thum thawn let leh te pawh a ngai thei a. DP&AR lam infelfai tawk a an hriat tawh, law department lam a an thawn hian, law department hian siamthat ngai leh objection an rawn nei ve leh thin a. Chung siamthat ngai laite chu DP&AR-ah tihfel mai theih a lo ni bik si lo a, siamthat turin department lamah te thawn a lo ngai leh thin bawk a. Department pali-a neitu department, DP&AR, law department leh MPSC- ah te hian case hi a kal kual nasat thin avang hian Recruitment Rules process chhung hi a rei lo thei lo a ni,” a ti bawk.
Sorkar hnathawk lalna ram
Mizorama thil chakawm ber pakhat chu sorkar hnathawk nghet nih hi a ni ngat ang. Chu chuan kawngro a su a, Kohhran, khawtlang nun thlengin a nghawng!
He state hian a phu loh sorkar hnathawk a nei a, population ang zawnga thlir phei chuan India ram puma sorkar hnathawk tamna ber a ni.
Mizoramah thil man a pung a, chu chu sorkar hnathawkte hlawh milin a kal thin. Vawksa, arsa te pawh a rate chu tunah hian control theih a ni miah lo a, a hralh theih tih a chian miau avangin a rate hi duh zat zat a chhiar theih tlat. Sorkar hnathawkte'n sum an lalut tam tih hi mipuiin an hre tlat. Chu chuan thil man a tipung a, mahse, lakluh pung kha chu sorkar hnathawkte chauh an ni si ang.
Nikumah khan sorkar sum hmuh zawng zawng atanga za zela 26.49% chu sorkar hnathawk hlawhah hian a kal a, kuminah hian a pung lehnghal. Chutah, budget pharh hnu, tun hnaiah Mizoram sorkar chuan a hnathawkte hlawh a'n tisang leh dawn a!
Kan budget sum heti zat hi sorkar hnathawk hlawhah a kal ral thin hi pui tham tak a ni. Office inrelbawlna te, lirthei enkawlna te leh thil dang dangah a liam teuh teuh bawk. A nihna takah chuan Mizoram budget za zela 50 vel lai hi sorkar hnathawk hlawh leh inenkawlna behbawm velah a liam zel a ni. Chu mai a ni lo, eiruk tam tak a awm kum tin bawk! Sorkar hnathawkte hi Mizoram population atanga chhut chuan 7.8% vel chauh an ni a, 93% vel chu sorkar hnathawk lo an ni si a, manganthlak tham a ni.
2007-2008 chhunga Mizoram mipui sum thawhchhuah/lakluh chu cheng vaibelchhe 3,287 leh nuai 89 nia chhut a ni a, heta sum lakluh zinga za zela 67.12 zet chu sorkar hnathawkte lakluh a ni. Thil siamchhuahna lama thawk (industrial sector)-te lakluh chu za zela 17.65 a ni. Kuthnathawktu - lo neih leh huan thlai bakah ran vulh, sangha dil siam leh ramngaw hausakna hmanga eizawngte lakluh erawh chu za zela 15.23 chauh a ni.
Kuthnathawktute hi Mizoram mihring tam ber an ni a, Mizoram mihring zawng zawng atanga chhutin zaa 70 vel an ni. Chumite lakluh chu zaa 15.23 a ni a, chutih laiin zaa 5 vel (sorkar hnathawkte lakluh) chu za zela 67.12 lawih a ni thung. Chu chuan Mizoram hi ram rethei leh rorelna that lohna hmun a ni tih a tarlang.
Nikum khan Mizoramah sorkar hnathawk 47717 an awm tih tarlan a ni a, 2001 chhiarpuia Mizoram mihring zat 8,88,573 atanga chhut chuan mi 1000 zelah sorkar hnathawk 53 vel an awm zel tihna a ni. Mizoram mihring zinga za zela 5 aiin an tam hret a nih chu.
Mizoram chu sorkar hnathawk tamna ram a ni a, Mizoram chu mi tlem tein sorkar budget an insem zawhna ram a ni bawk. Sorkar hnathawk tam zawngah chuan a ram mipui zat atanga chhuta za zela 5 chu a tam tham hle a, chutih rual chuan mipui thawhchhuah zawng zawng zaa 67.12 lawih thawkchhuaktuah chuan an tlem hle thung. Mizoram hi a buai tihna a ni ber.
Kum 2001 chhiarpui-a a lan dan chuan Mizoram puma hnathawktu zawng zawng zinga 60.6% chu agriculture-ah an inhmang a, leilet leh thingtlang loneiha eizawng chhungkua 88819 an awm bawk. Chutih laiin 2006-2007 khan agriculture and allied sector hian GSDP (Mizoram gross state domestic product)-ah 16.02% lek a thawh thung. 2007-2008 chhung phei chuan 14% chauh a thawh a ni.
2001 chhiarpuiin Mizoram hnathawktute dinhmun a tarlan dan chuan mihring 8,88,573 zinga 4,67,159 (52,57%) chu hnathawh nei (worker) an ni a, thingtlangah hnathawh nei tam zawkin 57.20% chu hnathawh nei (thawkchhuak) an ni a, khawpuiah chuan 47.87% chauh hnathawh nei an ni.
Mizoram mipui tam berte hnathawh chu a hlawk lo hle tihna a ni. Loneiha eizawng chu Mizoram mipui zinga a chanve aia tam ni mah se GSDP-ah chuan 14% vel chauh an thawkchhuak ve a, chu chuan he hna hi a hlawk lo hle tihna a ni.
Mizoram economy-ah hian hna penhleh zawk deuha ngaih tertiary sector (service) chu a thawhhlawk ber a ni reng a, GSDP-ah 2007-2008 khan 65% chu he sector thawh hi a ni.
State pum economy-ah hian secondary sector chu GSDP-a thawhhlawk lamah tertiary sector dawttu a ni a, 20% vel a thawh a ni. Secondary leh tertiary sector amiten GSDP-a an thawh chu 85% bawr tihna a lo ni a, chu chu hnathawhtu zinga 39.45 vel thawhchhuah a ni
Mizoram University-a economics ziritirtu, Professor Tlanglawma chuan Mizoram kalphung chu tha lo a tih thu sawiin, “Sum a awm a, sum chuan production a siam tur a nia. Kan pawisa dawn te'n production siam si lovin a thamral a, circulation of money a sang a. Thil man state dang zawng aiin a to lo thei lova, kan pawisa dawnin thil hlu engmah kan siam si lo, kan sum neih chu hmun dang atanga thil lakluh nan kan hman a ngai si a ni,” a ti.
Mizoram budget atanga sorkar hnathawk hlawha kal ral zat hi 50 leh 60% inkar vel a ni a, Budget atang a pension a kalral ringawt pawh 4% lai a ni.
Sorkar hnathawk hlawhah 50/60% vel a kal a nih chuan Mizoramah hian hmasawnna hna thawh ngaihna a awm lo tluk a ni a, Mizoram budget 50/60% vel chu sorkar hnathawkte hnenah direct-in a thleng tihna a ni.
Mizoram chu India ram state hrang hrang zingah mihring zat atanga chhuta sorkar hnathawk tam berna a ni a, sorkar hnathawkte hlawh leh a behbawmah mipui pawisa tam zawk chu a kal kum tin reng a ni.
Mizoram sorkar chuan 6th Pay Commission hman turin thu a titlu a, sorkar hnathawk hlawh hi a sang hle dawn a, sorkar hnathawk lal lutuk lem lo pawhin Rs 30000/40000 te chu an hlawh fur ang. Tun dinhmunah pawh budget atanga pawisa tam tak mi tlem tein an insem a nih chuan hlawh a pung a nih phei chuan Mizoram sum dinhmun chu a chhe lehzual ang tih a chiang a, thil man sang chu sang taka beisei tur chi a ni ang.
Mizoram sorkar-in kum 2007-08 a pension fund atana sum sen zat kha Rs. 97.14 crore a ni a, kum 2008-09 Revised Estimates-ah khan Rs. 106.01 a ni leh dawrh a, kum 2009-10-ah chuan Rs. 163.11 crore ni tura ngaih a ni. Hei bakah hian normal pension payment chu Rs. 148.41 crore a ni ang a, Voluntary Retirement of School Teachers avanga sum sen tur chu Rs 14.70 crore a ni bawk a, hetianga a san leh chhan hi sixth pay hman dawn vang tho a ni.
Budget pharh takah (2009-10) khan sum hmanna hlawm lian tur capital expenditure atan Rs 855.70 crore ni tura ngaih a ni. Capital expenditure han tih hian loan rulhnan te a hman tur a ni tel bawk.
Rotling siamna tur capital outlay atan Rs 393.88 crore dah a ni bawk. Capital outlay hi capital ssets siamna atana ruahmanna a ni a, infrastruture siamnan te leh nakin zela rotling thil siamna tura ruahmanna a ni.
Hetihlai hian hlawha kal ral tur zat chu 1240 crore daih a ni thung a, total expenditure atanga chhut phei chuan 32.7% daih a ni a, rolting tur siamna atana ruahmanna aiin a let daihin hlawha kal ral tur hi a tam zawk dawn a ni.
Finance minister budget speech-a a sawi pawimawh tak chu salary expenditure chungchang a ni. Capital investment siam nasat zawk theihnan salary expenditure chu tihtlem zel tum a ni tiin a sawi a, hetih lai hian salary expenditure-a sorkarin kum 2007-08-a a sen zat chu Rs 734.61 crore lai a ni a, chu chu total expenditure atanga chhutin 28.43% lai a ni. Kum 2009-2010 chhunga salary expenditure atana ruahman chu Rs. 1240.16 crore a ni vung a, chu chu total expenditure atang chhutin 32.07% lai a ni leh bawk a, sorkar hnathawk hlawha kal ral hi a tam lutuk a ni. Tichung chuan March- August chhunga Sorkar hnathawk lak chu mi 103 an la ni leh lawih bawk a. Mizoram hian a phu lovin hnathawk a chhar hnem lutuk mah mah a ni.
Salary expenditure a san chhan tur hi Mizoram sorkarin sixth pay man a tum vang a ni a, chuta tan chuan budget atanga pawhpen a ngai lehta zel a. Chutih laiin Mizoramin leiba a neih zat finance accounts-a a lan dan chuan Rs. 3062.46 crore lawih a ni. He'ng zingah hian internal debt chu Rs. 1468.86 crore, loans & advances, Central Government atanga puk Rs. 558.50 crore leh Public Accounts atanga loan lak Rs. 1035.10 crore a ni a, kum dang ang bawkin Mizoram chu Government based economy kan nihna a lang chiang leh ta.
Hetihlai hian Proffessor Tlanglawma chuan Mizoram Finance System chu tha lo viau niah a ngai. “Kan Finance System hi a tha lo. Nakina kan la buai theihna tur a ni. Kan manage that loh chuan hun reilote hnuah buaina nasa tak kan tawk ngei ang,” a ti.
“Sorkar hnathawk kan tam si a, sorkar hnathawk te hian an hlawh atangin GPF leh CPF te an dahtha a, tlema senior deuh tawhte phei chuan pawisa dahthat nan tiin sing chuang dahte pawh an awm. Sorkar hian a khawlsak kan ti thei ang a, mahse, hei hi an invest-in ka hre lo. An invest lo a nih chuan nakinah buaina nasa tak siam thei a ni,” a ti.
“Sorkar hnathawk pension an la tam lo a ni thei a, nakinah chuan pension dawna pawisa lak theihloh te pawh a la awm thei. Hei hi mut mawh hnar mawha neih ngei chi a ni,” tiin Zozam Weekly a hrilh.
Hnathar siam chungchangah pawh Prof Tlanglawma chuan, “Employment generation kan sawi ziah a, hnathawh tur awm silova post siam leh ringawt hi buaina siambelhna ang chauh a ni,” a ti .
“India ramah hian community wise in police ngah ber kan ni. IR police te pawh kan nei ngah khawp mai. A tirah chuan central sorkar-in min tumsak a ni mai a, mahse, min tumsak reng dawn lova nakinah Mizoram suma kan chawm leh tho an ngai dawn. State-ina kan tih hunah chuan buaina siam belhna ang mai a ni,” a ti a, “An hnathawh tur tak tak pawh a awm si lo, khawi hmunah nge an thawh a, eng hunah nge an thawh? Productive si lovin eng hna nge an thawh ang. Tun dinhmunah chuan IR batallion te hian hnathawh tur an nei lo kan ti thei ang. Hetiang hi a kawng hmang lo, nakina kan buaina tur hlir hi kan insiamchawp zel mai chauh a ni,” tiin a sawi.
Management lamah kan hlawhchham rih nia ngaiin, “Management lamah hian kan la hlawhchham rih a ni. Sorkar hnathawkte hi kan mamawh aia tam kan nei a, mi singnga chuang lai kan nei a, MR leh contract te nen kan awl del dul a,” a ti.
“Hna hi kan thawk tur a ni a, Mizoram-ah chuan kan ti mai mai deuh a ni. Kan indaih lutuk vang pawh a ni mahna le,” a ti bawk.
Sorkar hnathawk tam lutuk chu a vei thu sawiin, “Sorkar inrelbawl dan hi kan ngaihtuah chian deuh chu a ngai a ni. Mamawh aia tam daih an awm vang hian plan sum hi pawhpen a ngai lo thei lova, chumi tel lo chuan kan in-manage zo si lo,” a ti.
“Mizoram-ah hian sum a awm a, sum chuan production a siam tur a nia. Central atanga kan pawisa dawn te'n production siam si lovin a thamral a, circulation of money a sang a. Thil man state dang zawng aiin a to lo thei lova, kan pawisa dawnin thil hlu engmah kan siam si lo, kan sum neih chu hmun dang atanga thil lakluh nan kan hman a ngai si a ni,” a ti a, “Kan sum neihte lah sorkar hnathawk hlawhah a kal ral nasa si a, sawi tawh ang khan sorkar hian a hnathawkte hlawh a dah thatsak hi a invest si lo. Hei ringawt pawh hi hun lo la kal turah sorkar tan chuan buaina tham a la ni dawnin a lang,” a ti bawk.
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Recruitment Rules la nei lo Department 15 te chung changah a changtu minister Liansailova chuan tiang hian Budget Session liam taah khan House a hrilh.
(1) ATI: Computer Operator-cum-Technician post Recruitment Rules leh Head Faculty leh Associate Professor-te Recruitment Rules hi Process tawh a ni a. Tunah hian Sorkar-ah file a kal mek a ni.
(2) School Education Department hnuaia Recruitment Rules la nei lo Post Director, Joint Director leh Assistant Librarian te kha, Education Reforms Commission recommendation nghah a nih avangin la kalpui loh a ni.
(3) LAD hnuaia Recruitment Rules la nei lo post Chairman kha, an pay a hniam bik avangin pay upgrade Sorkar-ah dil mek a ni a. Sorkar thutlukna hmuh anih veleh Recruitment Rules buatsaih a ni ang.
(4) UD&PA hnuaia Technical post Executive Engineer, Assistant Engineer leh Assistant Architect Recruitment Rules process tawh a ni a. Fitment Committee Recommendation Sorkar in a pawmpui hunah final tur a dah a ni.
(5) PHE Department hnuaia Bacteriologist leh Analyst post-te Recruitment Rules peih fel a ni tawhin Gazette-ah chhuah an ni tawh.
(6) Minor Irrigation hnuaia post- JE, Section Assistant leh Draftsman-te Recruitment Rules kha process a ni tawhin DP&AR lam in an final tep tawh e.
(7) Fisheries Department a Director post Recruitment Rules nei lo kha, tunah chuan siam a ni tawhin Gazette-ah chhuah a ni tawh e.
(8) Taxation Department a Commissioner of Taxes Recruitment Rules hi Examine tawh a ni a. Law Department in an "vet" tawh a, MPSC comments pawh lak a ni tawh a. Gazette-a notify turin hma lak mek a ni.
(9) Disaster management & Rehabilitation Department hnuaia Recruitment Rules nei lo Data entry Operator kha, Department hrang hrang a Data Entry Operator post-te nen a hman tlan theih turin tunah hian Information & Communication Technology Department ah Recruitment Rules buatsaih mek a ni a. Peihfel a nih veleh DP & AR ah thehlut in a tul ang a kal pui zel a ni ang.
(10) Art & Culture Department a Recruitment Rules nei lo Music Instructor (Vocal) kha, DP & AR-ah Recruitment Rules thehluh tawh a niin examine a ni tawh a. Qualification leh thildang fel lote, a Department lam nen la indawr mek a ni a. Reilote ah peihfel beisei a ni.
(11) Home (Police) Department a Recruitment Rules nei lo post Computer Operator, Programming Assistant, Data Entry Operator-te Recruitment Rules chu Sl.No.9 a sawi ang khian Information & Communication Technology Department-ah buatsaih mek a ni.
(12) H & FW Department hnuai a Recruitment Rules nei lo post hrang hrang te dinhmun chu a hnuai a mi ang hiani.
(a) Principal, College of Nursing Recruitment Rules Directorate lam in an buatsaih a, a Department Secretariat lam ah thawn a ni tawh a. Tunah hian Department lam in an examine mek.
(b) Lecturer, .College of Nursing Recruitment Rules hi H & FW Department Secretariat-ah examine mek a ni.
(c) Radiologist Safety Officer Recruitment Rules hi, draft siam turin Directorate of Health Services hriattir an ni.
(d) Audiologist & Speech Therapist Recruitment Rules hi peihfel a ni tawh in Gazette-ah chhuah a ni tawh.
(e) Physiotherapist Technician Recruitment Rules hi, draft siam tur in Directorate office lam hriattir an ni.
(f) Dietician Recruitment Rules hi, draft siam turin Directorate office lam hriattir an ni.
(g) Principal Director hi, Mizoram Health Service Rules, 2009 ah dah tel ni a. Cabinet approval nghah mek a ni.
(13) Art & Culture Department hnuaia Recruitment Rules la neilo Music In-structor(Vocal) kha Recruitment Rules buatsaih mek a ni e.
(14) Revenue Department a Recruitment Rules neilo post-te kha, hetiang hian hma lak mek a ni.
(a) Head Cartographer -
Recruitment Rules siam a ni tawh in Gazette-ah chhuah ani tawh.
(b) Cartographer-II leh III te hi "Clubbed together" an ni a. Recruitment Rules hi DP & AR-ah examine a ni tawh a. Provision thenkhat siam that a ngaih avang in Department lam ah thawn let leh hrih a ni.
(c) Surveyor II leh III hi "Clubbed together" an ni a. Tunah hian Revenue Department-ah "Surveyor" leh "Surveyor-I" an awm a. Recruitment Rules hi siam a ni tawh in Gazette-ah notify a ni tawh.
Industries Department hnuaia post Recruitment Rules la nei lo zingah khan, a hnuaia post-te hi Deptt. dangte nen Common Recruitment Rules hman a ni a, Recruitment Rules hran Depttin a neih a ngai lo.
(a)Technical Assistant
(b)Draftman-II
(c)Production Assistant -cum -Technical Assistant
(d)Store Jugali
(e)Khalasi
(f) Junior Engineer
Deptt. dang Recruitment Rules hmangthei te.
(a)Mechanic -I,II&III
(b)Electrician cum Mechanic
Recruitment Rules neilo zingah khan hengte hian Recruitment Rules an nei tawh a.
(a)Auto Mechanic
(b)Field Assistant
(c) Weaving Instructor
(d)Skilled Weaver(Carpet)
(e)Semi skilled worker
(f)Unskilled worker/helper
Recruitment Rules la nei lote
(a)Carpentry Expert
(b)Supervisor
(c)Maize Operator
(d) Welder-III
(e)Section Cutter
(f)Addl. Director
(g)Assistant Director (Food)
Addl. Director Recruitment Rules hi process tawh a ni a, Law vetting leh MPSC comments pawh lak a ni tawh a. Rei loteah peih fel a ni ang. Recruitment Rules la neilo post-te hi, Recruitment Rules neih tumin hmalak mek a ni.
Recruitment Rules la nei lo post te hi, post siam thar an ni tlangpui a. Post Create a nih ve leh a Department neitu in draft-Recruitment Rules a buatsaih nghal tur a ni a. A Department chet ran leh ran lohah a innghat thui viau ang. Tin, Recruitment Rules ah hian Department hrang hrang in inrawlhna an neiu a, a process chhung a rei thin a ni. Revruitment Rules chung changa mawhphurtu Department te chu -
(a) A neitu Department
(b) DP&AR
(c) Law Department leh
(D) MPSC
Read more...
Monday, November 9, 2009
Tuikuk leh Chakma te vannei dawn
¢ Lalhruaitluanga Chawngte
October ni 3-ah khan ZOFEST-2009 hmannaah art & culture minister chuan thu sawiin, Tuikuk leh hnam thenkhatte chu Mizoram mi dik tak an ni lo tih finfiahna lama tan la turin mithiamte a sawm a, historian-te leh ziakmite a sawm deuh bik nghe nghe.
Tripura-a refugee camp-a khawsa mek Tuikuk-ho chungchang sawiin minister chuan, Tuikuk-ho hi Mizoram mi dik tak an ni lo tih finfiahna lama tanlak tul a tih thu a sawi a, engemaw avanga Mizorama lo khawsa ve mai an nih thu te, a ram neitu an nih loh thu finfiah turin historian-te leh ziakmite a sawm a ni.
Mahse, thla khat pawh a liam hma, October ni 29-ah Mizoram Assembly House chuan The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 chu Mizoramah hman a nih ve theih nan a pawm a, he dan hi hnam dangte'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an chan theihna tur a ni thei.
Ramhnuai leh a chhehvela cheng Sheduled Tribe-te tana he dan hi siam a ni a, chenna mai ni lovin ramhnuai chhawr tangkai chungchang te pawh a huam. Chu'ng ramhnuaia cheng leh a chhawr tangkaitu Scheduled Tribe te hnen atang chuan chhiah lak a ni ang a, ram neitu nihna an nei zui ang. Scheduled Tribe te'n December ni 13, 2005 hmaa ram an lo hman/enkawl tawh chungah neihtu nihna an chang thei dawn a, December ni 13, 2005 hmain kum 75 (three generations) an lo awm tawh tur a ni, tih a ni. Chuti a nih chuan Mizorama ramhnuai engemaw zat hi Mizo ni lo, mahse, Scheduled Tribe ni si te'n an nei thei ang a, Tuikuk leh Chakma, Mizorama kum 75 lo cheng tawhte chuan ram an nei thei dawn tihna a ni.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hi December ni 18, 2006-ah India Parliament-in a pass a ni.
State thenkhat - Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Andra Pradesh, Orissa leh Goa te chu India constitution-in 'special provisions' pein, sakhaw thil, customary laws, land transfer leh thil thenkhatah thuneihna a pe a, chutiangah chuan Parliament dan siam sa pawh a hmang turin an state Assembly-in a pawm phawt a ngai a ni. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 pawh hi Parliament-in J&K tih loh India ram puma hman turin rel mah se land transfer chungchang a nih avangin Mizoramah chuan hmang turin Mizoram Assembly House-in a pawm ve phawt a ngai. October ni 29-ah social welfare minister PC Lalthanliana'n Budget Session-ah resolution a pulut a, House chuan a pawm ta a ni.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hian a tir phat atangin inhnialna a chawkchhuak nghal laih; a thenin an duh a, a thenin an duh lo. Parliament-in a buaipui tirh atangin India rama hetiang lam ngaihvente inhnialna thupui a ni nghal.
He dan hian thatna tam tak a nei a, that lohna tam tak pawh a nei niin a lang. Mimalin ram an neih phah dawn a, chu chu thil lawmawm a ni ngei ang. Ramngaw humhalh mawh kha khawtlang kutah a awm dawn avangin environmentalist-te chuan tha an ti bawk. He'ng thil pahnihte hi he dan-in thil tha a thlen tur ni-a ngaih langsar a ni. Mahse, Sheduled Tribe-te (forest people) te tiphel thei tura ngaih a ni. Sheduled Tribe engemaw zatin ram an neih phah ang a, a nei ve ta lote zawng chu ram nei lo, 'displaced people' an nih phah ang tih chu thlir dan pakhat a ni. Chuti a nih chuan forest people te chu an phel thuai ang a, chu chu thil pawi tak a ni ngei ang. NGO Delhi Forum-a an hotu pakhat Souparna Lahiri chuan, "He thil hian forest people te a tiphel thei ang," (This can create conflict among the forest people) tiin a sawi a, he dan chhawrtu leh chhiatpuitu an awm ang tih chu a rin dan, he dan a duh loh chhan a ni.
Jharkhand-a an NGO pakhat- Jungle Bachao Andolan hruaitu Sanjay Bosu Mullick pawhin a ngaihdan sawiin, "Thingtlangah a then hnenah ram neih theihna rights pein a then erawh an nawrchhuak ang maw?" a ti.
"Mi thenkhat, ram neih ve tak loh avanga chhuak tura tihte chu sorkarin an 'right to food' leh 'right to work' a chhuhsak dawn tihna a ni, " (The government will take away the right to food and work from people who will be asked to leave their habitat) a ti bawk.
Bengal activist Soumitra Ghosh chuan non-scheduled area-ah he dan-in awmzia a neih theih loh laia sheduled area-a kenkawh a ni tur chu thil buaithlak tak, Sheduled Tribe te hleih nei zunga siam theitu a ni tiin a sawi. He dan hi sheduled area-ah pawh Gram Sabha (khawtlang roreltu, thlantlin) chu a buaipuitu tur ber an nih avangin Gram Sabha awm lohna hmunah chuan thil buaithlak tak turah ngaih a ni bawk.
A thatna sawi tur tam tak a awm laiin a that lohna sawi tur pawh a tam hle a, chuvangin he dan hi engtianga tangkai nge a nih dawn tih chu hriatthiam a har hle. A thil nghawng tur lian tak pakhat chu loneih chungchangah a ni. Common property resources (vantlang intawm thil) te hi he dan hman hnuah engtia kalpui tur nge tih chu ngaihtuah ngai tak mai a ni a, shifting cultivation (Mizorama kan loneih dan hi) hi a tih zui zel theih ang em tih pawh ngaihtuahna tithuitu a ni thei. Shifting cultivation chu ramngaw tichereutu tiin khawvelin kalsan tul a ti a, mahse, Mizoram leh ram thenkhatah chuan vawiin thlengin shifting cultivation kalsanna tur loneitute tan a la awm lo. Mizoramah pawh sorkarin NLUP te, MIP te a'n buaipui sateh thin na a, loneitute'n shifting cultivation an bansan phahna tur khawp hlawhtlinna a la awm lo. Shifting cultivation tihna tur hmun awm lo se, mimal engemaw zatin ram nei duai duai si se, eng thil nge a nghawng tak ang? Chu mawlh chu he dan duh lotute auhla pakhat a ni.
Land record-na lama ram pachhe tak zingah he dan hi hman ni ta se eng nge a nghawng ang tih chu he dan duh lotute zawhna pawimawh dang pakhat a ni. Miin a duh duhin 'he'ng lai hi kan ram a ni' ti se, LSC te chu a thei tan neih mai harsa a ni si lo, patta ni se harsa lo bawk, tuin nge hnial thei ang? India ram hi land record lamah a hniam hle a, heti lama Mizoram pachhiatzia chu tlang hriat a ni. Chutiang ramah chuan forest people te'n 'hei hi ka pu atanga kan chhungkaw ram a ni' an han ti ang a, vantlang ram kan chan thung ang. Aizawl pa, ram neihna chang hre em emte hian 'ka ram a ni' tiin an han 'claim' ngei bawk ang a, mi tlem tein ram zau tak an neihna ram Mizoramah hian mi tlem te-te ram a zau belh phah daih thei bawk. Chu chuan eng nge a nghawng dawn tih hre saa a invenna tur nen lam hre sa te'n he dan hi an pawm a ni ngei ang.
He dan hi India ram tana siam a ni a, India rama Sheduled Tribe rethei tak tak, an awmna state-a chep taka awm, ram hman tur pawh nei lote tan chuan thil tha pawh a ni ang. Mizoram erawh a neitute zawng zawng Sheduled Tribe an nihna a ni a, chu ramah chuan Sheduled Tribe te an chep lo. Mahse, chu ramah chuan Scheduled Tribe thenkhat, an chep ti-a India-in a sawi thin hnam thenkhat- Chakma te, Tuikuk te an awm. Chu'ng mite lah chu a ram neitu Mizote chuan "a rammi an ni lo" an ti kumkhua a, politician te'n an party vote-tu atan an duh avangin an nih tur phak bakin an sang chak a ni deuh ber. India ram state thenkhata Scheduled Tribe rethei leh chep takte tana dan siam chu Mizo ni lo, Mizorama awm ve si Scheduled Tribe te chuan an han hmang ve dawn a ni a, tin, kan hotute'n an remti bawk a, i lo thlir teh ang u hmiang.
Engpawhnise, history chuan Mizoramin he dan a hman hun hi Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an neih tannaah a ngai ngei ang. He dan hman a nih rual rualin Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n ram an nei nghal sup sup kher lo mai thei, mahse, ram neitu nihna chanvo an neih vena tur a ni tlat.
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The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
He dan hi September ni 9, 2008-a ngaihtuah turin chutih laia roreltu MNF te chuan House-ah an lo pulut tawh a, mahse, September ni 8-ah The Aizawl Post-in he dan chungchang hi an chhuah a, MZP te'n ni 8-ah hian hnukdawk turin MNF Legislature Party chu an ngen bawk. MNF Legislature Party chuan a tuka sawiho tura tih ni tawh mah se chawpchilh takin an hnukdawk ta a, hetih laia chief minister Zoramthanga chuan MZP hruaitute chu a nghawng tur thil an lo hriat avangin a fak nghe nghe. Thangtharte hi in lo fel hle mai, tiin a fak a ni.
September ni 8, 2009-ah The Aizawl Post chuan House-in The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 an ngaihtuah tur thu tiang hian a tarlang:
Aizawl, Sept. 8 : Naktukah hian Mizoram Legislative Assembly thutkhawm neih a ni dawn a, ruahman anga thil a kal a nih chuan Tuikuk leh Chakma te tan chuan he Autumn Session hi kumkhuaa hriatreng tlak a ni ngei ang.
Official Resolution pakhat putluh a ni dawn a, The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 chu Mizoramah hman a nih ve theih nan sorkarna chelhtu te'n House pawmna an dil dawn a ni. House-ah pawm a nih chuan Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an nei thei dawn a ni.
Session lo awm turah hian bill leh private resolution te a lut dawn lo tih thu Assembly Secretariat atanga dawn a ni a, official resolution hi social welfare minister K Vanlalauva'n a pulut dawn nia hriat a ni.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hi December ni 18, 2006-ah khan India Parliament chuan a pass a, mahse, India Constitution-in 'Special Provision' a pek - Mizoram leh state thenkhatah chuan he dan hmang tur hian mahni state Assembly House-a pawm phawt a ngai thung. Chu chu tun tum session-ah hian House-in a ngaihtuah dawn a ni.
Ramhnuai leh a chhehvela cheng Sheduled Tribe te tana he dan hi siam a ni a, chenna mai ni lovin ramhnuai chhawr tangkai chungchang te pawh a huam. Chung ramhnuaia cheng leh a chhawr tangkaitu Scheduled Tribe te hnen atang chuan chhiah lak a ni ang a, ram neitu nihna an nei zui ang.
Scheduled Tribe te'n December ni 13, 2005 hmaa ram an lo hman/enkawl tawh chungah neihtu nihna an chang thei dawn a, chuti a nih chuan Mizorama ramhnuai engemaw zat hi Mizo ni lo, mahse, Scheduled Tribe ni si te'n an nei thei ang. Tripura lama raltlan mek Tuikuk te paw'n an chhuahsan hnu ram kha a neitu nihna an rawn nei leh thlap thei dawn tihna a ni!
MZP president C Lalhmachhuana chuan he dan hi Mizoramah hman an duh loh thu sawiin, "Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n kan ram min chhuhsak theihna tur a ni a, chuvangin MZP chuan he dan hi hman kan duh lo bur. A ram mi pawh ni lo, foreign leh hmun dang atanga rawn pemlut an ni a, kan hnawtchhuak hlei thei tawh lo pawh a mangan thlak nak a laia, ram neitu nihna an han chang tur hi kan remti lo," a ti.
"He dan hrechiang tan chuan Mizorama hman ve hi duh chi-ah kan ngai lo a, politics-a Tuikuk leh Chakma te vote hui tumnaa hman kan remti lo bawk. Kan political party te pawh kan ngen duh; mahni party hamthatna tur ngaihtuah lovin, Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n min vote ang em tih te ngaihtuah lovin Mizo tana tha chauh ngaihtuah chungin he dan chungchang hi rel rawh se," a ti bawk.
MLA hlui, advocate Lalsawta chuan "Mizo ni lo te'n Mizoramah ram an neih theihna tur" tiin he dan chungchang a sawi.
Fimkhur tul a tih thu sawiin, "A awmziaah chuan kan ramah Tuikuk leh Chakma, Scheduled Tribe zawng zawng te'n ram neitu nihna an chang dawn tihna a ni a, chu chu kam remti tak zet em? Kan hnam tan a tha em? House hian thutlukna dik lo a siam a nih chuan tun hnu zelah pawh beih an nuam khawp ang," a ti bawk.
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October ni 3-ah khan ZOFEST-2009 hmannaah art & culture minister chuan thu sawiin, Tuikuk leh hnam thenkhatte chu Mizoram mi dik tak an ni lo tih finfiahna lama tan la turin mithiamte a sawm a, historian-te leh ziakmite a sawm deuh bik nghe nghe.
Tripura-a refugee camp-a khawsa mek Tuikuk-ho chungchang sawiin minister chuan, Tuikuk-ho hi Mizoram mi dik tak an ni lo tih finfiahna lama tanlak tul a tih thu a sawi a, engemaw avanga Mizorama lo khawsa ve mai an nih thu te, a ram neitu an nih loh thu finfiah turin historian-te leh ziakmite a sawm a ni.
Mahse, thla khat pawh a liam hma, October ni 29-ah Mizoram Assembly House chuan The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 chu Mizoramah hman a nih ve theih nan a pawm a, he dan hi hnam dangte'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an chan theihna tur a ni thei.
Ramhnuai leh a chhehvela cheng Sheduled Tribe-te tana he dan hi siam a ni a, chenna mai ni lovin ramhnuai chhawr tangkai chungchang te pawh a huam. Chu'ng ramhnuaia cheng leh a chhawr tangkaitu Scheduled Tribe te hnen atang chuan chhiah lak a ni ang a, ram neitu nihna an nei zui ang. Scheduled Tribe te'n December ni 13, 2005 hmaa ram an lo hman/enkawl tawh chungah neihtu nihna an chang thei dawn a, December ni 13, 2005 hmain kum 75 (three generations) an lo awm tawh tur a ni, tih a ni. Chuti a nih chuan Mizorama ramhnuai engemaw zat hi Mizo ni lo, mahse, Scheduled Tribe ni si te'n an nei thei ang a, Tuikuk leh Chakma, Mizorama kum 75 lo cheng tawhte chuan ram an nei thei dawn tihna a ni.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hi December ni 18, 2006-ah India Parliament-in a pass a ni.
State thenkhat - Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Andra Pradesh, Orissa leh Goa te chu India constitution-in 'special provisions' pein, sakhaw thil, customary laws, land transfer leh thil thenkhatah thuneihna a pe a, chutiangah chuan Parliament dan siam sa pawh a hmang turin an state Assembly-in a pawm phawt a ngai a ni. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 pawh hi Parliament-in J&K tih loh India ram puma hman turin rel mah se land transfer chungchang a nih avangin Mizoramah chuan hmang turin Mizoram Assembly House-in a pawm ve phawt a ngai. October ni 29-ah social welfare minister PC Lalthanliana'n Budget Session-ah resolution a pulut a, House chuan a pawm ta a ni.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hian a tir phat atangin inhnialna a chawkchhuak nghal laih; a thenin an duh a, a thenin an duh lo. Parliament-in a buaipui tirh atangin India rama hetiang lam ngaihvente inhnialna thupui a ni nghal.
He dan hian thatna tam tak a nei a, that lohna tam tak pawh a nei niin a lang. Mimalin ram an neih phah dawn a, chu chu thil lawmawm a ni ngei ang. Ramngaw humhalh mawh kha khawtlang kutah a awm dawn avangin environmentalist-te chuan tha an ti bawk. He'ng thil pahnihte hi he dan-in thil tha a thlen tur ni-a ngaih langsar a ni. Mahse, Sheduled Tribe-te (forest people) te tiphel thei tura ngaih a ni. Sheduled Tribe engemaw zatin ram an neih phah ang a, a nei ve ta lote zawng chu ram nei lo, 'displaced people' an nih phah ang tih chu thlir dan pakhat a ni. Chuti a nih chuan forest people te chu an phel thuai ang a, chu chu thil pawi tak a ni ngei ang. NGO Delhi Forum-a an hotu pakhat Souparna Lahiri chuan, "He thil hian forest people te a tiphel thei ang," (This can create conflict among the forest people) tiin a sawi a, he dan chhawrtu leh chhiatpuitu an awm ang tih chu a rin dan, he dan a duh loh chhan a ni.
Jharkhand-a an NGO pakhat- Jungle Bachao Andolan hruaitu Sanjay Bosu Mullick pawhin a ngaihdan sawiin, "Thingtlangah a then hnenah ram neih theihna rights pein a then erawh an nawrchhuak ang maw?" a ti.
"Mi thenkhat, ram neih ve tak loh avanga chhuak tura tihte chu sorkarin an 'right to food' leh 'right to work' a chhuhsak dawn tihna a ni, " (The government will take away the right to food and work from people who will be asked to leave their habitat) a ti bawk.
Bengal activist Soumitra Ghosh chuan non-scheduled area-ah he dan-in awmzia a neih theih loh laia sheduled area-a kenkawh a ni tur chu thil buaithlak tak, Sheduled Tribe te hleih nei zunga siam theitu a ni tiin a sawi. He dan hi sheduled area-ah pawh Gram Sabha (khawtlang roreltu, thlantlin) chu a buaipuitu tur ber an nih avangin Gram Sabha awm lohna hmunah chuan thil buaithlak tak turah ngaih a ni bawk.
A thatna sawi tur tam tak a awm laiin a that lohna sawi tur pawh a tam hle a, chuvangin he dan hi engtianga tangkai nge a nih dawn tih chu hriatthiam a har hle. A thil nghawng tur lian tak pakhat chu loneih chungchangah a ni. Common property resources (vantlang intawm thil) te hi he dan hman hnuah engtia kalpui tur nge tih chu ngaihtuah ngai tak mai a ni a, shifting cultivation (Mizorama kan loneih dan hi) hi a tih zui zel theih ang em tih pawh ngaihtuahna tithuitu a ni thei. Shifting cultivation chu ramngaw tichereutu tiin khawvelin kalsan tul a ti a, mahse, Mizoram leh ram thenkhatah chuan vawiin thlengin shifting cultivation kalsanna tur loneitute tan a la awm lo. Mizoramah pawh sorkarin NLUP te, MIP te a'n buaipui sateh thin na a, loneitute'n shifting cultivation an bansan phahna tur khawp hlawhtlinna a la awm lo. Shifting cultivation tihna tur hmun awm lo se, mimal engemaw zatin ram nei duai duai si se, eng thil nge a nghawng tak ang? Chu mawlh chu he dan duh lotute auhla pakhat a ni.
Land record-na lama ram pachhe tak zingah he dan hi hman ni ta se eng nge a nghawng ang tih chu he dan duh lotute zawhna pawimawh dang pakhat a ni. Miin a duh duhin 'he'ng lai hi kan ram a ni' ti se, LSC te chu a thei tan neih mai harsa a ni si lo, patta ni se harsa lo bawk, tuin nge hnial thei ang? India ram hi land record lamah a hniam hle a, heti lama Mizoram pachhiatzia chu tlang hriat a ni. Chutiang ramah chuan forest people te'n 'hei hi ka pu atanga kan chhungkaw ram a ni' an han ti ang a, vantlang ram kan chan thung ang. Aizawl pa, ram neihna chang hre em emte hian 'ka ram a ni' tiin an han 'claim' ngei bawk ang a, mi tlem tein ram zau tak an neihna ram Mizoramah hian mi tlem te-te ram a zau belh phah daih thei bawk. Chu chuan eng nge a nghawng dawn tih hre saa a invenna tur nen lam hre sa te'n he dan hi an pawm a ni ngei ang.
He dan hi India ram tana siam a ni a, India rama Sheduled Tribe rethei tak tak, an awmna state-a chep taka awm, ram hman tur pawh nei lote tan chuan thil tha pawh a ni ang. Mizoram erawh a neitute zawng zawng Sheduled Tribe an nihna a ni a, chu ramah chuan Sheduled Tribe te an chep lo. Mahse, chu ramah chuan Scheduled Tribe thenkhat, an chep ti-a India-in a sawi thin hnam thenkhat- Chakma te, Tuikuk te an awm. Chu'ng mite lah chu a ram neitu Mizote chuan "a rammi an ni lo" an ti kumkhua a, politician te'n an party vote-tu atan an duh avangin an nih tur phak bakin an sang chak a ni deuh ber. India ram state thenkhata Scheduled Tribe rethei leh chep takte tana dan siam chu Mizo ni lo, Mizorama awm ve si Scheduled Tribe te chuan an han hmang ve dawn a ni a, tin, kan hotute'n an remti bawk a, i lo thlir teh ang u hmiang.
Engpawhnise, history chuan Mizoramin he dan a hman hun hi Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an neih tannaah a ngai ngei ang. He dan hman a nih rual rualin Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n ram an nei nghal sup sup kher lo mai thei, mahse, ram neitu nihna chanvo an neih vena tur a ni tlat.
#############################
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
He dan hi September ni 9, 2008-a ngaihtuah turin chutih laia roreltu MNF te chuan House-ah an lo pulut tawh a, mahse, September ni 8-ah The Aizawl Post-in he dan chungchang hi an chhuah a, MZP te'n ni 8-ah hian hnukdawk turin MNF Legislature Party chu an ngen bawk. MNF Legislature Party chuan a tuka sawiho tura tih ni tawh mah se chawpchilh takin an hnukdawk ta a, hetih laia chief minister Zoramthanga chuan MZP hruaitute chu a nghawng tur thil an lo hriat avangin a fak nghe nghe. Thangtharte hi in lo fel hle mai, tiin a fak a ni.
September ni 8, 2009-ah The Aizawl Post chuan House-in The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 an ngaihtuah tur thu tiang hian a tarlang:
Aizawl, Sept. 8 : Naktukah hian Mizoram Legislative Assembly thutkhawm neih a ni dawn a, ruahman anga thil a kal a nih chuan Tuikuk leh Chakma te tan chuan he Autumn Session hi kumkhuaa hriatreng tlak a ni ngei ang.
Official Resolution pakhat putluh a ni dawn a, The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 chu Mizoramah hman a nih ve theih nan sorkarna chelhtu te'n House pawmna an dil dawn a ni. House-ah pawm a nih chuan Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an nei thei dawn a ni.
Session lo awm turah hian bill leh private resolution te a lut dawn lo tih thu Assembly Secretariat atanga dawn a ni a, official resolution hi social welfare minister K Vanlalauva'n a pulut dawn nia hriat a ni.
The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hi December ni 18, 2006-ah khan India Parliament chuan a pass a, mahse, India Constitution-in 'Special Provision' a pek - Mizoram leh state thenkhatah chuan he dan hmang tur hian mahni state Assembly House-a pawm phawt a ngai thung. Chu chu tun tum session-ah hian House-in a ngaihtuah dawn a ni.
Ramhnuai leh a chhehvela cheng Sheduled Tribe te tana he dan hi siam a ni a, chenna mai ni lovin ramhnuai chhawr tangkai chungchang te pawh a huam. Chung ramhnuaia cheng leh a chhawr tangkaitu Scheduled Tribe te hnen atang chuan chhiah lak a ni ang a, ram neitu nihna an nei zui ang.
Scheduled Tribe te'n December ni 13, 2005 hmaa ram an lo hman/enkawl tawh chungah neihtu nihna an chang thei dawn a, chuti a nih chuan Mizorama ramhnuai engemaw zat hi Mizo ni lo, mahse, Scheduled Tribe ni si te'n an nei thei ang. Tripura lama raltlan mek Tuikuk te paw'n an chhuahsan hnu ram kha a neitu nihna an rawn nei leh thlap thei dawn tihna a ni!
MZP president C Lalhmachhuana chuan he dan hi Mizoramah hman an duh loh thu sawiin, "Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n kan ram min chhuhsak theihna tur a ni a, chuvangin MZP chuan he dan hi hman kan duh lo bur. A ram mi pawh ni lo, foreign leh hmun dang atanga rawn pemlut an ni a, kan hnawtchhuak hlei thei tawh lo pawh a mangan thlak nak a laia, ram neitu nihna an han chang tur hi kan remti lo," a ti.
"He dan hrechiang tan chuan Mizorama hman ve hi duh chi-ah kan ngai lo a, politics-a Tuikuk leh Chakma te vote hui tumnaa hman kan remti lo bawk. Kan political party te pawh kan ngen duh; mahni party hamthatna tur ngaihtuah lovin, Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n min vote ang em tih te ngaihtuah lovin Mizo tana tha chauh ngaihtuah chungin he dan chungchang hi rel rawh se," a ti bawk.
MLA hlui, advocate Lalsawta chuan "Mizo ni lo te'n Mizoramah ram an neih theihna tur" tiin he dan chungchang a sawi.
Fimkhur tul a tih thu sawiin, "A awmziaah chuan kan ramah Tuikuk leh Chakma, Scheduled Tribe zawng zawng te'n ram neitu nihna an chang dawn tihna a ni a, chu chu kam remti tak zet em? Kan hnam tan a tha em? House hian thutlukna dik lo a siam a nih chuan tun hnu zelah pawh beih an nuam khawp ang," a ti bawk.
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Manipur-a Zofate zinkawng
¢ Vanlalremruata Tonson
An tan mi thar ka nih leh nih loh ka hre lo a, ka tan chuan mi thar an ni lo. Ka va bia a, kan lo inhriat tawhna hrechhuak thei khawpin thil an hre rei thei niin ka hria. India ram university hmingthang Jawaharlal Nehru University leh Delhi University chhuakte an ni. Zo hnahthlak inpumkhatna chungchang sawi turah ka lo dah ngai lo. University atang hian hnam rilru a chhuak thin tih chu ka hre ve a, Naga human rights movement pawh JNU atanga chhuak a ni tih an sawi pawh ka beng chuan a hre tawh. Zo hnahthlakte tan chuan university atang hian 'employment' bak beisei tur a awm dawn lo a ni awm mang e, ka ti thin. University leh zirna in dangahte Zofa chhuanawm tak tak chanchin ka hre ve fo. Hlawh tam tak neiin hna an thawk a, an changkang hle tih bak an chanchin ka hre zui vak thin lo. A then phei chu an hnathawhnaah a 'corrupt' pawla sawite an ni thin.
Mahse, October ni 22-23 chhunga Manipur thingtlang khaw pakhat Songtal-a Zomi Human Rights Foundation (ZHRF)-in "Challenges and Issues Facing Indigenous People" tih thupui hmanga seminar an huaihawtah chuan tawngkam thiam thu ni lovin an zir thiamna leh hriatna atangin Zo hnahthlakte thendarh kan lo nih dan leh insuihkhawm leh a tulzia te, British sorkar leh India sorkarin min en dante an khel a, an hre thuk hle.
Zo hnahthlakte Bangladesh, Burma leh India-a thendarh chungchang chu seminar-a resource person-te sawi tam ber pakhat a ni. Zo hnahthlakte indigenous people kan nih chungchang pawh an sawi uar hle. "Indigenous Tribal Peoples: A Historical Study of Zo Struggle" tih buatsaihtu Dr David Vumlianlal Zou chuan "Chin-Lushai Conference 1892"-in Zo hnahthlakte rorelna pakhat hnuaia dahkhawm chu British administrator-te'n mahni hma an sial lutuk avangin tihhlawhtlin a ni ta lo tih hemi chungchanga research lo bei tawhtu Dr Pum Khan Pau chuan hmuchhuakin Indian Historical Review 34(1)-ah "Administrative Rivalries on a Frontier: Problem of the Chin-Lushai Hills" tiin a lo chhuah tawh tih a tarlang a, chu chu Government of India Act 1935 hian a nemnghet leh ta niin a sawi. Hemi chungchangah hian "The Idea of India" tih ziaktu Sunil Khilani tawngkam hawhin, "A shared ancestral territory got severed by the hasty scrawl of an imperial pen between India and Burma" (Pi leh pute atanga an ram chu India leh Burma thentu roreltute pen vangin hmanhmawh leh fimkhur lo takin a rin phel ta a ni) a ti.
British administrator-te avanga Chin-Lushai Conference 1892 tihhlawhtlin a nih loh chungchangah "Imagining Community beyond Tribes: The Way Ahead" tih paper ziaktu Dr L Lam Khan Piang pawhin Zo hnahthlakte thendarhna bul intanna a ni, a ti. Ani chuan Zo hnahthlakte hi Burma atanga Mizoram, Manipur leh hmung hrang hranga pem ta anga sawi chu a pawm lo a, hnam a thanga chuvangin Zo hnahthlakte chu an tai darh ta a ni zawk, a ti.
Indigenous rights chungchangah Lam Khan Piang chuan ram leilung fate'n ram leh leilung hausakna chi hrang hrangah thuneihna an neihna tur a nih avangin he rights hi tribal-te neih tir ve loh tumna a lian hle niin a sawi. Tribal-te'n he rights an neih ve theih lohna turin tawngkam 'adivasi' tih chu anthropologist leh sociologist te zingah pawh hmang duh zawk an tam thu a sawichhuak. Hetih rual hian anthropology-ah chuan indigenous tih leh tribe tihte chu thil thuhmun ang renga hman a nih thin thu a sawi bawk. International Labour Organisation (ILO)-in a vawi khatna atan 1957 khan indigenous rights chungchanga convention an nei a, ILO Convention 107 tia sawi niin India pawhin a pawm nghe nghe. Convention chu 1989 khan hnam tenau zawkte chimral an nihna kawnga humhim an nih theihna turin ennawn niin, ILO Convention 169 tia sawi a ni a, India chuan a pawm ve duh ta lo a ni. India chuan tribal-te hi hnam lian zawkah lutin an ral thin (India chu culture hrang hrang melting pot a ni) tih changchawiin ILO Convention 169 chu a pawm ve duh ta lo tih a tarlang a. Hemi chungchanga India tanchhan hi Scheduled Tribes thliarhranna chungchanga Backward Commission Report 1955 nen a inkalh tih pawh a tarlang bawk.
India hruaitute chuan zalenna an sual laiin self-determination thuthlung (ILO Convention 169-in a sawi) hi an thlawp nain indepedent hnua hruaitute chuan hemi chungchanga international convention chu an pawm duh ve ta lo a ni, Lam Khan Piang chuan a ti nghe nghe.
UN Declaration on the Rights of the Indigenous Peoples hi India chuan a pawm a, mahse, he thupuan hian ram awmsa thendarh nana hman tur a nih loh thu a sawi thung.
Indigenous chungchangah hian David Vumlianlal chuan tribal-te humhalh an ngaih thu hi Verrier Elwin-a'n The Aboriginals tih lehkhabu a ziak a tanga rawn intan a nih ber thu a sawi. India nationalist-te chuan an duh lo hle a, sociologist lar tak Prof GS Ghurye chuan "The Aborigines – So Called – and Their Future" tih ziakin a chhang zui nghal niin a sawi. Prof Ghurye chuan tribal-te chu Hindu hnufual zual leh Hindu huangchhunga la lut tur angin a sawi a ni. India independent hnuah hian nationalist ethnographer reng reng chuan indigenous tribe leh India society lian zawk chu sawi zawm an tum tang tang niin David chuan a sawi a. Indigenous culture chu little tradition tia sawiin Indian (Hindu tihna) tradition-a la lut tho tur angin an sawi thin niin a sawi. Hei hi indigenous peoples chuan an tuar hle niin a sawi bawk.
1980 chhoa Sulbeltern Studies a rawn lar chhoh khan tribal-te'n ngaihsak an hlawh ve deuh hnuah pawh Subaltern historian lar tak Sumit Sarkar chuan tribal-te danglam mah se politics thlenga India mipui nawlpui laka hrang hrangah an inngai tur a ni lo, a la tih tang tang thu David chuan a tarlang.
Indian society-ah hian Sanskritization tih tih a awm a, chu chu Hindu society-a caste hniam zawkte'n an khawsakna leh dinhmun a lo changkan hnua caste sang zawk an zawm thin sawina a ni. Caste hniam zawkte chu caste sang zawkah chho zel tura ngaih a ni a, tribal-te pawhin lonei (peasant caste) an zawm ang a, chumi hnuah caste sang zawk an kaichho ve zel dawn niah an ngai a ni. Tribal-te hi sakhua nei mumal lo animist-ah ngaih tlat an ni a, hei hi mahnia sakhua lo nei ve tawh Zo hnahthlakte sawi nan chuan rem thei lo mah se indigenous rights chhawr thei lo tura dan behna hmanrua tha tak chu a lo ni thin tlat a ni. David-a chuan Zo hnahthlakte sakhaw hming chu Sakhua niin a sawi a, saptawnga a ziaknaah paw Sakhua religion a ti ngat a ni. Hnam nih phung pangngai la ni lo, nakina an lo changkan ve deuh huna India mipui nawlpui nena an inchiahpiah huna Hindu caste pakhata bet mai tur, chumi hnuah Sanskritization luipuiin a lak tel ve tur ang deuha ngaihna a awm a ni.
Post-colonial period-ah pawh South Asia ramte chuan indigenous rights hi a thuphung chuan an pawm ve tak nain a tak takah chuan an thil tih dan nen a inkalh fo niin David Vumlianlal chuan a sawi.
"Post colonial nation-states increasingly realize that they cannot afford hot wars between states, but thei are engaged in cold wars with indigenous peoples and minority nationalities that are fielding resistance forces," a ti (Ram leh ram indo chu an tlin lo tih an hrechiang telh telh a, chutih lai chuan anmahni khingtu indigenous peoples leh hna tenau zawkte chu a rukin (cold war-in) an bei reng tho).
India, Bangladesh leh Pakistan te chu khawvela mihring tamna ber ram 10 zingah an tel tih sawiin David-a chuan hmasawnna tak tak kalpui nan thil tul natural resources chu indigenous peoples te luah ramah hian a awm si a, Bangladesh leh Pakistan phei chu indigenous laka an chet danah hian sawisel an ni fo tih a sawi. Bangladesh chungchang a sawi zuinaah Bernard Q Nietschmann, University of California Berkeley sawi dan, "The outward movement of lowland Bengali people has long been a demographic reality and threat to the adjacent nations of hill peoples such as Assamese (India) and the Chakmas (Chittagong Hill Tracts)," a ti. (Phaizawla cheng Bengali mipuite tawlhchhuak hi an an thenawm tlang rama cheng Assamese (India) leh Chakma (Chittagong Hill Tracts) te tan chuan thil hlauhawm a ni tak tak tawh).
Nietschmann-a'n hemi chungchang sawi nan Fourth World (indigenous peoples a sawina) a hmang tih sawiin David chuan University of California Berkeley mithiam thusawi chu hetiang hian a chhawp chhuak bawk:
"Third World Colonialism has replaced European colonialism as the principal global force that tries to subjugate indigenous peoples… Invasion and occupation of indigenous nations once done by foreiogn white expansionist are now done by foreign brown expansionist power… Most Fourth World indigenous nations have maintains the quality of lands, waters and resources while Third World states have not. Systems that do work are being destroyed to prolong systems that don't work. Over one-half of the world's conflicts are being fought over Fourth World geography, not East-West politics, or North-South economics. The development and modernization of Third World states is heavily dependent upon the invasion and annexation of Fourth World nations."
(Third World-in mi ram an va awp chu Europe hovin mi ram an va awp thin thlakna a lo ni a, chu chu indigenous rah beh tum dan lar ber a ni… Tun hmain pawnlammi- mingo ram zauh duhtute'n indigenous hnamte an run a, an thuhnuaia an dah thin ang chu pawn lam mi mibuangte'n an ti ta a ni… Fourth World indigenous hnamte chuan an leilung, tui leh hausakna dang awmte an tichhe lo deuh vek a, Third World erawh chuan chungte chu an vawnhim sak ve lo. An kalphung tangkai takte chu kalphung tangkai loin a tichhe tlat. Khawvela buaina zahve chu Fourth World-a thleng a ni a, East-West politics a ni lo va, North-South economics a ni hek lo. Third World ramte hmasawnna leh tunlai khawvel ruala ke an penna chu Fourth Wolrd hnamte an run leh an lakah hian a innghat a ni).
Hemi chungchangah hian India-ah chuan indigenous peoples nena an kar boruak tang lutuk tur chu Sixth Schedule hian eng emaw chenah chuan a veng nain a chang chuan India hian indigenous tribal-te chu a palzut deuh thin - Nehru hun lai pawh khan Naga buaina chu sipai chakna nen beih vak a ni tih David chuan a sawi. Mizoram buaina chungchangah Indira Gandhi hun lai khan India chuan hetiang tho hian thil a kalpui a nih kha.
Sixth Schedule-ah hian an hnam nunphunga India mite nena inzawmna neite leh indigenous tribal-te inchen pawlhna Tripura leh Manipur chu huam tel a ni lo va, chu chu tribal chuan an tuar tih David chuan a tarlang bawk. Hemiah pawh hian India nationalist-ten tribal-te chimralna remchang an zawn dan chu a hriatthiam theih a ni.
Postcolonial vanduaina chuan Manipur Zohnahthlakte chu a thendarh ta nuai a, tawng thuah pawh an lung a rual thei ta lo. Hmun dangah chuan Kristian-na avanga ziak leh chhiar lama hmasawnna lo awm chuan indigenous people te thuikhawm turin tawng vawrh bik a nei. Khasi zingah chuan British administrator-te hian Shella tawng chu hmansak mah se Welsh missionary-te tawng hman Sohra chu lehkha ziak nana an hman ber a ni. Mizo zingah chuan Lusei tawng hi missionary-te'n an han chawivul a, lalho tawng hman ber a ni bawk a, a remchang hle. Mahse, awptu hrang hrang hnuaia awm Zo hnahthlak zingah hrang hrang atangin Bible chu tawng chi hrang hranga lehlin a lo ni a, tawng khata luan zana tur chu a phirsi ta ni-ah David-a paper atang hian ngaihdan a siam theih.
Missionary-te khan ziak lamah tan an la a, chanchinbute an lo siam a. An chanchinbu siam chu hnam bil tan a ni lo a, chuvangin Zo nihna pawh an lo tuh nghet nghet hman viau niin David-a chuan a sawi bawk.
Paper present-tu dang S Thangkhangin Ngaihte chuan Manipur-a Zohnahthlakte chuan an rights hi tu sorkar hnenah mah an la pe lo a, India sorkar emaw Manipur sorkar emaw hnuaia awm tur pawhin thuthlung an la siam ngai lo niin a sawi. |awng chungchanga paper present-tu S Dal Sian Pau chuan linguist-te ngaihdanah chuan Zo hnahthlak tawng hrang hrangte hi tawng pakhat vek a ni a, an zirtirtute chuan tawng chi hrang hrang anga a awm nuai mai chu mak an ti zawk thin niin a sawi. Zohnahthlakte tan tawng pakhat a lo chhuah ngei a rin thu a sawi bawk.
Mithiam hrang hrangte chuan Zo hnahthlakte inpumkhatna chungchang hi an sawi uar ber ni maiin ka hria a, Mizoramah chuan lehkhathiamin indigenous people chungchang hi ngaihven turah an ngai tlat lo thung niin ka hre bawk. UN-in Indigenous Rights chungchanga thupuan a neih te pawh hi suangtuahna leh duhthusam thil, a taka chang tur awm tak tak lo niah an ngai hlawm ber niin kan hria. Ka va telna seminar-ah erawh chuan mithiamte indigenous rights chungchangte an sawi a, an dinhmunin a zir lo a, ngaihtuah lo thei lo dinhmunah an ding a nih pawhin kei chuan nationalism chu truth lo la lang chhuak tur a nih dan tarlangtu niah ka ngai mai.
Thusawitu hrang hrang hian an thusawiah Zohnahthlak pum huam tumin Mizoram pawh an lam tel fo nain an rahbi hmasa ber tur chu Manipur-a Zohnahthlakte an damkhawchhuak theih nana Zomi emawa intelkhawm a nih ka ring. Seminar huaiawttute leh ka kal ve theihna tura ruahmanna min siamsaktu pawh Zomi Human Rights Foundation an ni. Tichuan hmun hrang hrangah Zo hnamte chu an indigenous rights chan ngei tumin an thawk suau suau ang a, hmun thenkhatah chuan Zomi, a thenah Mizo, Chin etc hmingtein an che hlawm ang a, a tawpah Zo chu an kheuh chhuak dawn niin ka ring ta ber.
Mi chuan lehlama Chin, lehlama Mizo, lehlama Zomi etc chu inthendarhna lam hawiah an ngai ngei ang, ka thlir venaah chuan inthendarh hlen tak tak tur chuan thil eng emaw tak nghawng nei na deuh a awm ka ring. Manipur-ah an inhlawmkhawm theih hma chuan hnem tenau chi hrang hrangin an lo inthen thin a, chumi hman chuan an Zo nihna theuh an lo vawnghim tawh a, tunah chuan a aia lian zawk Zomi-ah an inhlawm khawm tan dawn ni berin ka hmu. Mizoram leh Manipur ramri thiat thei tur khawpa an la tangho thei a nih chuan Zo an hnaih tawh viau awm mang e, ka ti a. Kan han kalna seminar-ah pawh Phurhhlan siamin ke an pen dawn tan chauh niah ka ngai a nih chu.
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An tan mi thar ka nih leh nih loh ka hre lo a, ka tan chuan mi thar an ni lo. Ka va bia a, kan lo inhriat tawhna hrechhuak thei khawpin thil an hre rei thei niin ka hria. India ram university hmingthang Jawaharlal Nehru University leh Delhi University chhuakte an ni. Zo hnahthlak inpumkhatna chungchang sawi turah ka lo dah ngai lo. University atang hian hnam rilru a chhuak thin tih chu ka hre ve a, Naga human rights movement pawh JNU atanga chhuak a ni tih an sawi pawh ka beng chuan a hre tawh. Zo hnahthlakte tan chuan university atang hian 'employment' bak beisei tur a awm dawn lo a ni awm mang e, ka ti thin. University leh zirna in dangahte Zofa chhuanawm tak tak chanchin ka hre ve fo. Hlawh tam tak neiin hna an thawk a, an changkang hle tih bak an chanchin ka hre zui vak thin lo. A then phei chu an hnathawhnaah a 'corrupt' pawla sawite an ni thin.
Mahse, October ni 22-23 chhunga Manipur thingtlang khaw pakhat Songtal-a Zomi Human Rights Foundation (ZHRF)-in "Challenges and Issues Facing Indigenous People" tih thupui hmanga seminar an huaihawtah chuan tawngkam thiam thu ni lovin an zir thiamna leh hriatna atangin Zo hnahthlakte thendarh kan lo nih dan leh insuihkhawm leh a tulzia te, British sorkar leh India sorkarin min en dante an khel a, an hre thuk hle.
Zo hnahthlakte Bangladesh, Burma leh India-a thendarh chungchang chu seminar-a resource person-te sawi tam ber pakhat a ni. Zo hnahthlakte indigenous people kan nih chungchang pawh an sawi uar hle. "Indigenous Tribal Peoples: A Historical Study of Zo Struggle" tih buatsaihtu Dr David Vumlianlal Zou chuan "Chin-Lushai Conference 1892"-in Zo hnahthlakte rorelna pakhat hnuaia dahkhawm chu British administrator-te'n mahni hma an sial lutuk avangin tihhlawhtlin a ni ta lo tih hemi chungchanga research lo bei tawhtu Dr Pum Khan Pau chuan hmuchhuakin Indian Historical Review 34(1)-ah "Administrative Rivalries on a Frontier: Problem of the Chin-Lushai Hills" tiin a lo chhuah tawh tih a tarlang a, chu chu Government of India Act 1935 hian a nemnghet leh ta niin a sawi. Hemi chungchangah hian "The Idea of India" tih ziaktu Sunil Khilani tawngkam hawhin, "A shared ancestral territory got severed by the hasty scrawl of an imperial pen between India and Burma" (Pi leh pute atanga an ram chu India leh Burma thentu roreltute pen vangin hmanhmawh leh fimkhur lo takin a rin phel ta a ni) a ti.
British administrator-te avanga Chin-Lushai Conference 1892 tihhlawhtlin a nih loh chungchangah "Imagining Community beyond Tribes: The Way Ahead" tih paper ziaktu Dr L Lam Khan Piang pawhin Zo hnahthlakte thendarhna bul intanna a ni, a ti. Ani chuan Zo hnahthlakte hi Burma atanga Mizoram, Manipur leh hmung hrang hranga pem ta anga sawi chu a pawm lo a, hnam a thanga chuvangin Zo hnahthlakte chu an tai darh ta a ni zawk, a ti.
Indigenous rights chungchangah Lam Khan Piang chuan ram leilung fate'n ram leh leilung hausakna chi hrang hrangah thuneihna an neihna tur a nih avangin he rights hi tribal-te neih tir ve loh tumna a lian hle niin a sawi. Tribal-te'n he rights an neih ve theih lohna turin tawngkam 'adivasi' tih chu anthropologist leh sociologist te zingah pawh hmang duh zawk an tam thu a sawichhuak. Hetih rual hian anthropology-ah chuan indigenous tih leh tribe tihte chu thil thuhmun ang renga hman a nih thin thu a sawi bawk. International Labour Organisation (ILO)-in a vawi khatna atan 1957 khan indigenous rights chungchanga convention an nei a, ILO Convention 107 tia sawi niin India pawhin a pawm nghe nghe. Convention chu 1989 khan hnam tenau zawkte chimral an nihna kawnga humhim an nih theihna turin ennawn niin, ILO Convention 169 tia sawi a ni a, India chuan a pawm ve duh ta lo a ni. India chuan tribal-te hi hnam lian zawkah lutin an ral thin (India chu culture hrang hrang melting pot a ni) tih changchawiin ILO Convention 169 chu a pawm ve duh ta lo tih a tarlang a. Hemi chungchanga India tanchhan hi Scheduled Tribes thliarhranna chungchanga Backward Commission Report 1955 nen a inkalh tih pawh a tarlang bawk.
India hruaitute chuan zalenna an sual laiin self-determination thuthlung (ILO Convention 169-in a sawi) hi an thlawp nain indepedent hnua hruaitute chuan hemi chungchanga international convention chu an pawm duh ve ta lo a ni, Lam Khan Piang chuan a ti nghe nghe.
UN Declaration on the Rights of the Indigenous Peoples hi India chuan a pawm a, mahse, he thupuan hian ram awmsa thendarh nana hman tur a nih loh thu a sawi thung.
Indigenous chungchangah hian David Vumlianlal chuan tribal-te humhalh an ngaih thu hi Verrier Elwin-a'n The Aboriginals tih lehkhabu a ziak a tanga rawn intan a nih ber thu a sawi. India nationalist-te chuan an duh lo hle a, sociologist lar tak Prof GS Ghurye chuan "The Aborigines – So Called – and Their Future" tih ziakin a chhang zui nghal niin a sawi. Prof Ghurye chuan tribal-te chu Hindu hnufual zual leh Hindu huangchhunga la lut tur angin a sawi a ni. India independent hnuah hian nationalist ethnographer reng reng chuan indigenous tribe leh India society lian zawk chu sawi zawm an tum tang tang niin David chuan a sawi a. Indigenous culture chu little tradition tia sawiin Indian (Hindu tihna) tradition-a la lut tho tur angin an sawi thin niin a sawi. Hei hi indigenous peoples chuan an tuar hle niin a sawi bawk.
1980 chhoa Sulbeltern Studies a rawn lar chhoh khan tribal-te'n ngaihsak an hlawh ve deuh hnuah pawh Subaltern historian lar tak Sumit Sarkar chuan tribal-te danglam mah se politics thlenga India mipui nawlpui laka hrang hrangah an inngai tur a ni lo, a la tih tang tang thu David chuan a tarlang.
Indian society-ah hian Sanskritization tih tih a awm a, chu chu Hindu society-a caste hniam zawkte'n an khawsakna leh dinhmun a lo changkan hnua caste sang zawk an zawm thin sawina a ni. Caste hniam zawkte chu caste sang zawkah chho zel tura ngaih a ni a, tribal-te pawhin lonei (peasant caste) an zawm ang a, chumi hnuah caste sang zawk an kaichho ve zel dawn niah an ngai a ni. Tribal-te hi sakhua nei mumal lo animist-ah ngaih tlat an ni a, hei hi mahnia sakhua lo nei ve tawh Zo hnahthlakte sawi nan chuan rem thei lo mah se indigenous rights chhawr thei lo tura dan behna hmanrua tha tak chu a lo ni thin tlat a ni. David-a chuan Zo hnahthlakte sakhaw hming chu Sakhua niin a sawi a, saptawnga a ziaknaah paw Sakhua religion a ti ngat a ni. Hnam nih phung pangngai la ni lo, nakina an lo changkan ve deuh huna India mipui nawlpui nena an inchiahpiah huna Hindu caste pakhata bet mai tur, chumi hnuah Sanskritization luipuiin a lak tel ve tur ang deuha ngaihna a awm a ni.
Post-colonial period-ah pawh South Asia ramte chuan indigenous rights hi a thuphung chuan an pawm ve tak nain a tak takah chuan an thil tih dan nen a inkalh fo niin David Vumlianlal chuan a sawi.
"Post colonial nation-states increasingly realize that they cannot afford hot wars between states, but thei are engaged in cold wars with indigenous peoples and minority nationalities that are fielding resistance forces," a ti (Ram leh ram indo chu an tlin lo tih an hrechiang telh telh a, chutih lai chuan anmahni khingtu indigenous peoples leh hna tenau zawkte chu a rukin (cold war-in) an bei reng tho).
India, Bangladesh leh Pakistan te chu khawvela mihring tamna ber ram 10 zingah an tel tih sawiin David-a chuan hmasawnna tak tak kalpui nan thil tul natural resources chu indigenous peoples te luah ramah hian a awm si a, Bangladesh leh Pakistan phei chu indigenous laka an chet danah hian sawisel an ni fo tih a sawi. Bangladesh chungchang a sawi zuinaah Bernard Q Nietschmann, University of California Berkeley sawi dan, "The outward movement of lowland Bengali people has long been a demographic reality and threat to the adjacent nations of hill peoples such as Assamese (India) and the Chakmas (Chittagong Hill Tracts)," a ti. (Phaizawla cheng Bengali mipuite tawlhchhuak hi an an thenawm tlang rama cheng Assamese (India) leh Chakma (Chittagong Hill Tracts) te tan chuan thil hlauhawm a ni tak tak tawh).
Nietschmann-a'n hemi chungchang sawi nan Fourth World (indigenous peoples a sawina) a hmang tih sawiin David chuan University of California Berkeley mithiam thusawi chu hetiang hian a chhawp chhuak bawk:
"Third World Colonialism has replaced European colonialism as the principal global force that tries to subjugate indigenous peoples… Invasion and occupation of indigenous nations once done by foreiogn white expansionist are now done by foreign brown expansionist power… Most Fourth World indigenous nations have maintains the quality of lands, waters and resources while Third World states have not. Systems that do work are being destroyed to prolong systems that don't work. Over one-half of the world's conflicts are being fought over Fourth World geography, not East-West politics, or North-South economics. The development and modernization of Third World states is heavily dependent upon the invasion and annexation of Fourth World nations."
(Third World-in mi ram an va awp chu Europe hovin mi ram an va awp thin thlakna a lo ni a, chu chu indigenous rah beh tum dan lar ber a ni… Tun hmain pawnlammi- mingo ram zauh duhtute'n indigenous hnamte an run a, an thuhnuaia an dah thin ang chu pawn lam mi mibuangte'n an ti ta a ni… Fourth World indigenous hnamte chuan an leilung, tui leh hausakna dang awmte an tichhe lo deuh vek a, Third World erawh chuan chungte chu an vawnhim sak ve lo. An kalphung tangkai takte chu kalphung tangkai loin a tichhe tlat. Khawvela buaina zahve chu Fourth World-a thleng a ni a, East-West politics a ni lo va, North-South economics a ni hek lo. Third World ramte hmasawnna leh tunlai khawvel ruala ke an penna chu Fourth Wolrd hnamte an run leh an lakah hian a innghat a ni).
Hemi chungchangah hian India-ah chuan indigenous peoples nena an kar boruak tang lutuk tur chu Sixth Schedule hian eng emaw chenah chuan a veng nain a chang chuan India hian indigenous tribal-te chu a palzut deuh thin - Nehru hun lai pawh khan Naga buaina chu sipai chakna nen beih vak a ni tih David chuan a sawi. Mizoram buaina chungchangah Indira Gandhi hun lai khan India chuan hetiang tho hian thil a kalpui a nih kha.
Sixth Schedule-ah hian an hnam nunphunga India mite nena inzawmna neite leh indigenous tribal-te inchen pawlhna Tripura leh Manipur chu huam tel a ni lo va, chu chu tribal chuan an tuar tih David chuan a tarlang bawk. Hemiah pawh hian India nationalist-ten tribal-te chimralna remchang an zawn dan chu a hriatthiam theih a ni.
Postcolonial vanduaina chuan Manipur Zohnahthlakte chu a thendarh ta nuai a, tawng thuah pawh an lung a rual thei ta lo. Hmun dangah chuan Kristian-na avanga ziak leh chhiar lama hmasawnna lo awm chuan indigenous people te thuikhawm turin tawng vawrh bik a nei. Khasi zingah chuan British administrator-te hian Shella tawng chu hmansak mah se Welsh missionary-te tawng hman Sohra chu lehkha ziak nana an hman ber a ni. Mizo zingah chuan Lusei tawng hi missionary-te'n an han chawivul a, lalho tawng hman ber a ni bawk a, a remchang hle. Mahse, awptu hrang hrang hnuaia awm Zo hnahthlak zingah hrang hrang atangin Bible chu tawng chi hrang hranga lehlin a lo ni a, tawng khata luan zana tur chu a phirsi ta ni-ah David-a paper atang hian ngaihdan a siam theih.
Missionary-te khan ziak lamah tan an la a, chanchinbute an lo siam a. An chanchinbu siam chu hnam bil tan a ni lo a, chuvangin Zo nihna pawh an lo tuh nghet nghet hman viau niin David-a chuan a sawi bawk.
Paper present-tu dang S Thangkhangin Ngaihte chuan Manipur-a Zohnahthlakte chuan an rights hi tu sorkar hnenah mah an la pe lo a, India sorkar emaw Manipur sorkar emaw hnuaia awm tur pawhin thuthlung an la siam ngai lo niin a sawi. |awng chungchanga paper present-tu S Dal Sian Pau chuan linguist-te ngaihdanah chuan Zo hnahthlak tawng hrang hrangte hi tawng pakhat vek a ni a, an zirtirtute chuan tawng chi hrang hrang anga a awm nuai mai chu mak an ti zawk thin niin a sawi. Zohnahthlakte tan tawng pakhat a lo chhuah ngei a rin thu a sawi bawk.
Mithiam hrang hrangte chuan Zo hnahthlakte inpumkhatna chungchang hi an sawi uar ber ni maiin ka hria a, Mizoramah chuan lehkhathiamin indigenous people chungchang hi ngaihven turah an ngai tlat lo thung niin ka hre bawk. UN-in Indigenous Rights chungchanga thupuan a neih te pawh hi suangtuahna leh duhthusam thil, a taka chang tur awm tak tak lo niah an ngai hlawm ber niin kan hria. Ka va telna seminar-ah erawh chuan mithiamte indigenous rights chungchangte an sawi a, an dinhmunin a zir lo a, ngaihtuah lo thei lo dinhmunah an ding a nih pawhin kei chuan nationalism chu truth lo la lang chhuak tur a nih dan tarlangtu niah ka ngai mai.
Thusawitu hrang hrang hian an thusawiah Zohnahthlak pum huam tumin Mizoram pawh an lam tel fo nain an rahbi hmasa ber tur chu Manipur-a Zohnahthlakte an damkhawchhuak theih nana Zomi emawa intelkhawm a nih ka ring. Seminar huaiawttute leh ka kal ve theihna tura ruahmanna min siamsaktu pawh Zomi Human Rights Foundation an ni. Tichuan hmun hrang hrangah Zo hnamte chu an indigenous rights chan ngei tumin an thawk suau suau ang a, hmun thenkhatah chuan Zomi, a thenah Mizo, Chin etc hmingtein an che hlawm ang a, a tawpah Zo chu an kheuh chhuak dawn niin ka ring ta ber.
Mi chuan lehlama Chin, lehlama Mizo, lehlama Zomi etc chu inthendarhna lam hawiah an ngai ngei ang, ka thlir venaah chuan inthendarh hlen tak tak tur chuan thil eng emaw tak nghawng nei na deuh a awm ka ring. Manipur-ah an inhlawmkhawm theih hma chuan hnem tenau chi hrang hrangin an lo inthen thin a, chumi hman chuan an Zo nihna theuh an lo vawnghim tawh a, tunah chuan a aia lian zawk Zomi-ah an inhlawm khawm tan dawn ni berin ka hmu. Mizoram leh Manipur ramri thiat thei tur khawpa an la tangho thei a nih chuan Zo an hnaih tawh viau awm mang e, ka ti a. Kan han kalna seminar-ah pawh Phurhhlan siamin ke an pen dawn tan chauh niah ka ngai a nih chu.
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Zoluti kha khawi atangin nge an laklet?
A hming chu Mary Winchester a ni a, Mizote chuan 'Zoluti' tiin kan ko. Bengkhuaia pasalthate'n a pa an that a, an hruai haw ta a, kum khat vel zet Bengkhuaia te chuan an enkawl a nih kha. Saphoin an rawn lalet a, khawi khua atangin nge an laklet tih chu a chiang ta lo. Sailam atangin an lalet ti an awm a, Kawlri atangin an lalet ti an awm bawk.
Kuminah hian Khawvel Sunday School Ni-ah Presbyterian Kohhran chuan naupang lamah Zoluti chanchin hi an zir a, chu zirlaibu-ah chuan Zoluti chu Sailam atangin an lalet ti-a ziak a ni. Serchhip khaw mi thenkhatin chu chu an pawm lo a, zirlaibu hi an hal nghe nghe. Mizoram history-a hmun pawimawh tak pakhat chu a hmun chiah hriatchian a ni rih lo a, inhnialna pawh a chhuak fo reng a ni.
Mizo History Association chuan hemi chungchang hi an lo zir tawh a, July ni 4, 1995-ah khan thutlukna siamin, Zolutin chu Sailam atanga laklet a ni, an ti. Mahse, pawm an awm a, pawm lo pawh an awm.
Pachhunga University College-a history zirtirtu Dr JV Hluna chuan Zoluti lakletna khua chu Sailam a ni tiin Zozam Weekly a hrilh.
"Zoluti rawn hawntu pasaltha khan Kawlri-ah a kawl a, thla 3 vel emaw hnuah Bengkhuaia chuan 'mi danglam a ni' tiin Sailam-ah a hawn a, Sailam atang chuan saphovin an rawn lalet ta a ni tih chu kan ngaihdan a ni," a ti. Ani hian Mizo History Association thutlukna chu a behchhan a ni.
Zoluti kha Alexandrapur atangin Bengkhuaia pasaltha Chemchawma'n a hawn tih chu pawm dan tlang lawn a ni a, Chemchawma hi Kawlri khawmi a ni. He'ng lai hian Kawlri leh Thenzawl te chu Sailam lal Bengkhuaia khua a ni a, Chemchawma hian Khawlri-ah a hawn ta tih thu-ah inhnialna a awm lem lo.
Mahse, Bengkhuaia'n Sailam-ah a la a, a kawl ta a. Lal in chu zu inna hmun a ni a, mi hrang hrang an lo lut chhuak a, Zoluti chu an piai nawk nawk thin nia sawi a ni. Chutiang hmuna a thanlen chu phal lovin Bengkhuaia khawnbawl upa Vansuakthanga hnenah an dah a, Vansuakthanga nupui Kaithiangi chu Zoluti enkawltu ber a ni.
Hemi chinah hi chuan ngaihdan a inrual niin a lang. An lakletna khua-ah hriat dan leh ngaihdan a inang ta lo a ni.
Nikum lama tihchhuah, Mizo history kan hriat dan tam tak rawn kalhtu "Zoram Vartian" chuan Zoluti hi Sailam atanga laklet niin a sawi. "Vailianin Zoluti an rawn laklet leh pawh khan Sailam atangin an lalet ta a ni," tih te, "Bengkhuaia khawnbawl upa Vansuakthanga nupui Kaithiangi'n duat taka a enkawl laiin Vailian hian an rawn la ta a ni," tih te he lehkhabu-ah hian hmuh tur a awm.
Lalsawmliana Pachuau (LPS) chuan Zoluti (Mary Winchester) chungchangah hian documentary film a siam tawh a, Zoluti lakletna khaw chungchang pawh a theih ang angin a lo chhui tawh.
Tun hma deuha a siam a ni a, a uluk hle nghe nghe a, ani ngaihdan chuan Serchhip leh Sailam te thu inchuh chu a dik thei ve ve.
"An 'claim' dan hi a dik ve ve theih dan a awmin ka hria a. Serchhip 'claim' dan leh Sailam 'claim' dan hi dawt an sawi lem lo ve vein ka hre tlat," a ti.
"Mary Winchester an rawn lakluh khan thlir dan hrang hrang atanga thlirin, Sailam atangin an lalut ngeiin ka hria a, mahse, an hawn leh na hmun hi Kawlri niin ka hmu tlat thung," a ti.
"A latu sipai zinga mi kha midang mut tawh hnuah a han chho a, chumi hmunah chuan zanah an inremna tur thu te an sawi a, haw lehin a zu mu leh hman tlat a," tia sawiin, "Sipaiho awmkhawmna atang khan zana kalin, haw leh tur chuan tlan chak a ngai lutukin ka hre tlat a, ke te pawhin kan han kal chhin vel a, Serchhip-ho 'claim' hi a dik theihna a awm a, an lakletna taka hi chu khati lampang kha a ang ka tia, chuti a nih loh chuan mihring pangngai tan chuan zan khat thil thua lehlang tur chuan a khirh viau ang," a ti.
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Kuminah hian Khawvel Sunday School Ni-ah Presbyterian Kohhran chuan naupang lamah Zoluti chanchin hi an zir a, chu zirlaibu-ah chuan Zoluti chu Sailam atangin an lalet ti-a ziak a ni. Serchhip khaw mi thenkhatin chu chu an pawm lo a, zirlaibu hi an hal nghe nghe. Mizoram history-a hmun pawimawh tak pakhat chu a hmun chiah hriatchian a ni rih lo a, inhnialna pawh a chhuak fo reng a ni.
Mizo History Association chuan hemi chungchang hi an lo zir tawh a, July ni 4, 1995-ah khan thutlukna siamin, Zolutin chu Sailam atanga laklet a ni, an ti. Mahse, pawm an awm a, pawm lo pawh an awm.
Pachhunga University College-a history zirtirtu Dr JV Hluna chuan Zoluti lakletna khua chu Sailam a ni tiin Zozam Weekly a hrilh.
"Zoluti rawn hawntu pasaltha khan Kawlri-ah a kawl a, thla 3 vel emaw hnuah Bengkhuaia chuan 'mi danglam a ni' tiin Sailam-ah a hawn a, Sailam atang chuan saphovin an rawn lalet ta a ni tih chu kan ngaihdan a ni," a ti. Ani hian Mizo History Association thutlukna chu a behchhan a ni.
Zoluti kha Alexandrapur atangin Bengkhuaia pasaltha Chemchawma'n a hawn tih chu pawm dan tlang lawn a ni a, Chemchawma hi Kawlri khawmi a ni. He'ng lai hian Kawlri leh Thenzawl te chu Sailam lal Bengkhuaia khua a ni a, Chemchawma hian Khawlri-ah a hawn ta tih thu-ah inhnialna a awm lem lo.
Mahse, Bengkhuaia'n Sailam-ah a la a, a kawl ta a. Lal in chu zu inna hmun a ni a, mi hrang hrang an lo lut chhuak a, Zoluti chu an piai nawk nawk thin nia sawi a ni. Chutiang hmuna a thanlen chu phal lovin Bengkhuaia khawnbawl upa Vansuakthanga hnenah an dah a, Vansuakthanga nupui Kaithiangi chu Zoluti enkawltu ber a ni.
Hemi chinah hi chuan ngaihdan a inrual niin a lang. An lakletna khua-ah hriat dan leh ngaihdan a inang ta lo a ni.
Nikum lama tihchhuah, Mizo history kan hriat dan tam tak rawn kalhtu "Zoram Vartian" chuan Zoluti hi Sailam atanga laklet niin a sawi. "Vailianin Zoluti an rawn laklet leh pawh khan Sailam atangin an lalet ta a ni," tih te, "Bengkhuaia khawnbawl upa Vansuakthanga nupui Kaithiangi'n duat taka a enkawl laiin Vailian hian an rawn la ta a ni," tih te he lehkhabu-ah hian hmuh tur a awm.
Lalsawmliana Pachuau (LPS) chuan Zoluti (Mary Winchester) chungchangah hian documentary film a siam tawh a, Zoluti lakletna khaw chungchang pawh a theih ang angin a lo chhui tawh.
Tun hma deuha a siam a ni a, a uluk hle nghe nghe a, ani ngaihdan chuan Serchhip leh Sailam te thu inchuh chu a dik thei ve ve.
"An 'claim' dan hi a dik ve ve theih dan a awmin ka hria a. Serchhip 'claim' dan leh Sailam 'claim' dan hi dawt an sawi lem lo ve vein ka hre tlat," a ti.
"Mary Winchester an rawn lakluh khan thlir dan hrang hrang atanga thlirin, Sailam atangin an lalut ngeiin ka hria a, mahse, an hawn leh na hmun hi Kawlri niin ka hmu tlat thung," a ti.
"A latu sipai zinga mi kha midang mut tawh hnuah a han chho a, chumi hmunah chuan zanah an inremna tur thu te an sawi a, haw lehin a zu mu leh hman tlat a," tia sawiin, "Sipaiho awmkhawmna atang khan zana kalin, haw leh tur chuan tlan chak a ngai lutukin ka hre tlat a, ke te pawhin kan han kal chhin vel a, Serchhip-ho 'claim' hi a dik theihna a awm a, an lakletna taka hi chu khati lampang kha a ang ka tia, chuti a nih loh chuan mihring pangngai tan chuan zan khat thil thua lehlang tur chuan a khirh viau ang," a ti.
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Nazareth Tlangvala leh Rebeki (Son of Man tih Veda Nayak-a ziaka mi, Bung 7-na, 'Yuong Woman In Love')
¢ Lettu : Lalhruaitluanga Chawngte
Tlangval pakhat, ft. 6 zeta sang, ruakhau tha tak mai hian lawngah hna a thawk a. Amah chu Isua, kum sawmhnih pakhata upa, hmuihmul dum tha hlep hlawp tak nei a ni. Chutia a thawh mawlh mawlh lai chuan Jakoba hi hmanhmawh takin a rawn tlan, ''Kan puin rawn kal thuai turin a ti che, i thil cheimawi kha pahnih rawn keng la. Saw, mi'n an dawr duh,'' a rawn ti a.
Isua chu hmanhmawh takin a va kal a, a unau te, Jakoba leh Josepha ten an zui bawk. A thil cheimawi chu - Kapernaum khaw lem, a background-a Galilli dil lem awm leh, pakhat chu Hermon tlang lem a ni. An va thlen chuan an pu chuan Isua thil lem cheimawite chu chhuang tak hian a'n en kual vel a, ''Man man tak lo chuan kan phal lo, a nalh dun em mai,'' tiin lei rawn tum pa pakhat, pa valai tak, enihnun hmel tak mai chu a'n melh a.
Tiang chuan an indawr ta a ni.
''Chibai, Isu, kan intawng hlauh chu ka va lawm em. Ezra ka ni a, Alexandria khawchhuak ka ni a, he khuaah hian kan rawn inbengbel thar ve a,'' a aw chu a ngaihnatawm hle. Tin, pa zahawm tak a ni bawk. A inthuamna te pawh chu a changkang hle a, he'ng lai Juda pa zahawm ber ber te ai paw'n a chankan zawk hmel tlat.
Isua chuan phawk deuh tak hian, ''Alexandria, Aigupta maw?'' a'n ti a.
''I hre thin e lo?'' a'n lo ti let a. A tir atang tawh khan he mi mizia hian a hip hle tawh a ni.
''Ka naupan laiin Aigupta ramah chuan kum hnih lai kan awm alawm,'' Isua chuan a ti a, Ezra chuan mak a ti hle,'' Galilli mi hi an chhuak vak lo viau emaw ka ti a,'' a'n ti a.
''Kum thum mi ka nihin ka nu ten min hawpui leh a; vawi khat na reng reng chu Alexandria chu han tlawh ka chak ngawt mai.''
Ezra chuan an ram mawizia leh library an neih thatzia te chu a sawi ta zel a, Isua chu a hip tak zet mai. Tichuan, an thil cheimawi chu a lei duh thu leh a man tur zat te chu sawiin a'n dawn ta a ni.
An hotupa chuan denarii (cheng?) sawmhnih a lo chhiar a, Isua erawh chuan denarii sawm a tawk a lo ti thung. Tin, an hotupa chuan lo insum deuh turin a'n melh ru a, mahse, a leitu bera chuan denarii sawmthuma lei a tum ta tlat a, tiang chuan an inrem ta a ni.
Pawisa pek pah chuan, ''Nazareth-a mi rinawm ka tawn hmasak ber i ni,'' a ti a, ''A len te pawh rawn leng ve la, Synagogue bul chiahah kan awm a.''
An hotupa chuan, ''Lunga sak in lian pui mai mawle,'' a lo ti a. Ezra pawh chuan, ''Nia, lunga sak in a nia, zawn hmuh a harsa lo ang,'' a lo ti ve bawk. Tin, Isua leh Jakoba chu a'n nuih sak a, duhsakna a hlan bawk a, tichuan a kal ta a ni.
A kal liam hnuah chuan an hotupa chuan Isua chu a commission ve tur a ngaihtuah pui lo tiin a'n vui khum deuh a. Isua erawh chuan, ''Chutianga ngaih tur a ni hlei nem. Denarii sawm zelah denarii khat hi i chan tur a ni a, hei, a chuang ka pe leh nghal che a, lawm viau turah ka lo ngai zawk che asin,'' a lo ti a. Ani pawh chuan, ''E, ka lawm teh reng e,'' a ti ve a, za vak lo chungin an nui ve a. Tin, leng tura a sawmna chu chhang ngei tura a duh thu a sawi zui bawk a. Isua'n a chhan an zawh chuan, ''Va kal la, i hre mai ang,'' tiin a chhang a.
Hun a liam zel a, Isua pawh chuan Ezra in chu a va zawngchhuak ta.
Ezra te in a va thleng a, ina lo awm te chu hawihhawm takin chibai a buk hlawm. Nula pakhat, sam dum hlap mai, hmeltha tak hian an chhiahhlawh nen thil cheimawi eng eng emaw an lo rem a, tin, Isua pawh chuan a pui ve nghal bawk. A thiamin a remhre tak zet mai, a hunna tur dik takah a ni a dah chat chat ni. Nula pawh chuan thiam a ti hle a, nakinah chuan tu nge a nih a zawt ta a ni.
''Ka hming chu Isua a ni, i pa hmu turin ka lo kal.''
''E, heng vel siamtu hi maw! Ka pa hian a sawi a sawi thin che alawm. |hu ve phawt la. Ka nu leh pa lah chu an awm mang si lo a,'' a ti bawrh bawrh a, tin, a hming chu Rebeki a nih thu a sawi bawk a.
''Kan inhmu a, a lawmawm e, Rebek. Khawi i rem leh ang, ka lo pui ang che,'' a'n ti a.
Nula chuan, ''Ka lawm ngawt ang,'' tiin a chhang a, tin, a lai deuh a.
Tichuan an tarmawite chu an rem dun ta a ni. Isua chu a remhriain thilmawi a hre tak zet mai. Nula chuan Kapernaum khaw lem kha a'n la chhuak a, chhiahhlawh hnenah chuan Isua chu a siamtu a nih thu te a hrilh a. Isua chuan, ''Hei in kawl mawi zawk daih a nih hi,'' a ti a. Tin, a pakhat zawk kha khawiah nge tia a'n zawh chuan Rebeki chuan, ''Ka pindanah ka tar, ka duh lutuk a. Mi 'creative' tak i va ni em,'' tiin a chhang a.
Isua chu a lawm ve hle mai. Rebeki mitmeng chu mawi a ti em em mai lehnghal. Mitmeng danglam tak a nih thu a hrilh hial. An thil tarmawi hrang hrang te chu an thlir kual dun a. Isua chu Rebeki chuan engtin emaw tak hian a khawih tlat.
Hmeichhia te chu a hmu ve fo a, Rebeki erawh chu a dang tlat.
An han ngawi dun vang vang a, nakinah chuan Isua chuan, ''I pa hian art a ngaina tak zet a nih hi,'' an rawn ti bauh a.
''Nia, a tui venna lam a nia.''
Rebeki chuan, ''Nazareth chu a dang khawp mai, Alexandria-ah chuan mite hian hetiang thilmawi hlut nachang hi an hre ve lo,'' a ti a.
Ezra hian a chhungte bulah Isua chanchin hi a sawi nasa hle a, ''A hmelthatna hi chu thuhran ni se, a rinawmzia kha a ni min hnehtu chu,'' tiin a sawi thin. Chutiang vel avang chuan a chhungte pawh hian Isua hi an lo ralkhat hriat ve hle a, Rebeki phei hi chuan hmuh ve pawh a lo chak hle thin.
Chutia Ezra art collection te an thlir kual pah chuan Isua chu a titi siam siam a, a thusawi pakhat, ''Dan hnuai sal ang maia awmte hian art leh thilmawi hi an hnualsuat thin a,'' tih chu Rebeki chuan a la fuh hle. ''Ka pa bulah sawi la, a lawm ngawt ang,'' a lo ti a. An titi dun zel a, Rebeki chuan, ''Takina, tukinah khan i farnu Miriami ka hmu tak asin,'' a'n ti hlut a, ''I farnu hi chuan a ngaisang ve ngawt mai che, aaa i farnu chang ni lo nula dang pawh hian an ngaisang hlawm che. Synagogue-ah pawh hian i thu sawi ni-ah hi chuan an inkhawm thup zel hi.''
Isuan, ''Thutakin a tir hlawm a ni ang chu,'' a'n tih chuan Rebeki chuan, 'Sermon ni lo thil dang a ni an inkhawm chhan chu,'' a lo ti. Tin, Isua chuan Sabbath leha thu a sawi tur thu te a'n sawi a, Rebeki chuan inkhawm ngei a tum thu a lo sawi ve bawk. Isua chu a lawm hle.
Rebeki chuan a pate lo haw hma chu leng turin a sawm na a, Isua erawh chuan haw deuh mai a duh thuin a chhang a, ni danga a la len leh zawk tur thu a sawi bawk. An han inmelh leh vang vang a, tichuan an inhawsan ta a ni.
Isua hian a farnu Miriami leh Jakoba hi an inngaizawng tlatin a hria a, vawi khat pawh huana inkai riala an leng dun lai a hmu fuh pek. Jakoba chu a zak hle a ni ang, a haw nal nal mai. Miriami pawh chu a lai hle a, mahse, Isua chuan zak lo turin a hrilh thung. An inkar boruak chu a'n zawt vel a, a ring dik chiah, an inngaizawng ngei e, thla hnih lai a lo ni tawh nghe nghe. Isua chuan pawi a ti lo, pawi a ti lo mai pawh a ni lo, Jakoba chu tlangval fel tak a nih avangin makpa atan pawh a duh hle zawk a ni. Tichuan hma a lakpui a, a nu te a hrilhsak nghe nghe. A nu pawh chuan tha a lo ti ve hlauh mai. Isua chuan, ''Mahse, in inneih hmain i nau Marthi hi in chhung sekrek khawih vel i zirtir thiam phawt a va ngai awm ve,'' tiin Miriami chu a hrilh a, tiang chuan chu'ng thil vel chu an chhungkua chuan an hlimpui hle.
Vawi khat chu Miriami chuan Isua chu eng tikah nge nupui neih a tum tih a zawt a. A chhan mai loh avang chuan Miriami chuan rawn tawng khalhin, ''Rebeki hi ka'n kawm ve ang e,'' a ti a. A sawi zel a, ''Ka tih pui ang che, Rebeki hian a duh tak zet che tih ka hria,'' a tih chuan an nauteho chu an nui dar dar mai. Isua chuan, ''Chutiang em atan chuan i la nau deuh e,'' a ti a, chu veleh a nu chuan, "A nih leh kei?'' a lo ti a, Isua chuan, "Chutiangah nu an inrawlh ngai lo,'' tiin a lo chhang a. A nu Mari chuan, "Mahse, Rebeki chu i duh si alawm,'' a ti leh hram a, Isua erawh chuan, "Nazareth hmeichhia zawng zawng hi ka ngaina vek alawm, Rebeki pawh telin," tiin a lo chhang mai. "Tiang chuan, Rebeki chu an tuipui tlang hle a ni. Isua chu a inngaihtuah nasa thin hle. Nupui neih hun an ni ve tawh a, engtia tih tur nge, neih nge tha neih loh tiin a inkhap a inkhap thin.
Synagogue-a Isua thusawi ni kha a lo thleng ta. A thusawinaah chuan, ''Nupui fel nei chuan malsawmna a dawng a ni,'' tih kha a'n chhiar a, Rebeki pawh a inkhawm, a nu- Naomi nen an ni nghe nghe.
Isua nu leh a farnute ho nen an thu tlar thap mai lehnghal. Isua lehkha chhiar chu Rebeki chuan a lo ngaihtuah zui nasa hle, ''Nupui fel leh nungchang tha tihah chuan ka tling zo ve ang em? Nula thianghlim, virgin chu ka ni ngei a, ka thinlung pawh he mi ka tawn hma kha chuan a la virgin a nih ngei kha,'' ti tein a lo inngaihtuah keuh keuh mai. Engpawhnise, Isua chuan a mit a la tak zet a, a thu sawi chhung zawng mai chuan a lo thlir ngawih ngawih mai. A en ning thei lo.
Isua thusawi chu a tui hle a, ''Nungchang mawi kan tih hian eng nge kan tum?'' tiin zawhna a siam a, "Nungchang mawi kan sawi hian kan rilruah hmeichhia an lo lang mai thin. A nih leh mipate hi hmeichhe laka kan fir ang hian kan awm thei em?'' ti tein chona a siam bawk. Mite chuan ngaihnawm an ti hle. Ezra pawh kha mipa tlarah a thu ve khuau a, Isua thusawi chu ngaihnawm a ti hle a ni.
Inkhawm chhung zawng mai chuan Isua farnute chuan Rebeki chu an lo tuipui tlang a, an pahniha an han inmelh leh zauh thin te chu an lo hmu fuh thei hle. Isua chuan a sawi zawm zel a, ''Kan hmeichhiate hi Sari entawn turin ka duh. Ani chuan a pasal thu a awih a, Pathian pawhin mal a sawm a, a tar hnuah fa a hring a nih kha. Khatiang malsawmna kha kan tunlai hmeichhiate tan pawh hian dah a la ni reng. Abrahama Pathian kha a nung si a!" a ti. Chu'ng thu a sawi lai chuan mipui ngaihnawm ti lutuk chuan Isua chu 'standing ovation' pein an ding ta hluai mai. Rebeki pawh kha phur fe hian a ding a, Isua chu Israel-te nghahfak, Messia ngei chu niin a hre ta nghe nghe. A hnena inpek pawh a duh ta hial. Isua a hmangaihzia chu a nu leh pa hrilh a, anni'n rem an tih phei chuan a piancham lawmnaa sawm pawh a duh a ni. Ta tang chuan thil a intan thei mai thei asin.
Isua chuan a naute hi chawlhkar ni hmasa berah Greek tawng a zirtir thin a, khami ni, Rebeki nen huana an inkawm ni pawh khan a naute zirtir turin a hnathawhna hmun atangin Isua chu a rawn haw hma a nih kha. In a thlen chuan Miriami chuan Isua chu tu emawin hnuanah a nghah thu a lo hrilh a, Isua'n tunge tih a zawh chuan Miriami chuan, "Ka nu kha zawt rawh,'' tiin a lo chhang a. Mari chuan Rebeki a nih thu leh a nuin Rebeki piancham lawmnaa a sawm thu te, tin, a lo pawm thu te a lo hrilh a. Isua'n naupangho lehkha zirtir a ngaih thu a sawi chuan Miriami chuan, "Ka lo ti mai dawn alawm,'' a lo ti a. Nu ber pawh chuan fiamthu ti tak hian Isua chu huana va kal thuai thuai turin a tur reng bawk a, ''Mama, i lo let leh hma lutuk ang e.''
Isua chu huanah chuan a va lut ta. Chutia Isua kal hnu chuan Mari te nufa chuan Rebeki chanchin an sawi zui a, mo atan an duh dun hle. Mari chuan Isua hian hetiang lam hi eng tin tak ngai ang maw tiin a ngaihtuah rauh rauh a, tin Rebeki nu, Naomi khan an pa, Ezra chuan Isua leh an fanu chu an inneih phawt chuan sum leh paiah pawh an chhungkaw hnih chu a enkawl theih mai tur thu a sawi tih a lo hrilh tawh a, Isua chu mistiri hna bansana a hna, a mission atan a inpek pumhlum theih nana chutiang rilru chu pu a nih thu te pawh a hrilh bawk a nih kha, Isua hian Israel fate tan tih tur ropui tak neiin an ring tlat a ni.
"Pathian mi thlan i ni tih ka hria a, Israel fate hruai tura ruat lawk i ni tih pawh ka hria asin,'' Rebeki chuan an lo ti tawng mai. Isua pawh chuan, ''Chuti si enga ti nge mi thlem?'' a'n ti ve khawl bawk.
Ni a tla a, eng a chuai ta, Rebeki mitah chauh lo chuan. Chutiang hun, thim thamah pawh chuan Rebeki mitmeng chu a eng set hian a hriat; a hlim em bawk a ni. ''Nia, mahse, mi bik hian keimah ang hmeichhia hi an mamawhin ka hria. A thuhrimah ka pa pawh hian tha taka i hna i thawh theih nan i chhungte pawh lo enkawl hi a inhuam asin.''
Isua chuan Rebeki chu a kut vawn a remtihsak a, tin, he nula hian a duh tak zet a, a mission pawh chu mi dang zawng aiin a hriatthiampui tih pawh a hria.
Isua chuan aw nem zaidam tak hian, ''Inngaihtuah deuh ka duh a ni," a ti a.
"A dik alawm, mahse ka piancham lawmnaah i lo kal ngei ang tih min tiam la.''
"Tehreng mai.''
"Hetiang hian mipa tumah ka la hmangaih ngai lo,'' Rebeki chuan a ti a, a mittui chu a tling kiau bawk. "Ka kal ang e,'' tih pahin a tho a, Isua biangah chuan a'n fawp zauh bawk a. Tichuan a kal ta a ni.
Isua erawh a che sawn lo; a thutna ngaiah chuan a thu reng.
Isua chu a inngaihtuah nasa thin hle. Vawi khat pawh inngaihtuah turin tlangah a kal a, chutah chuan hmeichhia hi engtia kawm tur nge tih te, a bikin a hmangaih em em Rebeki chu engtia han en tur nge tih te ngaihtuahin a buai hle. Pa Thlarau Thianghlim nena an han inpawl chuan, mihring fapa a nihnaah khawvel thilte chu a tawn ve ngei tur niin a hria a, chhandamna hna a thawhnaah pawh a van ropuina zawng zawng a kalsan a, siamtu kha thilsiamah a rawn chang a nih hi. Mihringte hi Lalpan fanau rochan a pe a, Pathian duhzawnga chumi enkawl chu an tih tur a ni tih te a ngaihtuah a. Tin, amah ngei pawh chu chutiang rah chu a ni tih a inhria a, chhuan lo la awm zel turte tan pawha entawn tura din a ni tih pawh a hria. Pathian leh mihring a ni.
A'n ngaihtuah thin a, inneihna chu mi pahnih pumkhata insiamna a ni a, hmangaihna pawh an intawm a ni. Chu thil ropui tak chu tisa thil hian a tibuai thin a nih hi. Tichuan, a mihring nihna lai a'n ngaihtuah a, Josefa fate a lo awmin a lo chawi tlei tawh thin a, chuvangin, pa dinhmun chu a hre ve. A hrana han tawn leh kher pawh ngaiin a hre lo. A thu hrimah a mission hi thlahte han neih ve a, entawn tlak chhungkaw din a ni lo, mite nun kaihruaia Pathian hnen hruai thlen a ni zawk tiin a ngaihtuah. Amah leh amah chu fa enkawla a inenkawl a ngai a ni; Josefa chu la dam se chutiang a ni bik lo ang.
Chung thilte ngaihtuah chuan a haw thla ta a.
Rebeki piancham lawmnaah chuan Isua chu a va kal ta ngei a, an lo lawm hle. Rebeki chu thilpek te pawh a hlan ve. Chu thilpek a'n hmuh chuan Rebeki chu a lawm em em; a te chul mai. A pa, Ezra pawh chuan chu thilpek chu a hlut hle. Chu thilpek chu thing hmanga cheimawi, pa leh fate lem a ni. Isua chuan, "Ka pa leh kei min hriatchhuah tir thin,'' a ti. Isua leh Rebeki chu an ding dun a, an inthlahlel hle. Chutia an ding dun Rebeki nu'n a hmuh chuan, "An pahnih hian Lalpa'n malsawm mawlh teh se,'' a lo ti mawlh mawlh mai.
A nu, Mari kha an sawm ve na a, a saseh a lo thlen chuan kal ve loh chu tha zawka hriain a thulhsan a. 'Ka nuamsam lo' tiin chhuanlam a siam na a, a chhan dik tak chu Isua chuan a hrethiam mai. A nu hian Rebeki hi mo atan a duh tak zet a, nei ngei turin Isua pawh a lo kar tawh thin. Isuan a Pa, vana miin a enkawl ang tih a sawi pawhin Mari hi chuan, "Chutiang ngawt a ni lo, lungngaihna leh phurrit inchhawk tawnpui tur neih te hi a tul asin,'' tiin a hrilh thin a, Rebeki chu nei ngei turin a duh a ni. Isua'n Rebeki te pafa a chhan dan tur a'n ngaihtuahin, an bula lo awm ve kha a ngam lo a ni.
Chu piancham lawmnaah chuan mi hrang tumah dang an tel lo, Isua chauh lo chu. Rebeki tan chuan chu ni chu a piancham a ni mai lo, ni lawmawm, a theihnghlih tawh ngai loh tur ni a ni. Chuvang chuan a phur surh surh hle. A hlim pawh an hlim narawh e.
Nakinah chuan pa ber chu a ding hluai a, thupui a vai tan ta. No a'n dawm a, "In pahniha in lo inhmangaih zual zel theih nan i lo 'toast' teh ang u hmiang,'' a ti a. Isua chu a chechang lo a, no a dawm hek lo. Rebeki chu a mangang hle, a lo ban zuau hman a, mahse, a tlum lehnghal. Ezra chuan no chu a'n lek kang nawn leh a, "In inhmangaih a ni tih ka hria, in pahnih hian nupaah in insiam a nih chuan chu mawlh chu ka hlimna tur chu a ni tih ka sawi duh a ni.''
Mahse, Ezra chu tuman an la zawm ta chuang lo. Isua chu an ngaichang kar hlawm a, an reh thap mai. Nakinah chuan Isua chuan a no chu a lek kang ve ta a, an thaw huai hlawm. A aw a'n thian kharh kharh a, ''Thudik leh hmangaihna hminga he no hi dawm ka duh a ni,'' a ti a. A sawi tum chu an man chiah hlawm lo. A sawi zawm zel a "Thudik hriatpuitu nih hi ka duh, chu chu khawvela ka lo kal chhan pawh a ni,'' a ti. Rebeki chuan Isua nihna chu a hriat avangin mak ti awm pawhin a lang lem lo. Ezra erawh chuan a Pathianna lam thil chu a lo la hriat ngai loh avangin mak a ti hle.
"Rebeki laka rinawm ka duh a, keima lakah ngei pawh hian rinawm ka duh,'' a ti a, tin, Rebeki chu a fala han kawm lawk a duh thu a sawi bawk. Midang chuan ngaihthat loh nachang an hre lo, Rebeki chauh lo chuan. Mahse, a intipachang a, amah nena inkawm chu tul a ti ve tlat. Tichuan huan lamah an inzui chhuak ta a ni.
Isua chuan thufing leh ril pui pui hmangin bul a'n tan a. Mihring leh thilsiamte chanchin te sawiin pa nihna tak (fatherhood) te a'n hrilhfiah te te a. Tin, a Pa duhzawng tih chu a mawhphurhna a nihzia te a sawi bawk. Rebeki kut chu a'n hmer vang vang a, "Ka chunga in that em avang hian ka lawm tak zet a ni. He inah hian fapa enin min en a,'' a ti a, Rebeki mittui tling piau mai chu a hmu reng mai. Tin, a sawi zawm zel a, a 'mission' dik tak chu a hrilh ta a ni. Amah hmangaih em emtu he nula hi a khawngaih tak zet mai.
"Khawvelah hian chhungkaw duhawm tak din tura lo kal ka ni lo a, mite'n nun tam an neih theih nana lo kal ka ni zawk. Ka mission chu miten Pathian an neih theihna tura thawh hi a ni. Ka hmangaihna che hi mihringte inhmangaihna ang mai mai a ni ve lo asin,'' a ti a. Chu thu a hriat chuan Rebeki pawhin thil awmzia a hrethiam ta, Isua chu hmangaih dan tur dik takin a hmangaih ve ta hlauh mai. Isua chuan a mittui te hruksakin a banah a kai a, chu'ng lai chuan Rebeki chuan Isua hmangaihna chu a taksaah te chuan luang lut hian a hria. Isua pawh chuan Rebeki danglam tak dan chu a hmu a, mithar a ni ta tih a hria. Tihdanglamin a awm ta.
Tichuan in chhung lamah an inzui lut a, Rebeki chu, "Ka hmangaihna hi chatuanin a dai lo ang,'' tiin a phun sep sep a.
Tuk khat chu Isua zing tho hian a farnu Miriami tap leh a nuin a lo thlem lai hi a hmu a, a chhan a'n zawh chuan Rebeki te chhung an pem dawn vang a lo ni a. Jakoba a rawn lut a, "Ezra te chhung an pem dawn, Sanghawngseia an inphur luk luk lai ka hmu,'' a rawn ti chul mai.
Tichuan hmar lam kawng pan chuan an tlan ta a, Isua chu a thleng hmasa ber. Mahse, an nang hman lo, an lo chhuak fel hman. Isua biangah chuan mittui a luang ngiai ngiai mai.
Isua chuan hmana Rebeki'n thilpek a pek kha a la chhuak a, a'n en vang vang a, "Thilpek hlu tak a va ni em. Rebek, min hmangaihna hi,'' a ti a, a phun sep sep a.
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Tlangval pakhat, ft. 6 zeta sang, ruakhau tha tak mai hian lawngah hna a thawk a. Amah chu Isua, kum sawmhnih pakhata upa, hmuihmul dum tha hlep hlawp tak nei a ni. Chutia a thawh mawlh mawlh lai chuan Jakoba hi hmanhmawh takin a rawn tlan, ''Kan puin rawn kal thuai turin a ti che, i thil cheimawi kha pahnih rawn keng la. Saw, mi'n an dawr duh,'' a rawn ti a.
Isua chu hmanhmawh takin a va kal a, a unau te, Jakoba leh Josepha ten an zui bawk. A thil cheimawi chu - Kapernaum khaw lem, a background-a Galilli dil lem awm leh, pakhat chu Hermon tlang lem a ni. An va thlen chuan an pu chuan Isua thil lem cheimawite chu chhuang tak hian a'n en kual vel a, ''Man man tak lo chuan kan phal lo, a nalh dun em mai,'' tiin lei rawn tum pa pakhat, pa valai tak, enihnun hmel tak mai chu a'n melh a.
Tiang chuan an indawr ta a ni.
''Chibai, Isu, kan intawng hlauh chu ka va lawm em. Ezra ka ni a, Alexandria khawchhuak ka ni a, he khuaah hian kan rawn inbengbel thar ve a,'' a aw chu a ngaihnatawm hle. Tin, pa zahawm tak a ni bawk. A inthuamna te pawh chu a changkang hle a, he'ng lai Juda pa zahawm ber ber te ai paw'n a chankan zawk hmel tlat.
Isua chuan phawk deuh tak hian, ''Alexandria, Aigupta maw?'' a'n ti a.
''I hre thin e lo?'' a'n lo ti let a. A tir atang tawh khan he mi mizia hian a hip hle tawh a ni.
''Ka naupan laiin Aigupta ramah chuan kum hnih lai kan awm alawm,'' Isua chuan a ti a, Ezra chuan mak a ti hle,'' Galilli mi hi an chhuak vak lo viau emaw ka ti a,'' a'n ti a.
''Kum thum mi ka nihin ka nu ten min hawpui leh a; vawi khat na reng reng chu Alexandria chu han tlawh ka chak ngawt mai.''
Ezra chuan an ram mawizia leh library an neih thatzia te chu a sawi ta zel a, Isua chu a hip tak zet mai. Tichuan, an thil cheimawi chu a lei duh thu leh a man tur zat te chu sawiin a'n dawn ta a ni.
An hotupa chuan denarii (cheng?) sawmhnih a lo chhiar a, Isua erawh chuan denarii sawm a tawk a lo ti thung. Tin, an hotupa chuan lo insum deuh turin a'n melh ru a, mahse, a leitu bera chuan denarii sawmthuma lei a tum ta tlat a, tiang chuan an inrem ta a ni.
Pawisa pek pah chuan, ''Nazareth-a mi rinawm ka tawn hmasak ber i ni,'' a ti a, ''A len te pawh rawn leng ve la, Synagogue bul chiahah kan awm a.''
An hotupa chuan, ''Lunga sak in lian pui mai mawle,'' a lo ti a. Ezra pawh chuan, ''Nia, lunga sak in a nia, zawn hmuh a harsa lo ang,'' a lo ti ve bawk. Tin, Isua leh Jakoba chu a'n nuih sak a, duhsakna a hlan bawk a, tichuan a kal ta a ni.
A kal liam hnuah chuan an hotupa chuan Isua chu a commission ve tur a ngaihtuah pui lo tiin a'n vui khum deuh a. Isua erawh chuan, ''Chutianga ngaih tur a ni hlei nem. Denarii sawm zelah denarii khat hi i chan tur a ni a, hei, a chuang ka pe leh nghal che a, lawm viau turah ka lo ngai zawk che asin,'' a lo ti a. Ani pawh chuan, ''E, ka lawm teh reng e,'' a ti ve a, za vak lo chungin an nui ve a. Tin, leng tura a sawmna chu chhang ngei tura a duh thu a sawi zui bawk a. Isua'n a chhan an zawh chuan, ''Va kal la, i hre mai ang,'' tiin a chhang a.
Hun a liam zel a, Isua pawh chuan Ezra in chu a va zawngchhuak ta.
Ezra te in a va thleng a, ina lo awm te chu hawihhawm takin chibai a buk hlawm. Nula pakhat, sam dum hlap mai, hmeltha tak hian an chhiahhlawh nen thil cheimawi eng eng emaw an lo rem a, tin, Isua pawh chuan a pui ve nghal bawk. A thiamin a remhre tak zet mai, a hunna tur dik takah a ni a dah chat chat ni. Nula pawh chuan thiam a ti hle a, nakinah chuan tu nge a nih a zawt ta a ni.
''Ka hming chu Isua a ni, i pa hmu turin ka lo kal.''
''E, heng vel siamtu hi maw! Ka pa hian a sawi a sawi thin che alawm. |hu ve phawt la. Ka nu leh pa lah chu an awm mang si lo a,'' a ti bawrh bawrh a, tin, a hming chu Rebeki a nih thu a sawi bawk a.
''Kan inhmu a, a lawmawm e, Rebek. Khawi i rem leh ang, ka lo pui ang che,'' a'n ti a.
Nula chuan, ''Ka lawm ngawt ang,'' tiin a chhang a, tin, a lai deuh a.
Tichuan an tarmawite chu an rem dun ta a ni. Isua chu a remhriain thilmawi a hre tak zet mai. Nula chuan Kapernaum khaw lem kha a'n la chhuak a, chhiahhlawh hnenah chuan Isua chu a siamtu a nih thu te a hrilh a. Isua chuan, ''Hei in kawl mawi zawk daih a nih hi,'' a ti a. Tin, a pakhat zawk kha khawiah nge tia a'n zawh chuan Rebeki chuan, ''Ka pindanah ka tar, ka duh lutuk a. Mi 'creative' tak i va ni em,'' tiin a chhang a.
Isua chu a lawm ve hle mai. Rebeki mitmeng chu mawi a ti em em mai lehnghal. Mitmeng danglam tak a nih thu a hrilh hial. An thil tarmawi hrang hrang te chu an thlir kual dun a. Isua chu Rebeki chuan engtin emaw tak hian a khawih tlat.
Hmeichhia te chu a hmu ve fo a, Rebeki erawh chu a dang tlat.
An han ngawi dun vang vang a, nakinah chuan Isua chuan, ''I pa hian art a ngaina tak zet a nih hi,'' an rawn ti bauh a.
''Nia, a tui venna lam a nia.''
Rebeki chuan, ''Nazareth chu a dang khawp mai, Alexandria-ah chuan mite hian hetiang thilmawi hlut nachang hi an hre ve lo,'' a ti a.
Ezra hian a chhungte bulah Isua chanchin hi a sawi nasa hle a, ''A hmelthatna hi chu thuhran ni se, a rinawmzia kha a ni min hnehtu chu,'' tiin a sawi thin. Chutiang vel avang chuan a chhungte pawh hian Isua hi an lo ralkhat hriat ve hle a, Rebeki phei hi chuan hmuh ve pawh a lo chak hle thin.
Chutia Ezra art collection te an thlir kual pah chuan Isua chu a titi siam siam a, a thusawi pakhat, ''Dan hnuai sal ang maia awmte hian art leh thilmawi hi an hnualsuat thin a,'' tih chu Rebeki chuan a la fuh hle. ''Ka pa bulah sawi la, a lawm ngawt ang,'' a lo ti a. An titi dun zel a, Rebeki chuan, ''Takina, tukinah khan i farnu Miriami ka hmu tak asin,'' a'n ti hlut a, ''I farnu hi chuan a ngaisang ve ngawt mai che, aaa i farnu chang ni lo nula dang pawh hian an ngaisang hlawm che. Synagogue-ah pawh hian i thu sawi ni-ah hi chuan an inkhawm thup zel hi.''
Isuan, ''Thutakin a tir hlawm a ni ang chu,'' a'n tih chuan Rebeki chuan, 'Sermon ni lo thil dang a ni an inkhawm chhan chu,'' a lo ti. Tin, Isua chuan Sabbath leha thu a sawi tur thu te a'n sawi a, Rebeki chuan inkhawm ngei a tum thu a lo sawi ve bawk. Isua chu a lawm hle.
Rebeki chuan a pate lo haw hma chu leng turin a sawm na a, Isua erawh chuan haw deuh mai a duh thuin a chhang a, ni danga a la len leh zawk tur thu a sawi bawk. An han inmelh leh vang vang a, tichuan an inhawsan ta a ni.
Isua hian a farnu Miriami leh Jakoba hi an inngaizawng tlatin a hria a, vawi khat pawh huana inkai riala an leng dun lai a hmu fuh pek. Jakoba chu a zak hle a ni ang, a haw nal nal mai. Miriami pawh chu a lai hle a, mahse, Isua chuan zak lo turin a hrilh thung. An inkar boruak chu a'n zawt vel a, a ring dik chiah, an inngaizawng ngei e, thla hnih lai a lo ni tawh nghe nghe. Isua chuan pawi a ti lo, pawi a ti lo mai pawh a ni lo, Jakoba chu tlangval fel tak a nih avangin makpa atan pawh a duh hle zawk a ni. Tichuan hma a lakpui a, a nu te a hrilhsak nghe nghe. A nu pawh chuan tha a lo ti ve hlauh mai. Isua chuan, ''Mahse, in inneih hmain i nau Marthi hi in chhung sekrek khawih vel i zirtir thiam phawt a va ngai awm ve,'' tiin Miriami chu a hrilh a, tiang chuan chu'ng thil vel chu an chhungkua chuan an hlimpui hle.
Vawi khat chu Miriami chuan Isua chu eng tikah nge nupui neih a tum tih a zawt a. A chhan mai loh avang chuan Miriami chuan rawn tawng khalhin, ''Rebeki hi ka'n kawm ve ang e,'' a ti a. A sawi zel a, ''Ka tih pui ang che, Rebeki hian a duh tak zet che tih ka hria,'' a tih chuan an nauteho chu an nui dar dar mai. Isua chuan, ''Chutiang em atan chuan i la nau deuh e,'' a ti a, chu veleh a nu chuan, "A nih leh kei?'' a lo ti a, Isua chuan, "Chutiangah nu an inrawlh ngai lo,'' tiin a lo chhang a. A nu Mari chuan, "Mahse, Rebeki chu i duh si alawm,'' a ti leh hram a, Isua erawh chuan, "Nazareth hmeichhia zawng zawng hi ka ngaina vek alawm, Rebeki pawh telin," tiin a lo chhang mai. "Tiang chuan, Rebeki chu an tuipui tlang hle a ni. Isua chu a inngaihtuah nasa thin hle. Nupui neih hun an ni ve tawh a, engtia tih tur nge, neih nge tha neih loh tiin a inkhap a inkhap thin.
Synagogue-a Isua thusawi ni kha a lo thleng ta. A thusawinaah chuan, ''Nupui fel nei chuan malsawmna a dawng a ni,'' tih kha a'n chhiar a, Rebeki pawh a inkhawm, a nu- Naomi nen an ni nghe nghe.
Isua nu leh a farnute ho nen an thu tlar thap mai lehnghal. Isua lehkha chhiar chu Rebeki chuan a lo ngaihtuah zui nasa hle, ''Nupui fel leh nungchang tha tihah chuan ka tling zo ve ang em? Nula thianghlim, virgin chu ka ni ngei a, ka thinlung pawh he mi ka tawn hma kha chuan a la virgin a nih ngei kha,'' ti tein a lo inngaihtuah keuh keuh mai. Engpawhnise, Isua chuan a mit a la tak zet a, a thu sawi chhung zawng mai chuan a lo thlir ngawih ngawih mai. A en ning thei lo.
Isua thusawi chu a tui hle a, ''Nungchang mawi kan tih hian eng nge kan tum?'' tiin zawhna a siam a, "Nungchang mawi kan sawi hian kan rilruah hmeichhia an lo lang mai thin. A nih leh mipate hi hmeichhe laka kan fir ang hian kan awm thei em?'' ti tein chona a siam bawk. Mite chuan ngaihnawm an ti hle. Ezra pawh kha mipa tlarah a thu ve khuau a, Isua thusawi chu ngaihnawm a ti hle a ni.
Inkhawm chhung zawng mai chuan Isua farnute chuan Rebeki chu an lo tuipui tlang a, an pahniha an han inmelh leh zauh thin te chu an lo hmu fuh thei hle. Isua chuan a sawi zawm zel a, ''Kan hmeichhiate hi Sari entawn turin ka duh. Ani chuan a pasal thu a awih a, Pathian pawhin mal a sawm a, a tar hnuah fa a hring a nih kha. Khatiang malsawmna kha kan tunlai hmeichhiate tan pawh hian dah a la ni reng. Abrahama Pathian kha a nung si a!" a ti. Chu'ng thu a sawi lai chuan mipui ngaihnawm ti lutuk chuan Isua chu 'standing ovation' pein an ding ta hluai mai. Rebeki pawh kha phur fe hian a ding a, Isua chu Israel-te nghahfak, Messia ngei chu niin a hre ta nghe nghe. A hnena inpek pawh a duh ta hial. Isua a hmangaihzia chu a nu leh pa hrilh a, anni'n rem an tih phei chuan a piancham lawmnaa sawm pawh a duh a ni. Ta tang chuan thil a intan thei mai thei asin.
Isua chuan a naute hi chawlhkar ni hmasa berah Greek tawng a zirtir thin a, khami ni, Rebeki nen huana an inkawm ni pawh khan a naute zirtir turin a hnathawhna hmun atangin Isua chu a rawn haw hma a nih kha. In a thlen chuan Miriami chuan Isua chu tu emawin hnuanah a nghah thu a lo hrilh a, Isua'n tunge tih a zawh chuan Miriami chuan, "Ka nu kha zawt rawh,'' tiin a lo chhang a. Mari chuan Rebeki a nih thu leh a nuin Rebeki piancham lawmnaa a sawm thu te, tin, a lo pawm thu te a lo hrilh a. Isua'n naupangho lehkha zirtir a ngaih thu a sawi chuan Miriami chuan, "Ka lo ti mai dawn alawm,'' a lo ti a. Nu ber pawh chuan fiamthu ti tak hian Isua chu huana va kal thuai thuai turin a tur reng bawk a, ''Mama, i lo let leh hma lutuk ang e.''
Isua chu huanah chuan a va lut ta. Chutia Isua kal hnu chuan Mari te nufa chuan Rebeki chanchin an sawi zui a, mo atan an duh dun hle. Mari chuan Isua hian hetiang lam hi eng tin tak ngai ang maw tiin a ngaihtuah rauh rauh a, tin Rebeki nu, Naomi khan an pa, Ezra chuan Isua leh an fanu chu an inneih phawt chuan sum leh paiah pawh an chhungkaw hnih chu a enkawl theih mai tur thu a sawi tih a lo hrilh tawh a, Isua chu mistiri hna bansana a hna, a mission atan a inpek pumhlum theih nana chutiang rilru chu pu a nih thu te pawh a hrilh bawk a nih kha, Isua hian Israel fate tan tih tur ropui tak neiin an ring tlat a ni.
"Pathian mi thlan i ni tih ka hria a, Israel fate hruai tura ruat lawk i ni tih pawh ka hria asin,'' Rebeki chuan an lo ti tawng mai. Isua pawh chuan, ''Chuti si enga ti nge mi thlem?'' a'n ti ve khawl bawk.
Ni a tla a, eng a chuai ta, Rebeki mitah chauh lo chuan. Chutiang hun, thim thamah pawh chuan Rebeki mitmeng chu a eng set hian a hriat; a hlim em bawk a ni. ''Nia, mahse, mi bik hian keimah ang hmeichhia hi an mamawhin ka hria. A thuhrimah ka pa pawh hian tha taka i hna i thawh theih nan i chhungte pawh lo enkawl hi a inhuam asin.''
Isua chuan Rebeki chu a kut vawn a remtihsak a, tin, he nula hian a duh tak zet a, a mission pawh chu mi dang zawng aiin a hriatthiampui tih pawh a hria.
Isua chuan aw nem zaidam tak hian, ''Inngaihtuah deuh ka duh a ni," a ti a.
"A dik alawm, mahse ka piancham lawmnaah i lo kal ngei ang tih min tiam la.''
"Tehreng mai.''
"Hetiang hian mipa tumah ka la hmangaih ngai lo,'' Rebeki chuan a ti a, a mittui chu a tling kiau bawk. "Ka kal ang e,'' tih pahin a tho a, Isua biangah chuan a'n fawp zauh bawk a. Tichuan a kal ta a ni.
Isua erawh a che sawn lo; a thutna ngaiah chuan a thu reng.
Isua chu a inngaihtuah nasa thin hle. Vawi khat pawh inngaihtuah turin tlangah a kal a, chutah chuan hmeichhia hi engtia kawm tur nge tih te, a bikin a hmangaih em em Rebeki chu engtia han en tur nge tih te ngaihtuahin a buai hle. Pa Thlarau Thianghlim nena an han inpawl chuan, mihring fapa a nihnaah khawvel thilte chu a tawn ve ngei tur niin a hria a, chhandamna hna a thawhnaah pawh a van ropuina zawng zawng a kalsan a, siamtu kha thilsiamah a rawn chang a nih hi. Mihringte hi Lalpan fanau rochan a pe a, Pathian duhzawnga chumi enkawl chu an tih tur a ni tih te a ngaihtuah a. Tin, amah ngei pawh chu chutiang rah chu a ni tih a inhria a, chhuan lo la awm zel turte tan pawha entawn tura din a ni tih pawh a hria. Pathian leh mihring a ni.
A'n ngaihtuah thin a, inneihna chu mi pahnih pumkhata insiamna a ni a, hmangaihna pawh an intawm a ni. Chu thil ropui tak chu tisa thil hian a tibuai thin a nih hi. Tichuan, a mihring nihna lai a'n ngaihtuah a, Josefa fate a lo awmin a lo chawi tlei tawh thin a, chuvangin, pa dinhmun chu a hre ve. A hrana han tawn leh kher pawh ngaiin a hre lo. A thu hrimah a mission hi thlahte han neih ve a, entawn tlak chhungkaw din a ni lo, mite nun kaihruaia Pathian hnen hruai thlen a ni zawk tiin a ngaihtuah. Amah leh amah chu fa enkawla a inenkawl a ngai a ni; Josefa chu la dam se chutiang a ni bik lo ang.
Chung thilte ngaihtuah chuan a haw thla ta a.
Rebeki piancham lawmnaah chuan Isua chu a va kal ta ngei a, an lo lawm hle. Rebeki chu thilpek te pawh a hlan ve. Chu thilpek a'n hmuh chuan Rebeki chu a lawm em em; a te chul mai. A pa, Ezra pawh chuan chu thilpek chu a hlut hle. Chu thilpek chu thing hmanga cheimawi, pa leh fate lem a ni. Isua chuan, "Ka pa leh kei min hriatchhuah tir thin,'' a ti. Isua leh Rebeki chu an ding dun a, an inthlahlel hle. Chutia an ding dun Rebeki nu'n a hmuh chuan, "An pahnih hian Lalpa'n malsawm mawlh teh se,'' a lo ti mawlh mawlh mai.
A nu, Mari kha an sawm ve na a, a saseh a lo thlen chuan kal ve loh chu tha zawka hriain a thulhsan a. 'Ka nuamsam lo' tiin chhuanlam a siam na a, a chhan dik tak chu Isua chuan a hrethiam mai. A nu hian Rebeki hi mo atan a duh tak zet a, nei ngei turin Isua pawh a lo kar tawh thin. Isuan a Pa, vana miin a enkawl ang tih a sawi pawhin Mari hi chuan, "Chutiang ngawt a ni lo, lungngaihna leh phurrit inchhawk tawnpui tur neih te hi a tul asin,'' tiin a hrilh thin a, Rebeki chu nei ngei turin a duh a ni. Isua'n Rebeki te pafa a chhan dan tur a'n ngaihtuahin, an bula lo awm ve kha a ngam lo a ni.
Chu piancham lawmnaah chuan mi hrang tumah dang an tel lo, Isua chauh lo chu. Rebeki tan chuan chu ni chu a piancham a ni mai lo, ni lawmawm, a theihnghlih tawh ngai loh tur ni a ni. Chuvang chuan a phur surh surh hle. A hlim pawh an hlim narawh e.
Nakinah chuan pa ber chu a ding hluai a, thupui a vai tan ta. No a'n dawm a, "In pahniha in lo inhmangaih zual zel theih nan i lo 'toast' teh ang u hmiang,'' a ti a. Isua chu a chechang lo a, no a dawm hek lo. Rebeki chu a mangang hle, a lo ban zuau hman a, mahse, a tlum lehnghal. Ezra chuan no chu a'n lek kang nawn leh a, "In inhmangaih a ni tih ka hria, in pahnih hian nupaah in insiam a nih chuan chu mawlh chu ka hlimna tur chu a ni tih ka sawi duh a ni.''
Mahse, Ezra chu tuman an la zawm ta chuang lo. Isua chu an ngaichang kar hlawm a, an reh thap mai. Nakinah chuan Isua chuan a no chu a lek kang ve ta a, an thaw huai hlawm. A aw a'n thian kharh kharh a, ''Thudik leh hmangaihna hminga he no hi dawm ka duh a ni,'' a ti a. A sawi tum chu an man chiah hlawm lo. A sawi zawm zel a "Thudik hriatpuitu nih hi ka duh, chu chu khawvela ka lo kal chhan pawh a ni,'' a ti. Rebeki chuan Isua nihna chu a hriat avangin mak ti awm pawhin a lang lem lo. Ezra erawh chuan a Pathianna lam thil chu a lo la hriat ngai loh avangin mak a ti hle.
"Rebeki laka rinawm ka duh a, keima lakah ngei pawh hian rinawm ka duh,'' a ti a, tin, Rebeki chu a fala han kawm lawk a duh thu a sawi bawk. Midang chuan ngaihthat loh nachang an hre lo, Rebeki chauh lo chuan. Mahse, a intipachang a, amah nena inkawm chu tul a ti ve tlat. Tichuan huan lamah an inzui chhuak ta a ni.
Isua chuan thufing leh ril pui pui hmangin bul a'n tan a. Mihring leh thilsiamte chanchin te sawiin pa nihna tak (fatherhood) te a'n hrilhfiah te te a. Tin, a Pa duhzawng tih chu a mawhphurhna a nihzia te a sawi bawk. Rebeki kut chu a'n hmer vang vang a, "Ka chunga in that em avang hian ka lawm tak zet a ni. He inah hian fapa enin min en a,'' a ti a, Rebeki mittui tling piau mai chu a hmu reng mai. Tin, a sawi zawm zel a, a 'mission' dik tak chu a hrilh ta a ni. Amah hmangaih em emtu he nula hi a khawngaih tak zet mai.
"Khawvelah hian chhungkaw duhawm tak din tura lo kal ka ni lo a, mite'n nun tam an neih theih nana lo kal ka ni zawk. Ka mission chu miten Pathian an neih theihna tura thawh hi a ni. Ka hmangaihna che hi mihringte inhmangaihna ang mai mai a ni ve lo asin,'' a ti a. Chu thu a hriat chuan Rebeki pawhin thil awmzia a hrethiam ta, Isua chu hmangaih dan tur dik takin a hmangaih ve ta hlauh mai. Isua chuan a mittui te hruksakin a banah a kai a, chu'ng lai chuan Rebeki chuan Isua hmangaihna chu a taksaah te chuan luang lut hian a hria. Isua pawh chuan Rebeki danglam tak dan chu a hmu a, mithar a ni ta tih a hria. Tihdanglamin a awm ta.
Tichuan in chhung lamah an inzui lut a, Rebeki chu, "Ka hmangaihna hi chatuanin a dai lo ang,'' tiin a phun sep sep a.
Tuk khat chu Isua zing tho hian a farnu Miriami tap leh a nuin a lo thlem lai hi a hmu a, a chhan a'n zawh chuan Rebeki te chhung an pem dawn vang a lo ni a. Jakoba a rawn lut a, "Ezra te chhung an pem dawn, Sanghawngseia an inphur luk luk lai ka hmu,'' a rawn ti chul mai.
Tichuan hmar lam kawng pan chuan an tlan ta a, Isua chu a thleng hmasa ber. Mahse, an nang hman lo, an lo chhuak fel hman. Isua biangah chuan mittui a luang ngiai ngiai mai.
Isua chuan hmana Rebeki'n thilpek a pek kha a la chhuak a, a'n en vang vang a, "Thilpek hlu tak a va ni em. Rebek, min hmangaihna hi,'' a ti a, a phun sep sep a.
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Thinchhia
Mipa naupang pakhat thinchhe deuh mai hi a awm a. A chhungte pawhin an buaipui a, amah pawhin a thinchhiatzia chu a inhria a, insiamthat pawh a duh viau thin a, mahse a thei si lo a. A pa tihngaihna hre lo chuan ipte a chhunga perek thahnem tak awm hi a pe a, "I thin a lo rima i insum zawh dawn loh veleh kan in hungna palah hian perek pakhat hi i kilh zel dawn nia," a ti ta ngawt mai a.
A ni khatnaah chuan chu naupang chuan perek 37 lai a kilh a. Ni tin a kilh belh zel a, mahse, a inthunun ve thei ta hret hret a. Kar khat a lo vei meuh chuan a thinchhe lutuk pawh chu a ziaawm ta viau a, perek pawh a kilh bet tlem tial tial a.
Chumi hnua kar engemaw zat a liam leh chuan a zia tawh viau a, perek chhut luh ai chuan thinrim insum chu a awlsam daih zawk tih te pawh a hmuchhuak ta hial a ni.
A tawpah chuan naupang chu a thinrim tur pawh a insum hmak thei ta. Tichuan, a pa hnenah chuan a thinrim tawh ngai loh thu leh a thinchhiat a sim tawh thu chu a hrilh a.
A pa chu pa fing tak mai a ni a, a fapa hnenah chuan an in hungna pala perek a kilh luh tak zawng zawng chu ni tin pakhat zel phawi leh turin a hrilh leh a. Hun a liam zel a, a tawpah chuan a phawi kim ta a, a pa hnenah chuan perek kim vek tawh thu chu hlim takin a hrilh nghal a.
A pa'n a ngaihthlak zawh chuan a fapa chu a kai lawk a, an in hunga pal lamah chuan a hruai kual a, an pahnih chuan an en kual dun ta a. A fapa hnenah chuan, "Mama, i ti tha hle mai. Mahse perek i kilhna lai kua hi ngun takin han en vang vang teh. Palte hi engti kawng mahin a hma ang kha an ni thei tawh dawn lo tih i hmu ang. Hetiang chiah hian i thinrim laia i thusawi leh i thil tih thinte
khan mi dangte hnenah perek kilhna kua anga langsar, ser a hnutchhiah zel a ni. I mi huat zawng tak chu chemte-in i vit hrawih thei reng a, a hnuah pawh i inchhir leh thei. Mahse, hei hi hre reng la, a hnua 'Ka tihpalh' i tih lawm lawm pawhin i thil tih chu a nih tur ang a lo ni fel vek tawh ang. Chutiang thoin, thu sawi vanga mi rilru hliam hian an taksa tihnat dan a inang reng a ni," tiin a sawi ta a.
('Bad Temper' tih lehlin, a tul anga siam danglam a ni.
- Lalthlamuana Ralte)
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A ni khatnaah chuan chu naupang chuan perek 37 lai a kilh a. Ni tin a kilh belh zel a, mahse, a inthunun ve thei ta hret hret a. Kar khat a lo vei meuh chuan a thinchhe lutuk pawh chu a ziaawm ta viau a, perek pawh a kilh bet tlem tial tial a.
Chumi hnua kar engemaw zat a liam leh chuan a zia tawh viau a, perek chhut luh ai chuan thinrim insum chu a awlsam daih zawk tih te pawh a hmuchhuak ta hial a ni.
A tawpah chuan naupang chu a thinrim tur pawh a insum hmak thei ta. Tichuan, a pa hnenah chuan a thinrim tawh ngai loh thu leh a thinchhiat a sim tawh thu chu a hrilh a.
A pa chu pa fing tak mai a ni a, a fapa hnenah chuan an in hungna pala perek a kilh luh tak zawng zawng chu ni tin pakhat zel phawi leh turin a hrilh leh a. Hun a liam zel a, a tawpah chuan a phawi kim ta a, a pa hnenah chuan perek kim vek tawh thu chu hlim takin a hrilh nghal a.
A pa'n a ngaihthlak zawh chuan a fapa chu a kai lawk a, an in hunga pal lamah chuan a hruai kual a, an pahnih chuan an en kual dun ta a. A fapa hnenah chuan, "Mama, i ti tha hle mai. Mahse perek i kilhna lai kua hi ngun takin han en vang vang teh. Palte hi engti kawng mahin a hma ang kha an ni thei tawh dawn lo tih i hmu ang. Hetiang chiah hian i thinrim laia i thusawi leh i thil tih thinte
khan mi dangte hnenah perek kilhna kua anga langsar, ser a hnutchhiah zel a ni. I mi huat zawng tak chu chemte-in i vit hrawih thei reng a, a hnuah pawh i inchhir leh thei. Mahse, hei hi hre reng la, a hnua 'Ka tihpalh' i tih lawm lawm pawhin i thil tih chu a nih tur ang a lo ni fel vek tawh ang. Chutiang thoin, thu sawi vanga mi rilru hliam hian an taksa tihnat dan a inang reng a ni," tiin a sawi ta a.
('Bad Temper' tih lehlin, a tul anga siam danglam a ni.
- Lalthlamuana Ralte)
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Duhtak, he'ng hi hre reng ang che...
¢ F Lalramliana
Kan inneih har so khu a reh fel rual khan kan khawvel chu kan kuta innghat a ni ta. Kan hma lam hun ngaihtuahin duhthu ka sam dawn a, ngun takin lo ngaithla teh.
Pasal rintlak nih ka duh ang bawkin nang pawh 'nupui duhawm' ni turin ka beisei che a, i hriat atana ka duh hi i hriat tawh hnu a nih pawhin ninawmah la lo hram ang che.
Min hual veltu society hi mipa rorelna a nih miau avangin ka in chhungah chuan roreltu nih ka duh dawn a; i thla khat sum lakluh a tam zawk emaw i ngaihtuahna leh i thuvuakthlakin belhchian a dawl zawk emaw i chhung leh khat leh vua leh vang an hraw zawk emaw pawh ni se inchhungkhur rorelna chauh chu ka kutah i dah lui ve tlat dawn nia. Chhan bulfuk nei lova ka mawhphurhna ka hlenchhuak zo lo emaw ka kova lum ka hmachhawn ngam lo emaw a nih chuan pasal tlak lohah min ngai dawn nia.
Chhungkaw roreltu ka nih avangin i thu leh hlain ngaih pawimawh a hlawh lo hlawm tawp dawn ka tihna a ni lo. Rawtna leh ngaihdan i neihte chu ka beng bulah zawi tein sawi la, i thuvuakthlakin kori a tu zawk dawn a nih chuan ka pawm ang a, ka ka atanga chhuak leh ka thutlukna a fuh phawt chuan naupan tet atanga min hrechiangtute fak leh ngaihsan i hlawh tho ang!
Kan chhehvelah hian hmeichhe rorelna inchhungkhur ka hmu fo a, a tlangpuiin chutiang chhungkua chu hmuh hrehawm ka ti deuh vek! Hmeichhe tha lo vanga pasal chhungte tlawhpawh theih loh chhungkua leh hmeichhe suaksual vanga chhungkaw kehdarh ka hmuh thinte hi ka sawi phak piahlam ni mah se ka tel vena inchhungkhurah chuan chutiang chu thleng lo se ka duh a, min pui theitu hnaivai ber i ni tih theihnghilh suh ang che.
Ka nupui ni tura ka sawmna i pawm rual khan ka nu leh pa leh ka unaute bakah ka chhung leh khat leh ka thiante zawng zawng pawh i pawm nghal tih i inhre ngeiin ka ring.
Kei min hmangaih angin ka thisen zawmpuite leh ka lamhnai zawng zawngte hi i hmangaih ve kher lo tih ka pawm a, chutiang turin ka phut lo bawk che a, mahse, i hmangaihin a hmangaih mihringte chu i namnul thiang bik lo tih hi i pawm ve ngei chu a ngai ang.
Nupuiin a pasal hnena hlimna, beiseina, lungawina leh hmangaihna a pek theih sang ber min hlan hma leh he khawvel zau takah hian i lo piangchhuak ve tih ka hriat hma zawng khan ka chhung te, ka thian te, ka chi leh kuang zawng zawng leh ka vengte hnen atangin chutiang thilpek chu ka lo dawng tawh thin a, chu'ng mite chu nang ka tawn hnu hian hawisan thut thei ka ni lo tih min hriatpui la, ka mitmei en chungin chu'ng mite chu i lo dawngsawng thin dawn nia.
Ka chi leh kuang leh ka lamhnaite kuahkhawm chu tlawmah la lo la, chutiang chiah chu i chhungte leh i thian hnaite laka ka khawsak dan turah i ngai ve nghal thiang ang tih ka tiam a che.
Thlah khatah meuh pawh chhungkaw thenkhatah chuan a chhumchhia leh pur tur awm lo khawpa pachhiate'n hlamchhiah leh huphurh an hlawh chawk thin, i chhungte leh ka chhungte laka duhsakna i lantir kawngah chutiang chhungkua chu entawn ve hauh suh.
Kan chhungkuaa i rawn telna a la rei loh avangin ka chhungte leh thiante'n ka hriat ang chein an la hrechiang ve lo che a, i chhung leh khat leh i chipuite'n min zir ang bawkin ka chi leh kuangte pawhin an zir che a; a then chuan an enthla dawn che a, tar kun khup bih kan dam thlen thlenga i awm dan tur ang chiahin awm la, lem chang buai duh suh ang che.
Ka lamhnai leh ka nel zawngte nel lui ve tlat turin ka beisei che a, nung tura ka duh ang takin han nung ve naw naw phawt mai teh. I rilru chhungril leh i lanchhuah dan an la hriatchian ve loh vang mai chea ka chhungte leh thiante laka sawiselna leh ngaihmawh i tawk a nih chuan ka dinpui tlat thung ang che.
Fanau enkawl chungchangah sawi tel duh ka nei: Malsawmna dawnga mipangngai mipa leh hmeichhe fa kan hring ve te a nih ngai chuan kan fate hnenah inchhungkhura mipa leh hmeichhe mawhphurhna leh tih tur a awm hran thu hi zirtir thin la ka duh a ni.
I pasal hi farnu nei lova seilian a ni a, thingnawi fawm rual a nih atanga i lo lan hma thleng khan mipa mawhphurhna leh inchhungkhura hmeichhe tih tur zawng zawng thawk kawp thin mihring a nih miau avangin ka fapate chu inchhungkhurah ka retheih ang khan rethei ve lo se ka duh a, an farnute an dama an hman chhung chuan an farnute'n an rawng an bawlsak lai hmuh ka duh a ni.
Kan fapate pawh an farnute zahawmna humhimsak turin zirtir la, an thlamuanna leh innghahna tlak mipa fa ni turin kaihruai la, an nihna leh nunphung avanga an farnute'n mi zah an kaina turin enkawl ang che.
Mizo chhungkuaah hian nu leh pain mawhphurhna an pek phal loh vang leh zirtirna mumal an pek loh vanga hmeichhe nep leh tlawktlaw, nula zahpuiawm ka lo hmu fo tawh a, chumi tlukpui chiah chuan mipa fate lak tlak loh vanga an farnute pawh mite'n khaw lo tur leh nep tlawk tlawk tura an ngaih nghal hmiah ka hmu nual bawk. Chutiang fa chu 'inchhungkhurah mipa tih tur leh hmeichhe tih tur bik a awm chuang lo' tih changchawia fate mawhphurhna thliarhrang duh lo chhungkua atangin ka hmu deuh ber!
Fapate thlanlai tur emaw mahni kea ding tur emawa zirtir ngai si lova chawei dawhkan kil tawh hnua, farnute thu reng chunga, chawhmeh suak tura mipa fa tir tlat chhungkuaa mipate hi an laktlak loh tlangpuiin ka hre thin!
Kan fanute kovah hmeichhe mawhphurhna bel la, kan fapate thinlungah chiang takin mipa mawhphurhna i tuh dawn ni.
A tawp berah chuan, tlangval nun kan chhek-arbawm ve lai khan mithianghlim famkim ni bik hek lo le, a chang chuan ngamtlakte chawthing bar kual mai mai chang leh haw leh tur chuang awm lova mi chhuatlaia kan tlukzal tak mai mai zan a awm fo a, chutiang ti tura kan chhuat thlang rawn rap an awm a nih pawhin lo nerkhum mai lo la, i dawl zawh loh mihring chu hmeichhezia nena i hmachhawn hmain ka kutah i dah thin dawn nia.
Midang hnawlin ka hmangaih laklawh tawh che a, ka hmangaih tlat ang che...
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Kan inneih har so khu a reh fel rual khan kan khawvel chu kan kuta innghat a ni ta. Kan hma lam hun ngaihtuahin duhthu ka sam dawn a, ngun takin lo ngaithla teh.
Pasal rintlak nih ka duh ang bawkin nang pawh 'nupui duhawm' ni turin ka beisei che a, i hriat atana ka duh hi i hriat tawh hnu a nih pawhin ninawmah la lo hram ang che.
Min hual veltu society hi mipa rorelna a nih miau avangin ka in chhungah chuan roreltu nih ka duh dawn a; i thla khat sum lakluh a tam zawk emaw i ngaihtuahna leh i thuvuakthlakin belhchian a dawl zawk emaw i chhung leh khat leh vua leh vang an hraw zawk emaw pawh ni se inchhungkhur rorelna chauh chu ka kutah i dah lui ve tlat dawn nia. Chhan bulfuk nei lova ka mawhphurhna ka hlenchhuak zo lo emaw ka kova lum ka hmachhawn ngam lo emaw a nih chuan pasal tlak lohah min ngai dawn nia.
Chhungkaw roreltu ka nih avangin i thu leh hlain ngaih pawimawh a hlawh lo hlawm tawp dawn ka tihna a ni lo. Rawtna leh ngaihdan i neihte chu ka beng bulah zawi tein sawi la, i thuvuakthlakin kori a tu zawk dawn a nih chuan ka pawm ang a, ka ka atanga chhuak leh ka thutlukna a fuh phawt chuan naupan tet atanga min hrechiangtute fak leh ngaihsan i hlawh tho ang!
Kan chhehvelah hian hmeichhe rorelna inchhungkhur ka hmu fo a, a tlangpuiin chutiang chhungkua chu hmuh hrehawm ka ti deuh vek! Hmeichhe tha lo vanga pasal chhungte tlawhpawh theih loh chhungkua leh hmeichhe suaksual vanga chhungkaw kehdarh ka hmuh thinte hi ka sawi phak piahlam ni mah se ka tel vena inchhungkhurah chuan chutiang chu thleng lo se ka duh a, min pui theitu hnaivai ber i ni tih theihnghilh suh ang che.
Ka nupui ni tura ka sawmna i pawm rual khan ka nu leh pa leh ka unaute bakah ka chhung leh khat leh ka thiante zawng zawng pawh i pawm nghal tih i inhre ngeiin ka ring.
Kei min hmangaih angin ka thisen zawmpuite leh ka lamhnai zawng zawngte hi i hmangaih ve kher lo tih ka pawm a, chutiang turin ka phut lo bawk che a, mahse, i hmangaihin a hmangaih mihringte chu i namnul thiang bik lo tih hi i pawm ve ngei chu a ngai ang.
Nupuiin a pasal hnena hlimna, beiseina, lungawina leh hmangaihna a pek theih sang ber min hlan hma leh he khawvel zau takah hian i lo piangchhuak ve tih ka hriat hma zawng khan ka chhung te, ka thian te, ka chi leh kuang zawng zawng leh ka vengte hnen atangin chutiang thilpek chu ka lo dawng tawh thin a, chu'ng mite chu nang ka tawn hnu hian hawisan thut thei ka ni lo tih min hriatpui la, ka mitmei en chungin chu'ng mite chu i lo dawngsawng thin dawn nia.
Ka chi leh kuang leh ka lamhnaite kuahkhawm chu tlawmah la lo la, chutiang chiah chu i chhungte leh i thian hnaite laka ka khawsak dan turah i ngai ve nghal thiang ang tih ka tiam a che.
Thlah khatah meuh pawh chhungkaw thenkhatah chuan a chhumchhia leh pur tur awm lo khawpa pachhiate'n hlamchhiah leh huphurh an hlawh chawk thin, i chhungte leh ka chhungte laka duhsakna i lantir kawngah chutiang chhungkua chu entawn ve hauh suh.
Kan chhungkuaa i rawn telna a la rei loh avangin ka chhungte leh thiante'n ka hriat ang chein an la hrechiang ve lo che a, i chhung leh khat leh i chipuite'n min zir ang bawkin ka chi leh kuangte pawhin an zir che a; a then chuan an enthla dawn che a, tar kun khup bih kan dam thlen thlenga i awm dan tur ang chiahin awm la, lem chang buai duh suh ang che.
Ka lamhnai leh ka nel zawngte nel lui ve tlat turin ka beisei che a, nung tura ka duh ang takin han nung ve naw naw phawt mai teh. I rilru chhungril leh i lanchhuah dan an la hriatchian ve loh vang mai chea ka chhungte leh thiante laka sawiselna leh ngaihmawh i tawk a nih chuan ka dinpui tlat thung ang che.
Fanau enkawl chungchangah sawi tel duh ka nei: Malsawmna dawnga mipangngai mipa leh hmeichhe fa kan hring ve te a nih ngai chuan kan fate hnenah inchhungkhura mipa leh hmeichhe mawhphurhna leh tih tur a awm hran thu hi zirtir thin la ka duh a ni.
I pasal hi farnu nei lova seilian a ni a, thingnawi fawm rual a nih atanga i lo lan hma thleng khan mipa mawhphurhna leh inchhungkhura hmeichhe tih tur zawng zawng thawk kawp thin mihring a nih miau avangin ka fapate chu inchhungkhurah ka retheih ang khan rethei ve lo se ka duh a, an farnute an dama an hman chhung chuan an farnute'n an rawng an bawlsak lai hmuh ka duh a ni.
Kan fapate pawh an farnute zahawmna humhimsak turin zirtir la, an thlamuanna leh innghahna tlak mipa fa ni turin kaihruai la, an nihna leh nunphung avanga an farnute'n mi zah an kaina turin enkawl ang che.
Mizo chhungkuaah hian nu leh pain mawhphurhna an pek phal loh vang leh zirtirna mumal an pek loh vanga hmeichhe nep leh tlawktlaw, nula zahpuiawm ka lo hmu fo tawh a, chumi tlukpui chiah chuan mipa fate lak tlak loh vanga an farnute pawh mite'n khaw lo tur leh nep tlawk tlawk tura an ngaih nghal hmiah ka hmu nual bawk. Chutiang fa chu 'inchhungkhurah mipa tih tur leh hmeichhe tih tur bik a awm chuang lo' tih changchawia fate mawhphurhna thliarhrang duh lo chhungkua atangin ka hmu deuh ber!
Fapate thlanlai tur emaw mahni kea ding tur emawa zirtir ngai si lova chawei dawhkan kil tawh hnua, farnute thu reng chunga, chawhmeh suak tura mipa fa tir tlat chhungkuaa mipate hi an laktlak loh tlangpuiin ka hre thin!
Kan fanute kovah hmeichhe mawhphurhna bel la, kan fapate thinlungah chiang takin mipa mawhphurhna i tuh dawn ni.
A tawp berah chuan, tlangval nun kan chhek-arbawm ve lai khan mithianghlim famkim ni bik hek lo le, a chang chuan ngamtlakte chawthing bar kual mai mai chang leh haw leh tur chuang awm lova mi chhuatlaia kan tlukzal tak mai mai zan a awm fo a, chutiang ti tura kan chhuat thlang rawn rap an awm a nih pawhin lo nerkhum mai lo la, i dawl zawh loh mihring chu hmeichhezia nena i hmachhawn hmain ka kutah i dah thin dawn nia.
Midang hnawlin ka hmangaih laklawh tawh che a, ka hmangaih tlat ang che...
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Cyber Crime Leh Mizo Society
¢ Lalthlamuana
1. THUHMAHRUAI
Cyber tih tawngkam hi Cybernetics tih a\anga lak a ni a, ICT thiltihtheihna khawvel sawina a ni. ICT hian electronics media zawng zawng - Radio, Television, Audio/Video, Internet leh Mobile Phone bakah Computer, Software, Electronics leh Telecommunication hmanrua hrang hrang a huam tel vek a ni. Heng Electronics Media hman khaw lohna avanga dan bawhchhiatna sual reng reng hi “Cyber Crime” an tih chu a ni.
Khawvel changkannain a ken tel Cyber Crime hian khawvel nunphung a tibuai nasa em em a, Mizoram hmun kilkhawr berah pawh hmun a rawn chang ta a ni. Tun hmaa misualte’n silai nena bank an rawk \hin kha tunah chuan Computer hmanga bank rawk a lo ni ta; lehkha thawn hmanga invauna (extortion) leh mi hruaibo (kidnapping) te pawh E-Mail leh Mobile Phone hmanga tih a lo ni ta bawk a; Nawhchizawrhna leh Call Girl te pawh Internet leh Mobile phone kaltlanga tih a lo ni leh ta zel a; khawvel hmun hrang hranga Terrorist-te tan inzawmkhawmna hmanraw \ha tak a lo ni ta.
Cyber crime thlen chhan tam ber hi pawisa duh vang te, phuba lak duh vang te, hlimhlawp bawl duh vang te leh intihtheihnana hman hrim hrim duh vangte a ni tlangpui. Mizote’n Cyber Crime kan tih chhan tlangpui chu hlimhlawp bawl nan leh huat zawngte tih mualpho nan a ni. Chanchinbu leh Local Channel-ah te mahni hming thupa mi chanchin sawi leh ziah vak vak kan ching te leh Mizo nula/tlangval saruak thlalak kan buaipui em em te hi kan hnam mawl vang nge, kan sual vang hrim hrim?.
Mizote zingah hian Cyber crime tih avanga case nei thei tur tam tak kan awm, chung zingah chuan Sorkar, Kohhran, NGOs te pawh kan bang chuang lo. Hei vang hi em ni sual kan palzam? Sual palzamna hian sual a ti ngampa a, chu chuan society-ah nasa takin nghawng a nei \hin. Cyber Crime avanga kan mualpho lohna tur leh kan tawrh lohna turin Cyber Crime chung chang hi i zirchiang ang u.
2. PORNOGRAPHY (SARUAK THLALAK)
Tunlaiin, Computer, Internet leh Mobile Phone-ah kan Mizo nula/tlangval sex video hmang lai leh saruak thlalak hmuh tur tam tak a awm ta mai hian kan society a barakhaih hle a ni. Hetianga mipui hmuh theih tura saruak thlalak thehdarhtute hi dan bawhchhetu an nih avangin hrem theih an ni. Mi tuin emaw pindan chhungah, tuma hmuh lohvin, saruakin thlala ta sela, chu a thlalak avang chuan dan a bawhchhia tihna a ni lo. Mipui hmuh theiha pho chhuah a nih chauhvin dan a bawhchhia tihna a ni. A chhan chu saruak thlalak hian mipui rilru a chhe lama a hruaikawi theih vang leh midangte nun a tihbuai theih vang a ni.
Mizo nula saruak thlalak tam zawk hi an duh vang renga thehdarh an nih a rinawm loh. Mituten emaw an thlalak, an nawhreh tawh hnu, an lo lak chhuah sak avanga darh ta niin a lang.
Hetianga mi saruak thlalak phochhuaktu leh thehdarhtute hi dan hmanga hrem theih an ni. A hremna dan chu IT Act, 2000 (Section 67) hnuaiah a ni a, A vawi khat thiam loh chantirna-ah kum 5 lung in tan bakah pawisa Rs. 1,00,000.00 thleng chawitir theih a ni a, vawi hnih thiam loh chantir a nih chuan kum 10 thleng lungin tan bakah pawisa Rs. 2,00,000.00 thleng chawitir theih a ni.
Nula/Tlangval Tana Thurawn:
(1) Mobile Phone leh Digital Camera hmanga thlalakte hi nawhreh (Delete/Format) tawh ni mah se, a thiam tan chuan Computer hmanga lakchhuah leh theih a ni tih hria ang che.
(2) Mobile Phone leh Computer hmanga nula/tlangval saruak thlalak inpekchhawn (transfer) hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni tih hre bawk ang che.
3. COPYRIGHT LEH PIRACY
Mi tu pawh, a neitu phalna la lova Lehkhabu, Video Film, Audio Cassette leh Computer Software te lo Copy chhawn leh sumdawn nana lo hman hi COPYRIGHT dan kalh a ni a, “PIRACY” an ti. Heng hi dan bawhchhiatna sual lian tham tak a ni.
Hetiang tihching hi Mizoram chhungah tam tak kan awm, chungho chu – (1) Kawng sira CD/DVD zuartu te leh an zawrhlai Movies te; (2) Video Library neitute leh an movies kawl laite; (3) Computer zuartute leh an Computer hralh ruala Pirated Software an thun tel ziah te; (4) Mizoram chhunga Computer Institute neitute leh an Software hman lai te; (5) Sorkar Office-a Software an hman tam zawk te; (6) Printing Press neitu te leh an Software hman te; (7) Computer neitu te leh an Software hman zawng zawng te, (8) Mobile Phone chhunga hla dah zawng zawngtu te, (9) Cable TV Operator te leh an Movies chhuah zawng zawng te, (10) English/Hindi/Korean Film te Mizo tawnga lettu leh a zuartu zawng zawng te, etc., sawi tur a tam mai sawi sen a ni lo ang.
Heng dan bawhchhetute hi dan anga hrem theih an ni a, a hremna dan chu Copyright Act 1957 (Section 51/63B) hnuaiah a ni a, ni 7 (days) atanga kum 3 (years) thleng lungin tan theih a nih bakah pawisa Rs. 50,000 atanga Rs. 2,00,000 thleng chawi theih a ni. Mahse, sumdawn nana hmang lova personal copy atana hmangtu chu lungin tang lovin pawisa Rs 50,000 thleng chawitir theih a ni.
Mipui Hnena Thurawn:
(1) Kan zaithiamte leh lemchang thiam ten, Audio/Video Cassette siam turin hun-leh-tha, sum-leh-pai tam tak an seng a, chu chu awlsam taka, nang leh keiin kan lo copy chhawn avangin an hlawk tur angin an hlawk loh phah a, Music leh Film lamah kan ram a than theih loh phah a ni tih hria ang che.
(2) I Computer leh Mobile Phone chhunga I hla dah te kha dan lo anga i neih anih avangin dan anga hrem theih I ni tih hria ang che.
4. INTERNET/ E-MAIL/ MOBILE PHONE HMAN KHAWLOHNA
Computer, Internet, e-Mail leh Mobile phone hmanga intihmualpho leh intih-hmingchhiatna hi “Cyber Defamation” an ti a, hei hi Cyber Crime chikhat a ni. Mizoram chhunga Chanchinbu leh Cable TV kal tlanga fakselna, ka vei zawng leh mipui aw programme-ah te hian SMS leh E-Mail hmangin kan huat zawng sawi chhiat nan leh tihmualpho nan kan hmang nasa hle. Hetiang platform lo siam saktute leh titute hi dan bawhchhetute an ni a, dan anga hrem theih an ni.
A tlangpuiin hetiang tih chingte hian E-Mail account lem siam chawpin an duh duh thu an ziak \hin. Tin, SMS hmanga thawntute pawhin SIM Card Pre-Paid tih nunsa, midang hminga Registered in, an duh duh thu an thawn bawk \hin. A thawntute zawnchhuah theih an nih loh chuan, a chhuahtu Chanchinbu leh Cable TV Local Channel neituten hremna hi an tuar thei a ni. A hremna dan chu IPC (Section 499) hnuaiah a ni a, A hremna chu cheng nuai hnih (Rs 2. lakhs) chawi theih anih bakah lungin tan theih a ni.
Heng bakah hian Computer, Internet, e-Mail leh Mobile phone hmanga mi vau leh tih thlabar hi “Cyber Stalking” an ti. Mi tu emaw, a hnathawhna hmuna a awm lai emaw, ama chenna ina a awm lai emaw, khawi hmun pawh ni se a tihlauthawng zawng leh tithlabar zawnga phone leh thuziak hmanga vaute hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni. Heng dan bawhchhetute hi hrem theih an ni a, a hremna dan chu IPC (Section 503) hnuaiah a ni a, a hremna chu lungin kum 2 atanga kum 7 thleng tan tir leh pawisa tam tham tak chawitir theih an ni.
Chanchinbu leh Cable TV Local Channel neitute hnena thurawn:
(1) Chanchinbu leh Cable TV Local Channel neitute’n hei hi i hria ang u – kan programme- Fakselna, Ka veizawng leh Mipui Aw-ahte hian “mawh kan phur lo ang emaw editor ngaihdan a ni kher lo” kan tih avangin dan hmaah min hum zo lo tih kan hriat a \ha ang. Chuvangin Cyber Defamation Case kan awrh hmain i fimkhur ang u.
5. MOBILE PHONE LEH SIM CARD
Mobile Phone connection hi ID Card leh Thlalak tel lo chuan pek chhuah theih a ni lova. Mahse Reseller thenkhat ten mi voter’s ID leh thlalak hmangin SIM Card tihnunsa an zuar thin. Hetianga SIM Card tih nunsa zuartu te leh mahni hming nilo SIM Card hmangtu zawng zawng te hi dan bawhchhetute an ni a, hrem theih an ni.
Hetiang tih kan chin avang hian miin kan hriat miah lovin, kan hmingin sual rawng an bawl thei a ni. Chuvangin engtik ni-ah emaw chuan tuemaw pawisawi miah lo khan hremna nasa taka tuar thei dawn a ni. Entirnan – Misual pakhat-in SIM Card tihnunsa leiin mi vau nan emaw bomb kam nan emaw lo hmang ta se, thil tisualtu hi man tumin chhui ni ta se, a tawpa an man tur chu SIM Card hming neitu kha a ni.
Tin, kan SIM Card hmanlai hi clone theih a ni a, clone anih chuan kan number hmangin midangin sual rawng an bawl thei a, SMS leh Call pawh an duh duhin an siam thei a ni. Chuvangin kan Mobile Phone te hi SIM card telin Unauthorized Service Centre-ah siamtir tura pek mai mai tur a ni lo.
Hetianga SIM Card tihnunsa zawrh leh lei leh cloning hi dan bawhchhiatna sual lian tak a ni a, dan bawhchhetute hi hrem theih an ni. A hremna dan chu IPC (Section 507) leh IT Act (Section 66) hnuaiah a ni a, a hremna chu lungin kum 2 atanga kum 7 thleng tan tir leh pawisa Rs. 2 lakh thleng chawi tir theih a ni.
Thurawn:
(1) SIM Card tihnunsa zuartute zawng zawngin hei hi i hre \heuh ang u – SIM Card tihnunsa kan zawrh avangin mipawisawiloten hremna an tawrh theih avangin SIM Card tihnunsa hi I zuar lo ngam ang u.
(2) Mahni thlalak leh voter’s ID te SIM Card booked nana midangte hman tir loh tur a ni. Tin, Mahni hming lova SIM Card neih hi dan bawhchhiatna sual anih avangin mahni hming ngeia SIM Card neih \heuh i tum ang u.
6. E-MAIL LEH SMS HMANGA INBUMNA
E-Mail leh SMS hmanga inbumna hi tunlai khawvelah a hluar hle, chu’ng zingah chuan “Nigerian Scams” hi a lar berte zinga mi a ni. Chu’ng an thu thawn tlangpui chu “Pawisa tam tak i dawng a, i bank account min hrilh la, kan rawn deposit dawn nia….. Africa ramah mi hausa tak a boral a, thurochhiah a neihloh avangin a pawisa hi i account-ah rawn dah a ni anga, 50% i ei dawn nia….. Lottery i man a, a processing fee $ 4,000 hi he account number-ah rawn deposit rawh….” tih vel an thawn \hin a, mi tam takin a tak tak emaw tiin an sawi ang angin an ti \hin a, a tawpah bumna thang a ni tih an hriat hnuin a lo tlai tawh \hin. Mizoram chhungah hetiang inbumna avanga tuar chhungkua an awm nual tawh a, chung zingah chuan in-leh-lo chan ta sawi tur an awm nual bawk. Heng in bumna lakah hian i fimkhur ang u.
Tin, E-Mail account password vawn him that tawk loh avangin kan password te hi midangin min lo hriatruksak thei a, chutiang avang chuan kan e-Mail account hmangin sual rawng an bawl thei a ni. Kumin May ni 20, 2009 khan Reverend pakhat E-Mail chu, mi tu tih hriat loh ten a e-mail password (hotmail) chu lo thlak sakin, a e-mail account hmangin Reverend thian te hnenah London a zin thu te, a wallet a tih bo thu te leh hotel bill pawh pek tur a neih loh thute a thawn a, pawisa US Dollar $ 2,500 chu Western Union kal tlanga puk tir turin a lo dil tih hriat chhuah a ni. Hetiang hian misual tuten emaw kan E-Mail hmingin sual rawngbawl nan an hmang thei a ni tih kan hriat a, kan fimkhur a tul tawh hle.
Tunlaiin e-Mail leh SMS hmangin thu pawimawh tak tak kan in thawn thin a, hemi chung changah hian fimkhurna tur tam tak kan nei – Kan thawhpui pakhat pawh a fanu-in E-Mail rawn thawnin pawisa a rawn chah a, a fanu E-Mail rawn thawnah chuan Bank Account Number kim chang tarlan a ni. Mahse, he e-mail hi misual (Hacker) in lo tidanglamin a ma bank account number-in a lo thlaksak a, tichuan, kan thawhpui chuan a fanu bank account emaw tiin pawisa a dahlut (deposite) a, mahse misualpa (Hacker) bank account-ah a lo lut daih si a, hriatchhuah a nih meuh chuan a lo tlai zo tawh a ni. Heng inbumna hi tunlai khawvelah a hluar hle a ni tih hria la, fimkhur hle ang che.
Hetianga E-mail neitu hming dik tak hmang si a, midangin thil tha lo tih nan an hman thin hi “E-Mail Spoofing” an ti a. Hei hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni a, hrem theih an ni. A hremna dan chu IPC (Section 463) hnuaiah a ni a, a hremna chu lungin kum 2 thleng tan tir bakah pawisa chawitir theih an ni.
7. INTERNET BANKING LEH ATM
Tunlai khawvel changkanna in a ken tel pawimawh tak pakhat chu Internet Banking hi a ni. Internet Banking hmangin awlsam takin Bank Account kan monitor thei a, ramdang thil pawh kan lei thei a, phaia school kal naupangte hnenah pawisa awlsam takin kan thawn thei bawk. Amaherawhchu, kan fimkhur loh chuan kan hriat miahlovin mituten emaw kan Bank Account atangin pawisa an la chhuak thei a, chuvangin Internet kaltlanga Bank Account Monitor thin tan te, Sumdawnna ti thintu tan te leh thil lei thintu tan te fimkhur a ngai hle.
Tunlaiin ATM khawl hmangin awlsam takin pawisa kan lachhuak thei tawh a, hei hian kan nun a tih awlsam phah hle. Amaherawhchu, ATM machine te hi kan hriatchian a pawimawh hle. Hmun thenkhatah chuan ATM Card Skimmer te leh Hidden Camera-te an lo fit ru thin a, chung hmang chuan kan ATM card ang chiah an siam chhuak a, PIN number an lo hreru bawk a. Tichuan ATM machine a tangin kan Bank Account te chu rawk a lo nit a thin a ni.
Phai rama zirlaite tan zirlai zir zawh hnu a, Mizoram lama lo haw chhoh dawnin Passbook leh ATM card te midang hnenah hlan chhawn emaw hralh emaw tih loh tur a ni. Hetiang tih avanga harsatna tawk mek mi thenkhat Mizoram-ah kan awm, hei hi a pawi hle a ni. Phai ramah khuan mi thenkhatin zirlai haw turte hnenah Bank Account lei tur an zawng a, an hmuh chuan bank account kaihhnawih zawng zawng, Pass Book, ATM Card (Pin No nen) an la thin a. Heng ho hian Internet kaltlangin mi Bank Account atangin pawisa an ru chhuaka, chu an pawisa ruk chhuah chu an Bank Account lei thar (zirlaite atang a an lei) ah khan an dahlut (transfer) thin a, tichuan ATM card hmangin chu pawisa chu an va lachhuak leh thin. Hetiang ang thil ah hian Mizo zirlai tam tak an awk tawh a, phaiah te lehkha zira an kalin an account te an hralh ta mai thin a, hei vang hian harsatna an tawk mek a ni. Tunah pawh Mizo tam tak hetiang avang hian an buai mek a ni.
Mipui leh Phaia zirlaite tan a thurawn
(1) ATM Machine hman dawnin Hidden Camera in vuah a awm em tih leh ATM Card Skimmer vuah a ni em tih uluk taka en thlithla hmasak thin tur a ni.
(2) Phaia lehkha zirlaiten Pass Book leh ATM Card te midang hnenah hralh emaw hlan chhawn emaw tih loh tur a ni.
8. CABLE TV NETWORK LEH LOCAL CHANNEL
Mizoramah kum 1990s chho vel atang khan Cable TV Network kan nei tana, tunah phei chuan Local Channel neiin mizo programme leh film tha tak tak chhuah thin a ni. Amaherawhchu heng kan film pek chhuah chung changah hian kan fimkhur a ngai hle. Kan fimkhur tawk loh avangin thangthar naupang, zirlai ten nun dan thalo an zir chhuah phah thei. Chuvangin, Mizoram chhunga Cable TV Operator ten hei hi i hre theuh ang u - Cable Television Networks Acts, 1995 leh Cinematograph Act, 1952 danin a phut angin eng film pawh mipui hmuha chhuah a nih hmain Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) an pal tlang ngei ngei tur a ni a, a chhuah dan tur pawh table-a mi ang hian category hrang hrang thliar a ni:
Cable TV Operator te hian heng Category thliar hrang miah lo hian, film chi hrang hrang, an duh hun hunah an chhuah thin a, heng hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni.
Tin, Local channel-a fakselna, kaveizawng leh mipuiaw programme a an vei zawng thu rawn thawntu tam berte hian mi dangte siam that duhna aiin tihmualpho duhna rilru atanga lo chhuak niin a lang. Heng avang hian Mizo mipuite min indo tir mai ang tih hlauhawm thei tak a ni. Heng programme hi khawtlang inpumkhatna tichhetheitu leh inhmelmakna thlen tir theitu hmanrua anih avangin a tha lo hle a ni. mihring nun siam thatna aiin in huatna thlen tir theitu a nih avangin Local Channel pechhuaktute pawh fimkhur deuh se a that a rinawm.
9. CYBER CAFÉ LEH INTERNET
Tute pawhina Internet man chawia an hman theihna hmun “Cyber Café” hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah a awm deuh vek awm e, Mizoram chhungah pawh hmun tam takah hmuh tur a awm. Cyber Café hmang hian kan thalai ten Internet leh e-Mail hmandan an zir thin.
Cyber Café te hi mipui vantlang hman theih tura siam a nih avangin khawvela Cyber Crime lo chhuahna hmunpui ber a ni. A tlangpuiin Cyber Café neitute hi an fimkhur lova, an Computer leh Internet hmangtute an chhinchhiah that tawk loh avangin thilsual titu dik tak manchhuah a harsat phah thin. Chuvangin Cyber Café neituten hremna an tawrh phah fo thin.
Tin, Mizoram chhunga Hotel thenkhatah, an mikhualten Internet an hman theihna turin, Wireless LAN hmangin Internet connection a free-in an pe thin. Hetianga mi hrang hrangin Internet an hman theihna hmunah reng reng hian fimkhur a ngai tak zet a ni. Kan fimkhur loh avangin kan thil tihsual ni lovah hremna kan hmachhawn thei a ni tih hi kan hriat a pawimawh hle.
Cyber Café neitute leh Hotel chhunga Internet Connection pe thinte tana thurawn:
(1) Cyber Café neitu zawng zawng ten hei hi i hria ang u – Mi tuten emaw thil sual tih nana kan Cyber Café-te an hman pawh a hremna kan pumpelh theihna turin Users Log Book vawn that leh Photo ID card nei lo te I hman tir lo ngam ang u. Tin, Photo ID Card pawh a photocopy I kawl sak ngei ngei tur a ni.
(2) Hotel neitute zawng zawng ten hei hi I hre bawk ang u – Mikhualte hman tura Internet connection a free a kan pekin Unanonymus Users hmanga Internet luh tir hi a fuh lo thei, mikhual thenkhatin Internet leh E-Mail hmangin thilsual lo ti se, chhuichhuah mai har tak a ni. Chuvangin Hotel neituten hremna kan hmachhawn hmain i fimkhur ang u.
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1. THUHMAHRUAI
Cyber tih tawngkam hi Cybernetics tih a\anga lak a ni a, ICT thiltihtheihna khawvel sawina a ni. ICT hian electronics media zawng zawng - Radio, Television, Audio/Video, Internet leh Mobile Phone bakah Computer, Software, Electronics leh Telecommunication hmanrua hrang hrang a huam tel vek a ni. Heng Electronics Media hman khaw lohna avanga dan bawhchhiatna sual reng reng hi “Cyber Crime” an tih chu a ni.
Khawvel changkannain a ken tel Cyber Crime hian khawvel nunphung a tibuai nasa em em a, Mizoram hmun kilkhawr berah pawh hmun a rawn chang ta a ni. Tun hmaa misualte’n silai nena bank an rawk \hin kha tunah chuan Computer hmanga bank rawk a lo ni ta; lehkha thawn hmanga invauna (extortion) leh mi hruaibo (kidnapping) te pawh E-Mail leh Mobile Phone hmanga tih a lo ni ta bawk a; Nawhchizawrhna leh Call Girl te pawh Internet leh Mobile phone kaltlanga tih a lo ni leh ta zel a; khawvel hmun hrang hranga Terrorist-te tan inzawmkhawmna hmanraw \ha tak a lo ni ta.
Cyber crime thlen chhan tam ber hi pawisa duh vang te, phuba lak duh vang te, hlimhlawp bawl duh vang te leh intihtheihnana hman hrim hrim duh vangte a ni tlangpui. Mizote’n Cyber Crime kan tih chhan tlangpui chu hlimhlawp bawl nan leh huat zawngte tih mualpho nan a ni. Chanchinbu leh Local Channel-ah te mahni hming thupa mi chanchin sawi leh ziah vak vak kan ching te leh Mizo nula/tlangval saruak thlalak kan buaipui em em te hi kan hnam mawl vang nge, kan sual vang hrim hrim?.
Mizote zingah hian Cyber crime tih avanga case nei thei tur tam tak kan awm, chung zingah chuan Sorkar, Kohhran, NGOs te pawh kan bang chuang lo. Hei vang hi em ni sual kan palzam? Sual palzamna hian sual a ti ngampa a, chu chuan society-ah nasa takin nghawng a nei \hin. Cyber Crime avanga kan mualpho lohna tur leh kan tawrh lohna turin Cyber Crime chung chang hi i zirchiang ang u.
2. PORNOGRAPHY (SARUAK THLALAK)
Tunlaiin, Computer, Internet leh Mobile Phone-ah kan Mizo nula/tlangval sex video hmang lai leh saruak thlalak hmuh tur tam tak a awm ta mai hian kan society a barakhaih hle a ni. Hetianga mipui hmuh theih tura saruak thlalak thehdarhtute hi dan bawhchhetu an nih avangin hrem theih an ni. Mi tuin emaw pindan chhungah, tuma hmuh lohvin, saruakin thlala ta sela, chu a thlalak avang chuan dan a bawhchhia tihna a ni lo. Mipui hmuh theiha pho chhuah a nih chauhvin dan a bawhchhia tihna a ni. A chhan chu saruak thlalak hian mipui rilru a chhe lama a hruaikawi theih vang leh midangte nun a tihbuai theih vang a ni.
Mizo nula saruak thlalak tam zawk hi an duh vang renga thehdarh an nih a rinawm loh. Mituten emaw an thlalak, an nawhreh tawh hnu, an lo lak chhuah sak avanga darh ta niin a lang.
Hetianga mi saruak thlalak phochhuaktu leh thehdarhtute hi dan hmanga hrem theih an ni. A hremna dan chu IT Act, 2000 (Section 67) hnuaiah a ni a, A vawi khat thiam loh chantirna-ah kum 5 lung in tan bakah pawisa Rs. 1,00,000.00 thleng chawitir theih a ni a, vawi hnih thiam loh chantir a nih chuan kum 10 thleng lungin tan bakah pawisa Rs. 2,00,000.00 thleng chawitir theih a ni.
Nula/Tlangval Tana Thurawn:
(1) Mobile Phone leh Digital Camera hmanga thlalakte hi nawhreh (Delete/Format) tawh ni mah se, a thiam tan chuan Computer hmanga lakchhuah leh theih a ni tih hria ang che.
(2) Mobile Phone leh Computer hmanga nula/tlangval saruak thlalak inpekchhawn (transfer) hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni tih hre bawk ang che.
3. COPYRIGHT LEH PIRACY
Mi tu pawh, a neitu phalna la lova Lehkhabu, Video Film, Audio Cassette leh Computer Software te lo Copy chhawn leh sumdawn nana lo hman hi COPYRIGHT dan kalh a ni a, “PIRACY” an ti. Heng hi dan bawhchhiatna sual lian tham tak a ni.
Hetiang tihching hi Mizoram chhungah tam tak kan awm, chungho chu – (1) Kawng sira CD/DVD zuartu te leh an zawrhlai Movies te; (2) Video Library neitute leh an movies kawl laite; (3) Computer zuartute leh an Computer hralh ruala Pirated Software an thun tel ziah te; (4) Mizoram chhunga Computer Institute neitute leh an Software hman lai te; (5) Sorkar Office-a Software an hman tam zawk te; (6) Printing Press neitu te leh an Software hman te; (7) Computer neitu te leh an Software hman zawng zawng te, (8) Mobile Phone chhunga hla dah zawng zawngtu te, (9) Cable TV Operator te leh an Movies chhuah zawng zawng te, (10) English/Hindi/Korean Film te Mizo tawnga lettu leh a zuartu zawng zawng te, etc., sawi tur a tam mai sawi sen a ni lo ang.
Heng dan bawhchhetute hi dan anga hrem theih an ni a, a hremna dan chu Copyright Act 1957 (Section 51/63B) hnuaiah a ni a, ni 7 (days) atanga kum 3 (years) thleng lungin tan theih a nih bakah pawisa Rs. 50,000 atanga Rs. 2,00,000 thleng chawi theih a ni. Mahse, sumdawn nana hmang lova personal copy atana hmangtu chu lungin tang lovin pawisa Rs 50,000 thleng chawitir theih a ni.
Mipui Hnena Thurawn:
(1) Kan zaithiamte leh lemchang thiam ten, Audio/Video Cassette siam turin hun-leh-tha, sum-leh-pai tam tak an seng a, chu chu awlsam taka, nang leh keiin kan lo copy chhawn avangin an hlawk tur angin an hlawk loh phah a, Music leh Film lamah kan ram a than theih loh phah a ni tih hria ang che.
(2) I Computer leh Mobile Phone chhunga I hla dah te kha dan lo anga i neih anih avangin dan anga hrem theih I ni tih hria ang che.
4. INTERNET/ E-MAIL/ MOBILE PHONE HMAN KHAWLOHNA
Computer, Internet, e-Mail leh Mobile phone hmanga intihmualpho leh intih-hmingchhiatna hi “Cyber Defamation” an ti a, hei hi Cyber Crime chikhat a ni. Mizoram chhunga Chanchinbu leh Cable TV kal tlanga fakselna, ka vei zawng leh mipui aw programme-ah te hian SMS leh E-Mail hmangin kan huat zawng sawi chhiat nan leh tihmualpho nan kan hmang nasa hle. Hetiang platform lo siam saktute leh titute hi dan bawhchhetute an ni a, dan anga hrem theih an ni.
A tlangpuiin hetiang tih chingte hian E-Mail account lem siam chawpin an duh duh thu an ziak \hin. Tin, SMS hmanga thawntute pawhin SIM Card Pre-Paid tih nunsa, midang hminga Registered in, an duh duh thu an thawn bawk \hin. A thawntute zawnchhuah theih an nih loh chuan, a chhuahtu Chanchinbu leh Cable TV Local Channel neituten hremna hi an tuar thei a ni. A hremna dan chu IPC (Section 499) hnuaiah a ni a, A hremna chu cheng nuai hnih (Rs 2. lakhs) chawi theih anih bakah lungin tan theih a ni.
Heng bakah hian Computer, Internet, e-Mail leh Mobile phone hmanga mi vau leh tih thlabar hi “Cyber Stalking” an ti. Mi tu emaw, a hnathawhna hmuna a awm lai emaw, ama chenna ina a awm lai emaw, khawi hmun pawh ni se a tihlauthawng zawng leh tithlabar zawnga phone leh thuziak hmanga vaute hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni. Heng dan bawhchhetute hi hrem theih an ni a, a hremna dan chu IPC (Section 503) hnuaiah a ni a, a hremna chu lungin kum 2 atanga kum 7 thleng tan tir leh pawisa tam tham tak chawitir theih an ni.
Chanchinbu leh Cable TV Local Channel neitute hnena thurawn:
(1) Chanchinbu leh Cable TV Local Channel neitute’n hei hi i hria ang u – kan programme- Fakselna, Ka veizawng leh Mipui Aw-ahte hian “mawh kan phur lo ang emaw editor ngaihdan a ni kher lo” kan tih avangin dan hmaah min hum zo lo tih kan hriat a \ha ang. Chuvangin Cyber Defamation Case kan awrh hmain i fimkhur ang u.
5. MOBILE PHONE LEH SIM CARD
Mobile Phone connection hi ID Card leh Thlalak tel lo chuan pek chhuah theih a ni lova. Mahse Reseller thenkhat ten mi voter’s ID leh thlalak hmangin SIM Card tihnunsa an zuar thin. Hetianga SIM Card tih nunsa zuartu te leh mahni hming nilo SIM Card hmangtu zawng zawng te hi dan bawhchhetute an ni a, hrem theih an ni.
Hetiang tih kan chin avang hian miin kan hriat miah lovin, kan hmingin sual rawng an bawl thei a ni. Chuvangin engtik ni-ah emaw chuan tuemaw pawisawi miah lo khan hremna nasa taka tuar thei dawn a ni. Entirnan – Misual pakhat-in SIM Card tihnunsa leiin mi vau nan emaw bomb kam nan emaw lo hmang ta se, thil tisualtu hi man tumin chhui ni ta se, a tawpa an man tur chu SIM Card hming neitu kha a ni.
Tin, kan SIM Card hmanlai hi clone theih a ni a, clone anih chuan kan number hmangin midangin sual rawng an bawl thei a, SMS leh Call pawh an duh duhin an siam thei a ni. Chuvangin kan Mobile Phone te hi SIM card telin Unauthorized Service Centre-ah siamtir tura pek mai mai tur a ni lo.
Hetianga SIM Card tihnunsa zawrh leh lei leh cloning hi dan bawhchhiatna sual lian tak a ni a, dan bawhchhetute hi hrem theih an ni. A hremna dan chu IPC (Section 507) leh IT Act (Section 66) hnuaiah a ni a, a hremna chu lungin kum 2 atanga kum 7 thleng tan tir leh pawisa Rs. 2 lakh thleng chawi tir theih a ni.
Thurawn:
(1) SIM Card tihnunsa zuartute zawng zawngin hei hi i hre \heuh ang u – SIM Card tihnunsa kan zawrh avangin mipawisawiloten hremna an tawrh theih avangin SIM Card tihnunsa hi I zuar lo ngam ang u.
(2) Mahni thlalak leh voter’s ID te SIM Card booked nana midangte hman tir loh tur a ni. Tin, Mahni hming lova SIM Card neih hi dan bawhchhiatna sual anih avangin mahni hming ngeia SIM Card neih \heuh i tum ang u.
6. E-MAIL LEH SMS HMANGA INBUMNA
E-Mail leh SMS hmanga inbumna hi tunlai khawvelah a hluar hle, chu’ng zingah chuan “Nigerian Scams” hi a lar berte zinga mi a ni. Chu’ng an thu thawn tlangpui chu “Pawisa tam tak i dawng a, i bank account min hrilh la, kan rawn deposit dawn nia….. Africa ramah mi hausa tak a boral a, thurochhiah a neihloh avangin a pawisa hi i account-ah rawn dah a ni anga, 50% i ei dawn nia….. Lottery i man a, a processing fee $ 4,000 hi he account number-ah rawn deposit rawh….” tih vel an thawn \hin a, mi tam takin a tak tak emaw tiin an sawi ang angin an ti \hin a, a tawpah bumna thang a ni tih an hriat hnuin a lo tlai tawh \hin. Mizoram chhungah hetiang inbumna avanga tuar chhungkua an awm nual tawh a, chung zingah chuan in-leh-lo chan ta sawi tur an awm nual bawk. Heng in bumna lakah hian i fimkhur ang u.
Tin, E-Mail account password vawn him that tawk loh avangin kan password te hi midangin min lo hriatruksak thei a, chutiang avang chuan kan e-Mail account hmangin sual rawng an bawl thei a ni. Kumin May ni 20, 2009 khan Reverend pakhat E-Mail chu, mi tu tih hriat loh ten a e-mail password (hotmail) chu lo thlak sakin, a e-mail account hmangin Reverend thian te hnenah London a zin thu te, a wallet a tih bo thu te leh hotel bill pawh pek tur a neih loh thute a thawn a, pawisa US Dollar $ 2,500 chu Western Union kal tlanga puk tir turin a lo dil tih hriat chhuah a ni. Hetiang hian misual tuten emaw kan E-Mail hmingin sual rawngbawl nan an hmang thei a ni tih kan hriat a, kan fimkhur a tul tawh hle.
Tunlaiin e-Mail leh SMS hmangin thu pawimawh tak tak kan in thawn thin a, hemi chung changah hian fimkhurna tur tam tak kan nei – Kan thawhpui pakhat pawh a fanu-in E-Mail rawn thawnin pawisa a rawn chah a, a fanu E-Mail rawn thawnah chuan Bank Account Number kim chang tarlan a ni. Mahse, he e-mail hi misual (Hacker) in lo tidanglamin a ma bank account number-in a lo thlaksak a, tichuan, kan thawhpui chuan a fanu bank account emaw tiin pawisa a dahlut (deposite) a, mahse misualpa (Hacker) bank account-ah a lo lut daih si a, hriatchhuah a nih meuh chuan a lo tlai zo tawh a ni. Heng inbumna hi tunlai khawvelah a hluar hle a ni tih hria la, fimkhur hle ang che.
Hetianga E-mail neitu hming dik tak hmang si a, midangin thil tha lo tih nan an hman thin hi “E-Mail Spoofing” an ti a. Hei hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni a, hrem theih an ni. A hremna dan chu IPC (Section 463) hnuaiah a ni a, a hremna chu lungin kum 2 thleng tan tir bakah pawisa chawitir theih an ni.
7. INTERNET BANKING LEH ATM
Tunlai khawvel changkanna in a ken tel pawimawh tak pakhat chu Internet Banking hi a ni. Internet Banking hmangin awlsam takin Bank Account kan monitor thei a, ramdang thil pawh kan lei thei a, phaia school kal naupangte hnenah pawisa awlsam takin kan thawn thei bawk. Amaherawhchu, kan fimkhur loh chuan kan hriat miahlovin mituten emaw kan Bank Account atangin pawisa an la chhuak thei a, chuvangin Internet kaltlanga Bank Account Monitor thin tan te, Sumdawnna ti thintu tan te leh thil lei thintu tan te fimkhur a ngai hle.
Tunlaiin ATM khawl hmangin awlsam takin pawisa kan lachhuak thei tawh a, hei hian kan nun a tih awlsam phah hle. Amaherawhchu, ATM machine te hi kan hriatchian a pawimawh hle. Hmun thenkhatah chuan ATM Card Skimmer te leh Hidden Camera-te an lo fit ru thin a, chung hmang chuan kan ATM card ang chiah an siam chhuak a, PIN number an lo hreru bawk a. Tichuan ATM machine a tangin kan Bank Account te chu rawk a lo nit a thin a ni.
Phai rama zirlaite tan zirlai zir zawh hnu a, Mizoram lama lo haw chhoh dawnin Passbook leh ATM card te midang hnenah hlan chhawn emaw hralh emaw tih loh tur a ni. Hetiang tih avanga harsatna tawk mek mi thenkhat Mizoram-ah kan awm, hei hi a pawi hle a ni. Phai ramah khuan mi thenkhatin zirlai haw turte hnenah Bank Account lei tur an zawng a, an hmuh chuan bank account kaihhnawih zawng zawng, Pass Book, ATM Card (Pin No nen) an la thin a. Heng ho hian Internet kaltlangin mi Bank Account atangin pawisa an ru chhuaka, chu an pawisa ruk chhuah chu an Bank Account lei thar (zirlaite atang a an lei) ah khan an dahlut (transfer) thin a, tichuan ATM card hmangin chu pawisa chu an va lachhuak leh thin. Hetiang ang thil ah hian Mizo zirlai tam tak an awk tawh a, phaiah te lehkha zira an kalin an account te an hralh ta mai thin a, hei vang hian harsatna an tawk mek a ni. Tunah pawh Mizo tam tak hetiang avang hian an buai mek a ni.
Mipui leh Phaia zirlaite tan a thurawn
(1) ATM Machine hman dawnin Hidden Camera in vuah a awm em tih leh ATM Card Skimmer vuah a ni em tih uluk taka en thlithla hmasak thin tur a ni.
(2) Phaia lehkha zirlaiten Pass Book leh ATM Card te midang hnenah hralh emaw hlan chhawn emaw tih loh tur a ni.
8. CABLE TV NETWORK LEH LOCAL CHANNEL
Mizoramah kum 1990s chho vel atang khan Cable TV Network kan nei tana, tunah phei chuan Local Channel neiin mizo programme leh film tha tak tak chhuah thin a ni. Amaherawhchu heng kan film pek chhuah chung changah hian kan fimkhur a ngai hle. Kan fimkhur tawk loh avangin thangthar naupang, zirlai ten nun dan thalo an zir chhuah phah thei. Chuvangin, Mizoram chhunga Cable TV Operator ten hei hi i hre theuh ang u - Cable Television Networks Acts, 1995 leh Cinematograph Act, 1952 danin a phut angin eng film pawh mipui hmuha chhuah a nih hmain Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) an pal tlang ngei ngei tur a ni a, a chhuah dan tur pawh table-a mi ang hian category hrang hrang thliar a ni:
Cable TV Operator te hian heng Category thliar hrang miah lo hian, film chi hrang hrang, an duh hun hunah an chhuah thin a, heng hi dan bawhchhiatna sual a ni.
Tin, Local channel-a fakselna, kaveizawng leh mipuiaw programme a an vei zawng thu rawn thawntu tam berte hian mi dangte siam that duhna aiin tihmualpho duhna rilru atanga lo chhuak niin a lang. Heng avang hian Mizo mipuite min indo tir mai ang tih hlauhawm thei tak a ni. Heng programme hi khawtlang inpumkhatna tichhetheitu leh inhmelmakna thlen tir theitu hmanrua anih avangin a tha lo hle a ni. mihring nun siam thatna aiin in huatna thlen tir theitu a nih avangin Local Channel pechhuaktute pawh fimkhur deuh se a that a rinawm.
9. CYBER CAFÉ LEH INTERNET
Tute pawhina Internet man chawia an hman theihna hmun “Cyber Café” hi khawvel hmun hrang hrangah a awm deuh vek awm e, Mizoram chhungah pawh hmun tam takah hmuh tur a awm. Cyber Café hmang hian kan thalai ten Internet leh e-Mail hmandan an zir thin.
Cyber Café te hi mipui vantlang hman theih tura siam a nih avangin khawvela Cyber Crime lo chhuahna hmunpui ber a ni. A tlangpuiin Cyber Café neitute hi an fimkhur lova, an Computer leh Internet hmangtute an chhinchhiah that tawk loh avangin thilsual titu dik tak manchhuah a harsat phah thin. Chuvangin Cyber Café neituten hremna an tawrh phah fo thin.
Tin, Mizoram chhunga Hotel thenkhatah, an mikhualten Internet an hman theihna turin, Wireless LAN hmangin Internet connection a free-in an pe thin. Hetianga mi hrang hrangin Internet an hman theihna hmunah reng reng hian fimkhur a ngai tak zet a ni. Kan fimkhur loh avangin kan thil tihsual ni lovah hremna kan hmachhawn thei a ni tih hi kan hriat a pawimawh hle.
Cyber Café neitute leh Hotel chhunga Internet Connection pe thinte tana thurawn:
(1) Cyber Café neitu zawng zawng ten hei hi i hria ang u – Mi tuten emaw thil sual tih nana kan Cyber Café-te an hman pawh a hremna kan pumpelh theihna turin Users Log Book vawn that leh Photo ID card nei lo te I hman tir lo ngam ang u. Tin, Photo ID Card pawh a photocopy I kawl sak ngei ngei tur a ni.
(2) Hotel neitute zawng zawng ten hei hi I hre bawk ang u – Mikhualte hman tura Internet connection a free a kan pekin Unanonymus Users hmanga Internet luh tir hi a fuh lo thei, mikhual thenkhatin Internet leh E-Mail hmangin thilsual lo ti se, chhuichhuah mai har tak a ni. Chuvangin Hotel neituten hremna kan hmachhawn hmain i fimkhur ang u.
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Pafa-a Footballer Lar Ni Theite - II
¢ Hmingsanga
Kar hmasa khan pafaa footbll khawvela hming chherte chanchin kan tarlang tawh a. Tunah han chhunzawm leh ila.
Anthimos & Michalis Kapsis
Kum 1971 khan Anthimos Kapsis chu Greece club Panathinaikos leh Ajax te'n European Cup final an khelh khan Panathinaikos tan khelin anmahni lamah he defender hian a ti goal palh hlauh mai. Greece tan vawi 30 chuang a khel a, Euro 80-ah pawh khan Greece hmingin a la khel a. A fapa Michalis hi Euro 2004-a Greece an champion khan a tel phak ve leh tawh. A pa ang bawkin Michalis pawh hi defender a ni a, ram tan vawi 30 chuang a khel tawh bawk.
Juan Ramon & Juan Sebastien Veron
Ramon leh a fapa Sebastien te hi hming lemah La Bruja (The Witch) tih leh La Brujita (Little Witch) tia sawi thin an ni.
A pa zawk Ramon hi Argentina tan khel phak ni lo mah se bal thiam tia hriat lar a ni thin a. A vanglaiin Argentinian club Estudiantes-ah a khel thin a, Copa Libertadores-ah vawi thum lai champion a nih pui. A fapa Sebastien Veron hi chu a chanchin sawi thui a ngai lo ang. Estudiantes-ah bultanin Boca Juniors-ah a hming a chher a, Lazio leh Inter Milan-ah a hming a thang a. Manchester United leh Chelsea-ah player tha a nihzia a lantir chhunzawm bawk. A bultanna club Estudiantes-ah let lehin team captain a ni a, 2010 World Cup-a Argentina an tlin theihna tura player pawimawh a nih avangin an coach Maradona chuan nakkum World Cup-a Argentina tana khel tur player pali a thlan sa tawh zingah a tel.
Fabio & Carlo Cudicini
Fabio Cudicini chu 50’s, 60’s leh 70’s tir lam thleng khan Italy-a goalkeeper hmingthang ber leh hriat hlawh ber pawl a ni. AC Milan-a a khelh chhungin European Cup-ah champion a nih pui a. A fapa Carlo Cudicini chuan a pa hnung zuiin AC Milan a zawm ve. Milan-a a awm chhungin a veng phak meuh lo. English Club Chelsea a zawm hnuah erawh no I keeper a ni reng thin a. Chelsea-ah kum 10 zet a cham hnu-ah Tottenham-ah second choice keeper a ni mek.
Johan & Jordi Cruyff
Johan Cruyff-a hi football khawvelah tunge a nih inhrilhchawp a ngai lo. Netherland-in footballer a hrinchhuah tawh zinga tha ber, thiam ber nihna vawi duai lo lo hauh tawh a ni. He'ng club- Ajax, Barcelona Feyenord-ah tea a khelh laiin a hming a thang zual. A fapa Jordi pawhin a pa hnung zuiin hun engemaw ti lai khan a lar hman viau. Barcelona leh Man United-ah pawh a khel tawh thin. Tunah hian upa deuh tawh mah se Malta-a club pakhat Valletta-ah khelin assistant manager nihna nen a kawp mek.
Manuel Sanchis Martinez & Hontiyuelo
A vanglai chuan Manuel Sanchis Martinez hi Real Madrid defender hlun leh mite hriat hlawh tak a ni thin. Kum 1966 khan Madrid chu European Cup-ah champion a nihpui. 1966 World Cup pawh khan Spain hmingin a khel phak. A fapa Manuel Sanchis Hontiyuelo pawhin Real Madrid chu Champions League-ah 98 leh 2000-ah te khan champion a nih pui thei a ni.
Wlodzimierz & Ebi Smolarek
Wlodzimierz Smolarek hi Poland striker piang tawh zingah a tha ber tia sawi thin a ni. 1982 World Cup leh 1986 World Cup-ah te khan Poland tan a thawh hlawk hle. A fapa Ebi hi Portuguese great Eusebio hming chawia a hming hi sak a ni a, Dutch club Feyenoord youth system ah a pa coach a nih lai atanga inzirchhuak a ni. Tunah hian national team-a player pawimawh berte zingah a sawi theih awm e.
Carles & Sergio Busquets
Carles Busquets hi 90’s vela Barcelona keeper thin kha a ni. Kha tih lai khan Spain keeper tha bera ngaih Andoni Zubizrreta tha chhang dawltu ber a ni thin. Kum 1991 Cup Winners Cup final Man United nen an khelh tum khan a khel a, mahse a vanduai zawkah an tang. European Cup 92-ah erawh Barca chu champion a nih pui. A fapa Sergio hi Barcelona academy atanga inzirchhuak a ni a, tunah hian senior team-ah khel tawhin a pa anga goal vengtua tang lovin defensive midfielder a ni. Busquets hian kum 2013 thleng Barca-ah contract a nei a, leichhuak duh an awm a nih pawhin a man hi € 80 million vel a nih ngei rin a ni.
Pablo and Diego Forlan
Pablo Forlan hi Uruguayan international a ni thin. Peñarol, São Paulo FC, Cruzeiro EC Nacional de Montevideo,Defensor Sporting-ah te a khel tawh thin. Hetih chhung hian Uruguayan league, Copa Libertadores, Intercontinental Cup leh São Paulo state championship ah te champion no mawi lo chawi tawh thintu a ni. An ram aiawhin 1966 leh 1974-ah te khan World Cup a khel tawh bawk.
A fapa, Atletico Madrid striker Diego Forlan hi Manchester United-in an lei khan a chetha tehchiam lo. Spain-ah a kir leh a, a hming a chher thar hle a, La Liga-ah Top scorer nihna Pichichi pawh vawi hnih dawng tawhin Europe-a league hrang hranga top scorer-te zingah pawh goal a thun hnem ber avangin European Golden Shoe pawh vawi hnih a dawng tawh bawk.
Jean & Youri Djorkaeff
Jean Djorkaeff French international thin a ni a. A inkhelh tan tir lamah striker a ni thin a, mahse a hming a chherna tak erawh chu defender a a inleh hnuah a ni. French League-ah game 500 vel a khel a, 1966 World Cup khan France hmingin a khel ve. Inkhelh a chawlhsan hnuah French club leh Armenian national team enkawl hna a thawk tawh thin.
A fapa Youri Djorkaeff hian a pa ai chuan club leh ramah hlawtlinna a nei hnem zawk. Cup Winners Cup-ah Paris Saint Germain-a a khelh laiin champion an ni a, 1996 & 98-ah Inter Milan-a a khelh laiin UEFA Cup-ah an champion. 1998 World Cup leh Euro 2000-ah te khan France chu a champion pui bawk.
Miguel and Pepe Reina
Miguel Reina chu Barcelona leh Atletico Madrid goalkeeper lo ni tawh thin a ni a, Spain aiawh pawhin a lo khel fo tawh. Chu'ng chu 1980 hma lam thil a ni. Tunah hian fapa hun a thleng ve mek. A fapa Pepe Reina chu Liverpool keeper rinawm hi a ni. Liverpool a zawm hma chuan a pa khelh thinna Barcelona-ah a khel ve thin. Mahse chance a nei mumal lo.
Chumi hnuah Villarreal lamah insawnin a hming a chher hle. Hei vang hian Liverpool chuan an keeper mamawh lai takin Reina hi an mamawh chhanna ni turin an lei thei ta hlauh. Tunah chuan Premier League-a keeper tha pawl a ni.
Harry and Jamie Redknapp
Harry Redknapp chu West Ham United leh Bournemouth midfielder chhuanvawr leh innghahna a ni, a vanglai chuan. Tunah hian Tottenham boss a ni mek. English football-a manager experince nei tha pawl a ni ngei ang. Kum 2008 khan rin loh deuhin FA Cup ah a enkawl Portsmouth chu champion a nihpui a. A fapa Jamie Redknapp pawh midfielder a ni. A pa enkawlna hnuaiah Bournemouth leh Southampton ah te a khel tawh a. Livepool a khelh lai kha a hmingthat ber lai a ni awm e. England tan U-21 ah leh senior team-ah pawh a khel tawh thin.
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Kar hmasa khan pafaa footbll khawvela hming chherte chanchin kan tarlang tawh a. Tunah han chhunzawm leh ila.
Anthimos & Michalis Kapsis
Kum 1971 khan Anthimos Kapsis chu Greece club Panathinaikos leh Ajax te'n European Cup final an khelh khan Panathinaikos tan khelin anmahni lamah he defender hian a ti goal palh hlauh mai. Greece tan vawi 30 chuang a khel a, Euro 80-ah pawh khan Greece hmingin a la khel a. A fapa Michalis hi Euro 2004-a Greece an champion khan a tel phak ve leh tawh. A pa ang bawkin Michalis pawh hi defender a ni a, ram tan vawi 30 chuang a khel tawh bawk.
Juan Ramon & Juan Sebastien Veron
Ramon leh a fapa Sebastien te hi hming lemah La Bruja (The Witch) tih leh La Brujita (Little Witch) tia sawi thin an ni.
A pa zawk Ramon hi Argentina tan khel phak ni lo mah se bal thiam tia hriat lar a ni thin a. A vanglaiin Argentinian club Estudiantes-ah a khel thin a, Copa Libertadores-ah vawi thum lai champion a nih pui. A fapa Sebastien Veron hi chu a chanchin sawi thui a ngai lo ang. Estudiantes-ah bultanin Boca Juniors-ah a hming a chher a, Lazio leh Inter Milan-ah a hming a thang a. Manchester United leh Chelsea-ah player tha a nihzia a lantir chhunzawm bawk. A bultanna club Estudiantes-ah let lehin team captain a ni a, 2010 World Cup-a Argentina an tlin theihna tura player pawimawh a nih avangin an coach Maradona chuan nakkum World Cup-a Argentina tana khel tur player pali a thlan sa tawh zingah a tel.
Fabio & Carlo Cudicini
Fabio Cudicini chu 50’s, 60’s leh 70’s tir lam thleng khan Italy-a goalkeeper hmingthang ber leh hriat hlawh ber pawl a ni. AC Milan-a a khelh chhungin European Cup-ah champion a nih pui a. A fapa Carlo Cudicini chuan a pa hnung zuiin AC Milan a zawm ve. Milan-a a awm chhungin a veng phak meuh lo. English Club Chelsea a zawm hnuah erawh no I keeper a ni reng thin a. Chelsea-ah kum 10 zet a cham hnu-ah Tottenham-ah second choice keeper a ni mek.
Johan & Jordi Cruyff
Johan Cruyff-a hi football khawvelah tunge a nih inhrilhchawp a ngai lo. Netherland-in footballer a hrinchhuah tawh zinga tha ber, thiam ber nihna vawi duai lo lo hauh tawh a ni. He'ng club- Ajax, Barcelona Feyenord-ah tea a khelh laiin a hming a thang zual. A fapa Jordi pawhin a pa hnung zuiin hun engemaw ti lai khan a lar hman viau. Barcelona leh Man United-ah pawh a khel tawh thin. Tunah hian upa deuh tawh mah se Malta-a club pakhat Valletta-ah khelin assistant manager nihna nen a kawp mek.
Manuel Sanchis Martinez & Hontiyuelo
A vanglai chuan Manuel Sanchis Martinez hi Real Madrid defender hlun leh mite hriat hlawh tak a ni thin. Kum 1966 khan Madrid chu European Cup-ah champion a nihpui. 1966 World Cup pawh khan Spain hmingin a khel phak. A fapa Manuel Sanchis Hontiyuelo pawhin Real Madrid chu Champions League-ah 98 leh 2000-ah te khan champion a nih pui thei a ni.
Wlodzimierz & Ebi Smolarek
Wlodzimierz Smolarek hi Poland striker piang tawh zingah a tha ber tia sawi thin a ni. 1982 World Cup leh 1986 World Cup-ah te khan Poland tan a thawh hlawk hle. A fapa Ebi hi Portuguese great Eusebio hming chawia a hming hi sak a ni a, Dutch club Feyenoord youth system ah a pa coach a nih lai atanga inzirchhuak a ni. Tunah hian national team-a player pawimawh berte zingah a sawi theih awm e.
Carles & Sergio Busquets
Carles Busquets hi 90’s vela Barcelona keeper thin kha a ni. Kha tih lai khan Spain keeper tha bera ngaih Andoni Zubizrreta tha chhang dawltu ber a ni thin. Kum 1991 Cup Winners Cup final Man United nen an khelh tum khan a khel a, mahse a vanduai zawkah an tang. European Cup 92-ah erawh Barca chu champion a nih pui. A fapa Sergio hi Barcelona academy atanga inzirchhuak a ni a, tunah hian senior team-ah khel tawhin a pa anga goal vengtua tang lovin defensive midfielder a ni. Busquets hian kum 2013 thleng Barca-ah contract a nei a, leichhuak duh an awm a nih pawhin a man hi € 80 million vel a nih ngei rin a ni.
Pablo and Diego Forlan
Pablo Forlan hi Uruguayan international a ni thin. Peñarol, São Paulo FC, Cruzeiro EC Nacional de Montevideo,Defensor Sporting-ah te a khel tawh thin. Hetih chhung hian Uruguayan league, Copa Libertadores, Intercontinental Cup leh São Paulo state championship ah te champion no mawi lo chawi tawh thintu a ni. An ram aiawhin 1966 leh 1974-ah te khan World Cup a khel tawh bawk.
A fapa, Atletico Madrid striker Diego Forlan hi Manchester United-in an lei khan a chetha tehchiam lo. Spain-ah a kir leh a, a hming a chher thar hle a, La Liga-ah Top scorer nihna Pichichi pawh vawi hnih dawng tawhin Europe-a league hrang hranga top scorer-te zingah pawh goal a thun hnem ber avangin European Golden Shoe pawh vawi hnih a dawng tawh bawk.
Jean & Youri Djorkaeff
Jean Djorkaeff French international thin a ni a. A inkhelh tan tir lamah striker a ni thin a, mahse a hming a chherna tak erawh chu defender a a inleh hnuah a ni. French League-ah game 500 vel a khel a, 1966 World Cup khan France hmingin a khel ve. Inkhelh a chawlhsan hnuah French club leh Armenian national team enkawl hna a thawk tawh thin.
A fapa Youri Djorkaeff hian a pa ai chuan club leh ramah hlawtlinna a nei hnem zawk. Cup Winners Cup-ah Paris Saint Germain-a a khelh laiin champion an ni a, 1996 & 98-ah Inter Milan-a a khelh laiin UEFA Cup-ah an champion. 1998 World Cup leh Euro 2000-ah te khan France chu a champion pui bawk.
Miguel and Pepe Reina
Miguel Reina chu Barcelona leh Atletico Madrid goalkeeper lo ni tawh thin a ni a, Spain aiawh pawhin a lo khel fo tawh. Chu'ng chu 1980 hma lam thil a ni. Tunah hian fapa hun a thleng ve mek. A fapa Pepe Reina chu Liverpool keeper rinawm hi a ni. Liverpool a zawm hma chuan a pa khelh thinna Barcelona-ah a khel ve thin. Mahse chance a nei mumal lo.
Chumi hnuah Villarreal lamah insawnin a hming a chher hle. Hei vang hian Liverpool chuan an keeper mamawh lai takin Reina hi an mamawh chhanna ni turin an lei thei ta hlauh. Tunah chuan Premier League-a keeper tha pawl a ni.
Harry and Jamie Redknapp
Harry Redknapp chu West Ham United leh Bournemouth midfielder chhuanvawr leh innghahna a ni, a vanglai chuan. Tunah hian Tottenham boss a ni mek. English football-a manager experince nei tha pawl a ni ngei ang. Kum 2008 khan rin loh deuhin FA Cup ah a enkawl Portsmouth chu champion a nihpui a. A fapa Jamie Redknapp pawh midfielder a ni. A pa enkawlna hnuaiah Bournemouth leh Southampton ah te a khel tawh a. Livepool a khelh lai kha a hmingthat ber lai a ni awm e. England tan U-21 ah leh senior team-ah pawh a khel tawh thin.
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FOR AN EVENING PARTY
¢ Debbie Chawngthu
Zofa te pawh hna thawk ngawr ngawr lovin intihhlimna hun inpek pawh kan thiam ve tawh hle a, a bikin thalai te phei chuan kan uar tawh hle niin a lang. Heng hunah tak hian tan la duh tan chuan tan lakna hun tha a ni a, intuai hnum dan kawng thenkhatte i han thlir ho teh ang.
I inchei hmain thawk han la phawt mai la, rilru zangkhai tak nei chungin inchei tan ang che. I hmai i chei dawn anih chuan i sam hnunglamah tawn vek phawt la, tichuan i duh ang tawkin i hmai i chei thei ang. I sam pawh fai taka suin a huh laiin i duh angin dimtein set la, a ro hunah pawh a nalh phah sawt ang. I kut tin ngun takin en la, i nail polish hnawih a khem em? A khem anih chuan tifai vek la, hnawih lehna hun i nei lo anih pawhin hnawih lo khan kalpui mai zawk ang che. Nail polish hnawih ve lem si, khem nian nuan hi chu tlangval te mit tikham tu pakhat a tling ve ania. Tin hnawih reng reng hi inbual hmain tifai vek la, inbualnaah brush ila, a fai duh bik a ni. Tin, nail polish hnawih thin tena kan hriat reng tur chu karkhatah vawikhat tal tihfaina hun inpek hi a ni. Tihfai hnu darkar 24 chhung tal hnawih lovin awm sela, hetih chhung hian boruak tha a hip ve thei dawn a ni. Tifai lova rei tak dah reng chu tinin a hua a, a hnuah a eng a, tin var neih leh a har em em a ni.
I haw tlaia zan lam chhuah leh nghal i duh anih chuan i mit cheina kha tireh lo mai la, tlem hnawih belh leh mai rawh. I hman hram chuan i mit cheina tih loh chu oil emaw cleansing milk in tifai la, i hmui hmaih suh ang che. Hmai mawm lutuk tur ven nan powder inhnawihin lipstick lar lam inhnawih ang che. Party na hmunah chuan hmel tharlam put hi a nuam a, tharlam tak ni aiI inhriat chuan i lang tharlam bawk ang. Inchei hi inbual fai hnu hian a nuam bik a, taksa a fai chuan rilru pawh a harh bik nge nge thin. Inbual zawha i inhruk hul velah body lotion inhnawih nghal la, body spray i hmang thin anih chuan lotion i inhnawih zawhah inhnawih leh nghal la, a rim a rei bik ang. Foundation hmang thin i nih pawhin chhah takin inhnawih lo hram ang che, tlem te hmangin face powder inhnawih leh zawk ang che. Powder hi a cake chi aiin a dip pangngai hi hnawih a rual duh a, a lang nalh zawk bawk. Powder i inhnawih hnuah chuan i biangah hnawihsen (blusher) sen lutuk lo leh lang natural thei ang ber hnawih ang che. Mascara hian mit meng a ti mawi danglam duh hle a, vawikhat i hnawih hnuah a la ro chiah lo tihin hnawih nawn leh ang che. Eyelash curler hmang thin i nih chuan mascara hman hmain i mit hmul chu chep er la, mascara hman hnua i mit i chep er anih chuan i mit hmul a tla nasa thei a ni.
I mit hnawih iuluk ang bawkin i hmui hnawih uluk ang che. Zan lamah hi chuan lipstick rawng lar hi a nalh ber a, sam tawn chung phei chuan hmui a langsarin a mawi duh bik bawk. Lipstick i inhnawih zawhin lip gloss hman theihnghilh suh ang che. Tichuan, i thawmhnaw duh ber kha han ha la, a fuh leh fuh lo lai inbih chiang ang che. Nalh taka inchei hi a pawimawh a, rilru leh taksa tan pawh a hrisel a ni. Mahse chu ai maha pawimawh chu ‘nungchang’ hi a ni a, nalh viau mah la i nungchangin a zir loh chuan i nalh famkim thei lo ang. Mi zinga i awmin i hawiher thlengin uluk la, mi biangbiak dan te pawh hi a inzir theih fu ania. Tawng tam lutuk lovin midang tawng ngaihthlak thiam zir bawk la, hmel ngui leh tum bur bula awm te hi thil nuam lo tak a ni a, hmel hlim put tum hram hram ang che. Nuih hi man nei lo mahse a hlu em em a, mite rilruah nasa takin hna a thawk thei a ni. A bikin hmeichhia te hi puipunnah kan titi tui thei hle a, midang chanchin sawi chang pawhin an chhiatna lam ni lovin an thatna hailang tu ni la, i bul ami te pawhin an rin mai bakah i bula awm nuam an lo ti zawk ang. Party na reng rengah kawr rawng lar ha la, mi zingah pawh i langsar ang. Mahse rawng lar i inhmeh lo anih chuan inbel duh lem suh, midang nalh pui hi kan lo nalhpui ve kher lo thei ania. Mize mak tak tak karah biak that deuha signal hmu sual te pawh an lo awm ve thei a, biak that tur then hran thiam hi a pawimawh hle a ni. Hmeichhia te hi chuan lipstick leh powder te han inhnawih that kan duh thin a, mi zinga kan awm lai anih chuan kan bula mi te hnenah tawngkam mawi takin tih tur i nei tih hrilh la, kalsan chauh ang che. Engmah sawi lem lo a i kalsan chuan ngaihdan an lo nei ve thei a ni. Puipunnaa biak chak zawng i hmu anih pawhin zak lo takin pawh mai lo la, i mitmei hmuh phawt la, chuta a melh dan che azirin biak dan tawk thiam ang che. A mitmei a hmuh lem lo che anih chuan biak kher tum lo la, a fel zawk ang.
Intihhlimnaah sawm i nih chuan thleng hma lutuk duh suh, ngaih pawimawh loh zingah i tel ang. Tan hun an bithliah atanga darkar 1 hnu velah han thleng la, mite lawm i hlawh zawk ang.Tin, intihhlimna reng rengah hian a tawp rat thlenga awm hi a tul ber kher lo a, midangin min la ngai pawimawh ani tih hriat laia inthiarfihlim hi mite rilru lakna tha ber pakhat a ni. Mahni chanchin sawi hi tupawhin nuam kan ti vek a, mahse i bul ami khan i inngaih pawimawh angin a ngai pawimawh kher lo che tih hria la, a sawi duh zawng te pawh ngaihthlak sak ang che. A tuina zawng te hriat han tum la, i tui ve kher lo anih pawhin han ngaithla la, chu chu thian tha siamna kawng tha tak a ni. Party na atanga i haw dawnin a buatsaihtute lawmthu hrilh hmaih lo la, nuam i tih thu leh an buatsaih leh hun i nghakhlel a ni tih hriattir ang che. Hetiang anga hawihhawm leh inhawng taka i awm anih chuan i bula awm a lo nuam ang a, puipun nikhuaah pawh hmaih loh zingah i lo tel tawh zawk ang.
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Zofa te pawh hna thawk ngawr ngawr lovin intihhlimna hun inpek pawh kan thiam ve tawh hle a, a bikin thalai te phei chuan kan uar tawh hle niin a lang. Heng hunah tak hian tan la duh tan chuan tan lakna hun tha a ni a, intuai hnum dan kawng thenkhatte i han thlir ho teh ang.
I inchei hmain thawk han la phawt mai la, rilru zangkhai tak nei chungin inchei tan ang che. I hmai i chei dawn anih chuan i sam hnunglamah tawn vek phawt la, tichuan i duh ang tawkin i hmai i chei thei ang. I sam pawh fai taka suin a huh laiin i duh angin dimtein set la, a ro hunah pawh a nalh phah sawt ang. I kut tin ngun takin en la, i nail polish hnawih a khem em? A khem anih chuan tifai vek la, hnawih lehna hun i nei lo anih pawhin hnawih lo khan kalpui mai zawk ang che. Nail polish hnawih ve lem si, khem nian nuan hi chu tlangval te mit tikham tu pakhat a tling ve ania. Tin hnawih reng reng hi inbual hmain tifai vek la, inbualnaah brush ila, a fai duh bik a ni. Tin, nail polish hnawih thin tena kan hriat reng tur chu karkhatah vawikhat tal tihfaina hun inpek hi a ni. Tihfai hnu darkar 24 chhung tal hnawih lovin awm sela, hetih chhung hian boruak tha a hip ve thei dawn a ni. Tifai lova rei tak dah reng chu tinin a hua a, a hnuah a eng a, tin var neih leh a har em em a ni.
I haw tlaia zan lam chhuah leh nghal i duh anih chuan i mit cheina kha tireh lo mai la, tlem hnawih belh leh mai rawh. I hman hram chuan i mit cheina tih loh chu oil emaw cleansing milk in tifai la, i hmui hmaih suh ang che. Hmai mawm lutuk tur ven nan powder inhnawihin lipstick lar lam inhnawih ang che. Party na hmunah chuan hmel tharlam put hi a nuam a, tharlam tak ni aiI inhriat chuan i lang tharlam bawk ang. Inchei hi inbual fai hnu hian a nuam bik a, taksa a fai chuan rilru pawh a harh bik nge nge thin. Inbual zawha i inhruk hul velah body lotion inhnawih nghal la, body spray i hmang thin anih chuan lotion i inhnawih zawhah inhnawih leh nghal la, a rim a rei bik ang. Foundation hmang thin i nih pawhin chhah takin inhnawih lo hram ang che, tlem te hmangin face powder inhnawih leh zawk ang che. Powder hi a cake chi aiin a dip pangngai hi hnawih a rual duh a, a lang nalh zawk bawk. Powder i inhnawih hnuah chuan i biangah hnawihsen (blusher) sen lutuk lo leh lang natural thei ang ber hnawih ang che. Mascara hian mit meng a ti mawi danglam duh hle a, vawikhat i hnawih hnuah a la ro chiah lo tihin hnawih nawn leh ang che. Eyelash curler hmang thin i nih chuan mascara hman hmain i mit hmul chu chep er la, mascara hman hnua i mit i chep er anih chuan i mit hmul a tla nasa thei a ni.
I mit hnawih iuluk ang bawkin i hmui hnawih uluk ang che. Zan lamah hi chuan lipstick rawng lar hi a nalh ber a, sam tawn chung phei chuan hmui a langsarin a mawi duh bik bawk. Lipstick i inhnawih zawhin lip gloss hman theihnghilh suh ang che. Tichuan, i thawmhnaw duh ber kha han ha la, a fuh leh fuh lo lai inbih chiang ang che. Nalh taka inchei hi a pawimawh a, rilru leh taksa tan pawh a hrisel a ni. Mahse chu ai maha pawimawh chu ‘nungchang’ hi a ni a, nalh viau mah la i nungchangin a zir loh chuan i nalh famkim thei lo ang. Mi zinga i awmin i hawiher thlengin uluk la, mi biangbiak dan te pawh hi a inzir theih fu ania. Tawng tam lutuk lovin midang tawng ngaihthlak thiam zir bawk la, hmel ngui leh tum bur bula awm te hi thil nuam lo tak a ni a, hmel hlim put tum hram hram ang che. Nuih hi man nei lo mahse a hlu em em a, mite rilruah nasa takin hna a thawk thei a ni. A bikin hmeichhia te hi puipunnah kan titi tui thei hle a, midang chanchin sawi chang pawhin an chhiatna lam ni lovin an thatna hailang tu ni la, i bul ami te pawhin an rin mai bakah i bula awm nuam an lo ti zawk ang. Party na reng rengah kawr rawng lar ha la, mi zingah pawh i langsar ang. Mahse rawng lar i inhmeh lo anih chuan inbel duh lem suh, midang nalh pui hi kan lo nalhpui ve kher lo thei ania. Mize mak tak tak karah biak that deuha signal hmu sual te pawh an lo awm ve thei a, biak that tur then hran thiam hi a pawimawh hle a ni. Hmeichhia te hi chuan lipstick leh powder te han inhnawih that kan duh thin a, mi zinga kan awm lai anih chuan kan bula mi te hnenah tawngkam mawi takin tih tur i nei tih hrilh la, kalsan chauh ang che. Engmah sawi lem lo a i kalsan chuan ngaihdan an lo nei ve thei a ni. Puipunnaa biak chak zawng i hmu anih pawhin zak lo takin pawh mai lo la, i mitmei hmuh phawt la, chuta a melh dan che azirin biak dan tawk thiam ang che. A mitmei a hmuh lem lo che anih chuan biak kher tum lo la, a fel zawk ang.
Intihhlimnaah sawm i nih chuan thleng hma lutuk duh suh, ngaih pawimawh loh zingah i tel ang. Tan hun an bithliah atanga darkar 1 hnu velah han thleng la, mite lawm i hlawh zawk ang.Tin, intihhlimna reng rengah hian a tawp rat thlenga awm hi a tul ber kher lo a, midangin min la ngai pawimawh ani tih hriat laia inthiarfihlim hi mite rilru lakna tha ber pakhat a ni. Mahni chanchin sawi hi tupawhin nuam kan ti vek a, mahse i bul ami khan i inngaih pawimawh angin a ngai pawimawh kher lo che tih hria la, a sawi duh zawng te pawh ngaihthlak sak ang che. A tuina zawng te hriat han tum la, i tui ve kher lo anih pawhin han ngaithla la, chu chu thian tha siamna kawng tha tak a ni. Party na atanga i haw dawnin a buatsaihtute lawmthu hrilh hmaih lo la, nuam i tih thu leh an buatsaih leh hun i nghakhlel a ni tih hriattir ang che. Hetiang anga hawihhawm leh inhawng taka i awm anih chuan i bula awm a lo nuam ang a, puipun nikhuaah pawh hmaih loh zingah i lo tel tawh zawk ang.
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Nui lawks 32
J Pi Lali: Thiani, nangni in pain in inrim laia a thil sawite kha a lo dik hlawm reng em?
Pi Mali: Dik e...
Pi Lali: I va vannei ve, mi tam tak hi chuan an inrim laiin dawt an inhrilh nasa a, an inneih hnuah engmah an lo ni tak tak lo tih te an inhrechhuak a... nangni chu in vannei a nih chu...
Pi Mali: Vannei pawh ka lo inti hlei nem... "I tan ka tling lo..." a ti thin a, kan han innei a, a lo tling lo teh meuh mai a!
- 9862343408
J Tlangval pakhat hian hna a dil a, interview board a hmachhawn ve a:
Zawhna: Tunge i hming?
Chhanna: Lalsangzuala. 'Sangte' min ti kher r'u aw.
- 9612589095
J Chanchinbu chhuak thar pakhat kha an han hlawhtling khawp a, issue hmasa berah pawh 'letter to editor' an tlar thla tuar!
- 9436159317
J Dakpu hian loneitu pakhat hi lehkha a va pe a:
Dakpu: I lehkha rawn pe tur che hian km 4 zeta thui kein ka rawn kal vang vang mawle.
Loneitu: Engah nge dakah i rawn thawn mai loh?
- 9612062366
J Zawhna: Engatinge politician larte an thih hian midang aia thuka an thlan laihsak a tul bik?
Zawhna: Chhungril thuk takah chuan thatna ruk an nei ve tlat alawm.
- 9612698042
J Quiz-ah a tel ve a, quiz master-in a zawt ta a, "Chu pawh i hre nange? I va han thiam lo, i inchei ve chiam a, engmah hre mang si lo," tiin quiz master chu a lo chhang vel!
- 9862577575
J Thilsiam hrang hrang zingah ar hi a danglam hle; hnung lamah khup a nei a, hma lamah kaihza a nei daih!
- 9436140037
J Comedian Search-ah a tel ve a, 'Ram leh hnam humhalh' tih thupui hmangin sermon a thlak piap piap! Thlirtute an hrilhhai ngei mai!
- 9862375770
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Hmelchhe bon
Abraham Lincoln-a kha pa hmaifang tha a ni lo; a hmelchhiat thu hi a chanchinah chuan sawi hlawh ber pakhat a ni hial mai thei.
Pa hmelchhia, naupang tana hmel ngainatawm tak ni lo mah se naupang a ngaina em em a, han chhawnchhaih vel pawh a peih hle.
Tum khat pawh pa pakhat hian White House-ah a fanu naupang te mai hi president hmuhpui tumin a rawn hruai a, Lincoln-a chuan naupang chu a lo titipui melh melh mai. Chutah, naupangte chuan a pa hnenah, "Pa, a hmelchhia in ti a, a chhiat tawp loh hi, a tha ka ti lutuk," a ti ta leu leu mai a!
Amah Lincoln-a ngei pawh hi hmelah kher hi chuan a inchhuang lo hle a, fiamthua mahni han insawisak pawh a ching. A chanchin a sawi fo thin pakhat pawh hi a nuihzatthlak asin: "Ukil hna ka thawh lai khan ka zin kual fo thin a. Vawi khat chu khaw pakhatah pa pakhat, hmelchhe tak, ka hriat ngai hauh loh hian, 'Ka pu, i thil tur ka kawl tha reng asin,' min lo ti ringawt a. 'Engtia ka thil tur lo kawl ngawt nge i nih?,' tia ka'n zawh chuan a ipte atangin chemte a rawn phawrh a, 'He chemte hi kei aia hmelchhe zawk ka hmuh hunah ka pe ang, tiin ka lo intiam tawh a, ka tawng ta che a, tun atang chuan i ta a ni ta e,' min ti ta mauh a ni," tih hi!
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Pa hmelchhia, naupang tana hmel ngainatawm tak ni lo mah se naupang a ngaina em em a, han chhawnchhaih vel pawh a peih hle.
Tum khat pawh pa pakhat hian White House-ah a fanu naupang te mai hi president hmuhpui tumin a rawn hruai a, Lincoln-a chuan naupang chu a lo titipui melh melh mai. Chutah, naupangte chuan a pa hnenah, "Pa, a hmelchhia in ti a, a chhiat tawp loh hi, a tha ka ti lutuk," a ti ta leu leu mai a!
Amah Lincoln-a ngei pawh hi hmelah kher hi chuan a inchhuang lo hle a, fiamthua mahni han insawisak pawh a ching. A chanchin a sawi fo thin pakhat pawh hi a nuihzatthlak asin: "Ukil hna ka thawh lai khan ka zin kual fo thin a. Vawi khat chu khaw pakhatah pa pakhat, hmelchhe tak, ka hriat ngai hauh loh hian, 'Ka pu, i thil tur ka kawl tha reng asin,' min lo ti ringawt a. 'Engtia ka thil tur lo kawl ngawt nge i nih?,' tia ka'n zawh chuan a ipte atangin chemte a rawn phawrh a, 'He chemte hi kei aia hmelchhe zawk ka hmuh hunah ka pe ang, tiin ka lo intiam tawh a, ka tawng ta che a, tun atang chuan i ta a ni ta e,' min ti ta mauh a ni," tih hi!
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