Rorelnaa Hmeichhe Tana Seat Hauhsak

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India ram rorelna sang Lok Sabha leh State Legislative Assembly-a hmeichhiate tana seat hauhsakna chungchang hi tunlai India ramah chuan titi langsar ber pakhat a tling awm e. Rajya Sabha-in a pass hnuah phei chuan India rama hmeichhiate an lawm a, a bikin parliament-a hmeichhe member-te an lawm zual emaw tih tur a ni.

Women Reservation chungchang hi kum 14 vel kal ta atang khan India ram rorelna sang hian a lo buaipui tawh. Vawi engemaw zat House-ah putluh a ni tawh a, a tlang lo zel thung. September ni 12, 1996 khan khatih laia rorel pawl, United Front sorkar, prime minister HD Deve Gowda kaihhruai khan Lok Sabha-ah an lo pharh tawh a. Geeta Mukherjee kaihhruai (chairman) Joint Parliamentary Committee-in an ngaihtuah leh a, an report chu Lok Sabha-ah December ni 9, 1996 khan pharh leh a ni. A tlang ta lo a nih kha.

NDA sorkar, prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee-a kaihhruai khan hma an la leh a, khatih laia union law minister M Thambidurai chuan Lok Sabha-ah he Bill hi July ni 13, 1998 khan a pulut a ni. Mahse, hemi tum pawh hian a tlang zo ta chuang lo.

A kum lehah (1999) Lok Sabha 13-naah NDA sorkar chuan an pulut leh a, a tlang zo le ta chuang lo.

BJP kaihhruai sorkar (NDA) khan tihhlawhtlin ngei an tum a, khatih laia eptu party lian, Congress pawh khan putluh a nih chuan puih an tum thu an sawi reng bawk. Tichuan, 2003-ah tum hnih ngawt putluh leh a ni a, mahse chhan eng eng emaw avangin a tlang leh thei ta lo a ni.

2004-ah UPA sorkar chuan an Common Minimum Programme(CMP)-ah an telh leh a, BJP pawhin an thlawp thu an sawi nghal bawk. May ni 6, 2008 khan Raya Sabha-ah union law minister Hans Raj Bhardwaj khan a pulut a, mahse a tlang ta chuang lo. Tichuan, December 2009 khan Parliamentary Standing Committee on Law and Justice, and Personnel chuan he Bill hi chhawpchhuah leh ni se tiin an rel a, February ni 25, 2010 khan union cabinet pawhin a pawm ta a ni.

Hmeichhiate tana seat hauhsakna danin kum 14 chhung zet kawng bumboh tak a zawh hnuah UPA sorkar hian tihpuitlin a tum em avangin chak takin hma an la zel a. Tichuan, 8.3.2010 (Thawhtanni) khan Rajya Sabha-ah Union law minister Verrapa Moily chuan a pharh ta a ni.

Hun engemaw chen an sawiho hnuah 9.3.2010 (Thawhlehni) zan dar 6:43 khan Rajya Sabha chuan lungrual takin an pass ta.

Rajya Sabha-ah hian member 233 an awm a, vote lak lai hian member 187 an kal a, member 46 an kal lo. Bill thlawp zawngin member 186-in ban an phar a, member 1 chiah a duh lo lamah a phar.

Lok Sabha-ah he Bill hi putluha sawiho leh tur a ni a, he Bill hi eptu party lian- BJP leh Left party te'n an thlawp avangin Lok Sabha pawh hian an pass leh ngei a rinawm. Amaherawhchu, Lok Sabha member zingah he Bill duh lo lam hi an awm nual a, chu'ng zingah chuan Lalu Prasad Yadav te, Mulayam Singh Yadav te an tel.

Parliament Session hi March ni 15, 2010 atangin thla khat chhung an chawl dawn a, April ni 12 hnu lamah inkhawm chhunzawm leh a ni ang. Chumi hnu lamah chuan Lok Sabha-ah hian he Bill hi pharh a, sawiho chauh a ni ang. Finance Bill vote a nih hnuah chauh he Bill atan hian vote lak a ni ang.

Union Law Minister Verappa Moily chuan Lok Sabha hian he Bill hi lo pass pawh ni se, dan tesep neuh neuh pawm tur leh bawhzui tur a tam dawn a, hman tak tak tur chuan kum 2 vel emaw a la ngaih a rin thu a sawi. Amaherawhchu, 2014 Lok Sabha General Election-ah chuan hman theih ngei a nih a beisei.

Lok Sabha in an pawm hnuah president-in a hming a ziak ang a, chumi hnuah state hrang hrangte pawm turin thawnkual a ni leh ang. State zawng zawngin an pass kher a ngai lo a, State 28 zinga a chanve, state 14-in an pass chuan hman theih a ni ang.

He Bill hi kan State Assembly hian a pass a nih chuan Mizoramah hian Assembly Seat 40 kan neih zingah seat 13 chu hmeichhe tan hauh tur a ni dawn a, hmeichhe MLA 13 kan nei ngei ngei dawn tihna a ni, chu aia tam pawh. Party thenkhatin hmeichhe tha deuh an ngah chuan seat hauhsak lohah pawh an contest thei bawk.

Tuna kan chief minister bial Serchhip pawh hi hmeichhe tana reserved zingah a tel hlauh chuan bial dang a zawn a ngai dawn tihna a ni. A duh chuan a nupui a din tir daih thei bawk. Hetiang hi a nih dawn avangin political party tin te'n tun atanga hmeichhia an melh tan a ngai dawn a, hmeichhe langsar leh rintlakte chu an dawr ve tan a ngai ngei ang le. A che hmasa sa a ni mai.

Hmeichhiate tana seat hauh chungchang hi India ram hmun hrang hranga hmeichhe zingah lawm tak tak an awm laiin politician leh hmeichhia ngei zingah tul ti lem lo tam tak an awm bawk. Mipa nen ‘equal status’ neih an duh laia hmeichhe tana ‘hauh (reserved)’ neih hi an duh lo a ni. ‘Hmeichhe zinga a tling leh fel chu an tling tho, tunah pawh Lok Sabha ah pawh MP 59 an awm thei a ni’ tiin ngaihdan an nei a ni.

He Bill chungchanga kan hriat tur awm te han thurchhuak ila a tha awm e.

Women Reservation Bill hian eng nge a tum?
He Bill hian Lok Sabha leh State Assembly-a seat 33% hmeichhe tan hauh sak a tum.

Rajya Sabha-ah a ni ve ang em?
Ni dawn lo. Tin, state thenkhat bi-cameral legislature nei an awm a, chutah pawh chuan Legislative council-ah chuan a ni lo ang. A chhan chu, member-te hi mipui thlan ni lo, indirect-a thlan an nih vang a ni.

Bill hi pass ni ta se, Lok Sabha-ah seat engzat nge hmeichhe tan hauh a nih ang?
Seat 182, tunah hian Lok Sabha ah hian seat 545 a awm. Tin, State Assembly 28-a seat awm zawng zawng 4109 zinga 1370 (33%) te pawh hmeichhe tan hauhsak (reserved) a ni bawk ang.

Tunah hian Lok Sabha-ah hmeichhe member engzat nge awm?
59.

Seat hauhsak loh (non-reserved seat)-ah khan hmeichhia an in-contest ve thei tho em?
Thei e, seat 545-ah hian hmeichhia an in-contest thei vek. Amaherawhchu, mipa chu seat 363-ah chiah an in-contest thei dawn tihna a ni.

Hmeichhe tana seat hauhsakah hian sub-qouta a awm em?
Aw. Seat 182-ah hian seat 42 (22%) chu SC/ST hmeichhe tan a ni. Hei hi tuna Lok Sabha-a SC/ST tan 22% seat hauhsakna dan kha a ni. Hetiang chiah hian State Assembly-ah pawh a ni ang.

Hmeichhe tana reservation chhungah SC/ST hmeichhia te'n 22% vel quota an neih bawk a, a pum puia 22% SC/ST tan reserved a la ni bawk si a, SC/ST tan engzat vel nge reserved anga a ngaih theih ang?
A tlangpuiin 30% vel chu SC/ST tan reserved tihna a ni thei ang.

A nih leh seat engzat nge reserved a nih tak ang le?
Hmeichhe tan 33%, SC/ST tan 22%, a vaiin 55%. Tichuan seat awm zawng zawng atanga a chanve aia tam hret chu reserved seat tihna a ni.

A nih leh Lok Sabha leh State Assembly-a seat te chu engtin nge reserved a nih ang ?
A inchhawkin tih tur a ni (by rotation). Entirnan- 2013 inthlanah Aizawl West-I bial chu hmeichhe tan ruat (reserved) a nih chuan 2018-ah chuan a ni tawh lo ang.

A nih leh state thenkhat zingah Lok Sabha seat 3 aia tlem nei an tam si a?
Seat khat chauh an neih chuan, Bill pass a nih hnua general election hmasa berah hmeichhe tan hauh a ni ang a, chumi hnuah chuan vawi 3-ah vawi 1 zel hmeichhe tan hauh a ni tawh ang. (If it has just one seat, it will be reserved for women in the first general election after the bil’s passage, and then once every three elections). Chumi awmzia chu, tunah hian hian he Bill hi pass a nih chuan Lok Sabha General Election neih leh hmasa berah(2014) chuan Mizoram in hmeichhe MP kan nei dawn tihna a nih chu. A dawt leh atang chuan 2019, 2024, 2029 ah te hian khawi emaw ber hi Mizoramah chuan hmeichhe tan dah tur tihna a ni.

A nih leh khawvel ramdangah hetiang reservation nei hi an awm em?
Nepal (33%), Pakistan (22.5%), Bangladesh (12%), Argentina, Uganda, Eritrea leh Tanzania.

A nih leh Rajya Sabha-in pass ta se, engtin nge ni zel ang?
Rajya Sabha-in an pass chuan Lok Sabha-ah pass leh tur a ni a. Mahse engtik hunah nge tih a sawi theih loh. Lok Sabha hian ni 1 lek chhungin an pass thei a, kum 1 chhung pawh hun an duh theih a, a aia rei pawh a ni thei bawk. A sawi theih loh. Hun rei tak chhung pawh a awh thei. Tin, an pass lo thei bawk a, an pending thei bawk. Bill pawh 1996-ah khan tih tum a ni tawh a, kum 14 vel hnuah an ti leh chauh a nih hi. Tin. Lok Sabha hian a pass lo thei bawk. Lok Sabha-in an pass a nih chuan sorkarin hma a lak chak chuan hman theih tura peih thuai a ni thei bawk.

A nih leh he Bill hi hman ni ta se, engtia rei nge ni ang ?
He Bill hi pass a nih a, hman a nih chuan Act a ni tawh ang a, kum 15 chhung hman phawt a ni ang. Chumi hnuah chuan Parliament-in a extend leh thei ang.

2011 May-a MLA thlang tur West Bengal hian an hmang nghal thei ang em?
Central Notification hi chu Lok Sabha atan chauh a ni a, state-in an Assembly theuhvah an state chhungah hman turin an pass leh phawt a ngai. Bihar chief minister Nitish Kumar chuan tun tuma he Bill pass a nih a, hman nghal a nih chuan Bihar state chuan an pass ve nghal dawn thu leh 2010 October-a an state inthlanah an hman nghal tur thu a sawi.