NBFC Chungchanga Hriat Tur Pawimawhte

¢ Lalhmingmawia

Mizoramah hian bank hrang hrang leh NBFC hrang hrangte hian bu an rawn khuar tawh thin a, rei lo te-a bo leh ta mai pawh an awm. Mipuite hian Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) hi eng nge a nih kan hriat a pawimawh hle. NBFC kan tih te hi Bank nen an inang chiah lo a, an kalphung pawh a inang lo. NBFC-a pawisa dahte hi bank pangngaia pawisa dah ai chuan hlawk zawk deuh tura beisei a ni bawk.

NBFC te hian heng sumdawnnate- pawisa puk tir te, shares/ stock/ bonds/ debentures/securities lei leh hralh chhawn te; leasing te; hire-purchase te; insurance business te; Chit business te; sale/purchase/construction of immovable properties te hi an khawih thei tur a phalsak an ni. Tin, NBFC company, Residuary Non-Banking Company (RNBC) tih bik an awm leh bawk. An sumdawnna pui ber chu mipuite hnen atanga deposit lak leh pawisa puk tir a ni.

NBFC te hi Companies Act, 1956 hnuaia in-register an ni a, Section 45-IA of the RBI Act, 1934-in a phut angin Reserve Bank of India hnuaiah in-register ngei ngei a ngai. Tin, NBFC thenkhat, Venture Capital Fund/Merchant Banking companies/Stock broking company te SEBI hnuai a in-register leh Insurance Company, IRDA-in registration a pek te; Nidhi company, Section 620A of the Companies Act, 1956-a mi te; Chit company, Chit Funds Act, 1982, clause (b) of Section 2-a mite leh Housing Finance Company, National Housing Bank hnuaia awm te hi chu RBI hnuaia in-register kher hi a ngai lo thung.

RBI phalna nei NBFC hrang hrangte hi RBI website www.rbi.org.in hmuh theih a ni. Official Gazette-a notified bakah mipuite tana hriatturin Press Release te siam a ni thin.

NBFC sumdawnna ti tur hian mahni pawisa Net Own Fund Rs200 lakh neih a ngai. Terms and conditions zawng zawngte an tipuitling thei a ni chuan RBI hian phalna pein Registration Certificate hi a pe chauh thin.

NBFC te hi Demand Deposit kan tih mai, pawisa dah luh-a lakchhuah leh nghal zung zung ang chi hi phalsak an ni lo a, hun bi neia Deposit tur chauh hi dawn phal sak an ni. Payment and Settlement System hrang hrangah hian member an ni ve thei lo a, NEFT/RTGS an hmang tangkai duh a nih pawhin an account neihna bank te an tih tir zel a ngai. Cheque anmahni a pawisa lakchhuahna tur an issue thei lo bawk.

NBFC te hi RBI hian chi thumin an sumdawn dan a zirin a then hrang a - Asset Finance Company (AFC);
Investment Company (IC); Loan Company (LC) te an ni.

Heng category hrang hrang zingah hian mipui atanga pawisa deposit dawng thei leh thei lo company-te an la awm leh bawk a ni.

NBFC zawng zawng hian mipuite hnen atangin pawisa (deposit) an dawng thei vek lo. Mipui hnen atanga deposit dawng thei tur chuan RBI-ina Public Deposit dawng thei tura Certificate of Registration a pekte chauh hian mipuite hnen atangin an dawng thiang a ni. NBFC te hian mipui atanga pawisa an dawn theih zat tur hi an pawisa neih zat (Net Own Fund) te, liquid asset, capital reserve leh credit rating an neih dan te hian a hril thui hle a, anmahni duhthua duh zat zat an dawn ve ngawt erawh chu a danin a phal loh thil a ni.

NBFC te hian mipui hnen atanga deposit an dawn te hi a rei lo berah thla 12 tal chhung atan a ni tur a ni a, renew pawhin thla 12 aia rei lo hi renew phalsak an ni lovin, kum nga (thla 60) aia rei a dah pawh phal sak an ni lo. A hun hmaa lak chhuah duh pawhin thla 3 chhung phei chuan phal loh tawp a ni. Chumi awmzia chu thla thum chhung chu a lock-in-period tihna a ni. Amaherawhchu, thihna chungchang bikah chuan joint depositor te, nominee leh legal heir te remtihna erawh chuan thla thum hma pawha pek chhuah theih a ni.

NBFC te hian a pun dan rate RBI-in a fixed aia sanga a pung pek a phal lo a, tunah tak hian 12.50% aiin a sang tur a ni lo a, compound interest emawin thlat kar danah a pung hi a pe thei ang a, thla khat kar dan aia rei lo erawh chuan a pung hi pek phal a ni lo. Depositor te hnenah Gift emaw, incentive emaw, promotional thil reng reng hi NBFC te hian an siam phalsak an ni lo. NBFC thenkhat tih loh chu credit rating an neih ngei ngei a ngai bawk.

NBFC-a deposit te hi bank-a pawisa kan dah angin Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) hian insurance a pe ve lo a, a repayment chungchangah RBI hian engmah guarantee a pe lo. Chu vang chuan bank-a pawisa dah aiin a punna sang zawk mah se a risk a sang zawka ngaih a ni. NBFC te hian Public Deposit an dawn khawlsa hmang hian loan pek chhuah hi a phalsak an ni lo.

‘Deposit’ han tih ngawt hian a chiang tawk lo a, Section 45 I(bb) of the RBI Act, 1934 ‘deposit’ hrang hrangte sawifiah a ni. ‘Public Deposit’ bik hi Paragraph 2(1)(xii) of the Non-Banking Financial Companies Acceptance of Public Deposits (Reserve Bank) Directions, 1998 ah hian hrilhfiah a leh bawk a ni. Chiahpuam-a kan lo deposit ve ngawt ang chi te hi chu dan remtihna piah lam thil niin a lang.

Nomination chungchang bikah chuan NBFC te hi Section 45QB of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 hnuaia dan awm- Banking Companies (Nomination) Rules, 1985 hi hmang tura tih an ni.

NBFC bakah Residuary Non-Banking Company (RNBC) a awm. Hei pawh hi NBFC chi khat tho an ni ti ila hriatthiam a awlsam mai awm e. RNBC te pawh hi section 45-IA of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 (2 of 1934) hnuaia in-register vek an ni. A branch hawng tur ringawt pawh hian Net Own Fund (NOF) hi 50 crores zet a ngai. Mahse NBFC classification kan sawi takte bakah te - Investment Company emaw, Asset Financing Company emaw, Loan Company te ang ni lovin deposit hi dawn theih dan scheme emaw, arrangement emaw te an nei. Demand Deposit hi chu NBFC dang ang bawkin dawn phal sak an ni lova. Thla 12 atang a thla 84 thleng hi deposit hi an kawlsak thei a ni. Tin, renew chung chang ah pawh thla 12 aia tlem a tih phalsak an ni lova, thla 84 thlen chauh tih phal sak an ni bawk.

RNBC hi tih tawp lo ni dawn ta se an tih tawp ni tur hma ni 90 hma lamah tal national newspaper-ah leh tualchhung chanchinbuah te chhuah a ngai. RBI pawh hi notification pek a ngai.

Chapter III B of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934-in thuneihna a pek angin NBFC chungchangah hian Reserve Bank of India hi thuneitu pumhlum a ni. Dan pawn lama thil tih a awm loh nan te, dan bawhchhe lova NBFC te hian hma an sawi theihna turin inkaihhruaina fel tak a duang bawk. Heng dan hmangin NBFC te hi a enkawl a ni. NBFC, public deposit la theite inlei chhawn dan hi (acquisition and transfer of control), mahni thua thei inleisak mai theih a ni lo a, RBI-in a leitu tur te kha hetiang business hi kalpui thei tura an that tawk leh tawk loh a enchian phawt a ngai a hmasa a ni.

NBFC te hian Reserve Bank-ah hian a hnuai a mi statement leh report pawimawh hrang hrangte hi an pek luh a ngai a –

i. Audited Balance Sheet leh Profit & Loss Account te, Board of Directors report a copy te leh Auditor ten audit note an siam te hi pek kum tin a ngai a.

ii. Statutory Annual Return on deposit – NBS 1 hi a ni leh a.

iii. Depositor te pawisa an pe let leh thei ngei a ni tih Auditor te certified na te
leh a dang tam tak a la awm bawk a ni.

Kan hriat tur atana pawimawh deuh mai chu NBFC-a pawisa dah reng reng hi danin a phalna ang thlap a ti an ni a. Chuvang chuan NBFC-a pawisa invest hi dan kalh a nih loh avangin a pung tam zawk beisei avanga dah kan nih pawhin dan kan bawhchhe lo. Amaherawhchu, mipuite hian hetiang ngaihtuahna hi nei theuh ila tihsual a tlem zawk ngei ang.

i. NBFC a pawisa dahte hi security a awm ve lo.

ii. Deposit receipt an pe chhuak tur a ni a. Deposit receipt ah hian date of deposit te, a zat (amount) a figure leh thu in a awm bawk tur a ni a. Tin, chubakah rate of interest leh a lakchhuah hunte a awm vek bawk ang a, officer-in-charge in a sign ngei bawk tur a ni.

iii. RBI hian NBFC te hi a thuneihna hnuaia awm ni mahse an deposit dawn te hi guarantee engmah a pe lova. NBFC te’n a an company chung chang an sawi zawng zawng hi a dik lo palh a nih pawhin RBI hian mawhphurhna a la tel lo bawk a ni.

iv. NBFC Customer te rarsatna chingfel tur hian Ombudsman a awm ve lo.

NBFC te hian an pawisa dawn te hi a hun takah an pe chhuak thei lo a nih chuan Company Law Board (CLB) emaw, Consumer Forum emaw, court-ah emaw a thlen theih. CLB hian NBFC te hi order pein hetiang deposit te hi pechhuak turin thupek a pe thei. Keini hmarchhaka awm tan chuan CLB, Kokata-a mi khu a tul hunah kan bel thei ang.

A tawp berah chuan heng kan thil sawi hrang hrangte atang hian tunge mipui hnen atanga pawisa (public deposit) dawng thei a, harsatna lo awm ta se engtin nge i pawisa chu i hmuh let leh theih ang tih chu a ngaihtuah thiam theih mai awm e. Mimal emaw, pawl emaw, company emaw pawh nise RBI in Certificate of Registration, Section 45 IA of RBI Act, 1934 hmanga public deposit pawm thei tur a phalna a pek kher lohte chuan mipui hnen atangin pawisa (public deposit) an dawng thei lo tihna a nih chu.

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