Tuikuk leh Chakma te vannei dawn

¢ Lalhruaitluanga Chawngte

October ni 3-ah khan ZOFEST-2009 hmannaah art & culture minister chuan thu sawiin, Tuikuk leh hnam thenkhatte chu Mizoram mi dik tak an ni lo tih finfiahna lama tan la turin mithiamte a sawm a, historian-te leh ziakmite a sawm deuh bik nghe nghe.

Tripura-a refugee camp-a khawsa mek Tuikuk-ho chungchang sawiin minister chuan, Tuikuk-ho hi Mizoram mi dik tak an ni lo tih finfiahna lama tanlak tul a tih thu a sawi a, engemaw avanga Mizorama lo khawsa ve mai an nih thu te, a ram neitu an nih loh thu finfiah turin historian-te leh ziakmite a sawm a ni.

Mahse, thla khat pawh a liam hma, October ni 29-ah Mizoram Assembly House chuan The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 chu Mizoramah hman a nih ve theih nan a pawm a, he dan hi hnam dangte'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an chan theihna tur a ni thei.

Ramhnuai leh a chhehvela cheng Sheduled Tribe-te tana he dan hi siam a ni a, chenna mai ni lovin ramhnuai chhawr tangkai chungchang te pawh a huam. Chu'ng ramhnuaia cheng leh a chhawr tangkaitu Scheduled Tribe te hnen atang chuan chhiah lak a ni ang a, ram neitu nihna an nei zui ang. Scheduled Tribe te'n December ni 13, 2005 hmaa ram an lo hman/enkawl tawh chungah neihtu nihna an chang thei dawn a, December ni 13, 2005 hmain kum 75 (three generations) an lo awm tawh tur a ni, tih a ni. Chuti a nih chuan Mizorama ramhnuai engemaw zat hi Mizo ni lo, mahse, Scheduled Tribe ni si te'n an nei thei ang a, Tuikuk leh Chakma, Mizorama kum 75 lo cheng tawhte chuan ram an nei thei dawn tihna a ni.

The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hi December ni 18, 2006-ah India Parliament-in a pass a ni.

State thenkhat - Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Andra Pradesh, Orissa leh Goa te chu India constitution-in 'special provisions' pein, sakhaw thil, customary laws, land transfer leh thil thenkhatah thuneihna a pe a, chutiangah chuan Parliament dan siam sa pawh a hmang turin an state Assembly-in a pawm phawt a ngai a ni. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 pawh hi Parliament-in J&K tih loh India ram puma hman turin rel mah se land transfer chungchang a nih avangin Mizoramah chuan hmang turin Mizoram Assembly House-in a pawm ve phawt a ngai. October ni 29-ah social welfare minister PC Lalthanliana'n Budget Session-ah resolution a pulut a, House chuan a pawm ta a ni.

The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hian a tir phat atangin inhnialna a chawkchhuak nghal laih; a thenin an duh a, a thenin an duh lo. Parliament-in a buaipui tirh atangin India rama hetiang lam ngaihvente inhnialna thupui a ni nghal.

He dan hian thatna tam tak a nei a, that lohna tam tak pawh a nei niin a lang. Mimalin ram an neih phah dawn a, chu chu thil lawmawm a ni ngei ang. Ramngaw humhalh mawh kha khawtlang kutah a awm dawn avangin environmentalist-te chuan tha an ti bawk. He'ng thil pahnihte hi he dan-in thil tha a thlen tur ni-a ngaih langsar a ni. Mahse, Sheduled Tribe-te (forest people) te tiphel thei tura ngaih a ni. Sheduled Tribe engemaw zatin ram an neih phah ang a, a nei ve ta lote zawng chu ram nei lo, 'displaced people' an nih phah ang tih chu thlir dan pakhat a ni. Chuti a nih chuan forest people te chu an phel thuai ang a, chu chu thil pawi tak a ni ngei ang. NGO Delhi Forum-a an hotu pakhat Souparna Lahiri chuan, "He thil hian forest people te a tiphel thei ang," (This can create conflict among the forest people) tiin a sawi a, he dan chhawrtu leh chhiatpuitu an awm ang tih chu a rin dan, he dan a duh loh chhan a ni.

Jharkhand-a an NGO pakhat- Jungle Bachao Andolan hruaitu Sanjay Bosu Mullick pawhin a ngaihdan sawiin, "Thingtlangah a then hnenah ram neih theihna rights pein a then erawh an nawrchhuak ang maw?" a ti.

"Mi thenkhat, ram neih ve tak loh avanga chhuak tura tihte chu sorkarin an 'right to food' leh 'right to work' a chhuhsak dawn tihna a ni, " (The government will take away the right to food and work from people who will be asked to leave their habitat) a ti bawk.

Bengal activist Soumitra Ghosh chuan non-scheduled area-ah he dan-in awmzia a neih theih loh laia sheduled area-a kenkawh a ni tur chu thil buaithlak tak, Sheduled Tribe te hleih nei zunga siam theitu a ni tiin a sawi. He dan hi sheduled area-ah pawh Gram Sabha (khawtlang roreltu, thlantlin) chu a buaipuitu tur ber an nih avangin Gram Sabha awm lohna hmunah chuan thil buaithlak tak turah ngaih a ni bawk.

A thatna sawi tur tam tak a awm laiin a that lohna sawi tur pawh a tam hle a, chuvangin he dan hi engtianga tangkai nge a nih dawn tih chu hriatthiam a har hle. A thil nghawng tur lian tak pakhat chu loneih chungchangah a ni. Common property resources (vantlang intawm thil) te hi he dan hman hnuah engtia kalpui tur nge tih chu ngaihtuah ngai tak mai a ni a, shifting cultivation (Mizorama kan loneih dan hi) hi a tih zui zel theih ang em tih pawh ngaihtuahna tithuitu a ni thei. Shifting cultivation chu ramngaw tichereutu tiin khawvelin kalsan tul a ti a, mahse, Mizoram leh ram thenkhatah chuan vawiin thlengin shifting cultivation kalsanna tur loneitute tan a la awm lo. Mizoramah pawh sorkarin NLUP te, MIP te a'n buaipui sateh thin na a, loneitute'n shifting cultivation an bansan phahna tur khawp hlawhtlinna a la awm lo. Shifting cultivation tihna tur hmun awm lo se, mimal engemaw zatin ram nei duai duai si se, eng thil nge a nghawng tak ang? Chu mawlh chu he dan duh lotute auhla pakhat a ni.

Land record-na lama ram pachhe tak zingah he dan hi hman ni ta se eng nge a nghawng ang tih chu he dan duh lotute zawhna pawimawh dang pakhat a ni. Miin a duh duhin 'he'ng lai hi kan ram a ni' ti se, LSC te chu a thei tan neih mai harsa a ni si lo, patta ni se harsa lo bawk, tuin nge hnial thei ang? India ram hi land record lamah a hniam hle a, heti lama Mizoram pachhiatzia chu tlang hriat a ni. Chutiang ramah chuan forest people te'n 'hei hi ka pu atanga kan chhungkaw ram a ni' an han ti ang a, vantlang ram kan chan thung ang. Aizawl pa, ram neihna chang hre em emte hian 'ka ram a ni' tiin an han 'claim' ngei bawk ang a, mi tlem tein ram zau tak an neihna ram Mizoramah hian mi tlem te-te ram a zau belh phah daih thei bawk. Chu chuan eng nge a nghawng dawn tih hre saa a invenna tur nen lam hre sa te'n he dan hi an pawm a ni ngei ang.

He dan hi India ram tana siam a ni a, India rama Sheduled Tribe rethei tak tak, an awmna state-a chep taka awm, ram hman tur pawh nei lote tan chuan thil tha pawh a ni ang. Mizoram erawh a neitute zawng zawng Sheduled Tribe an nihna a ni a, chu ramah chuan Sheduled Tribe te an chep lo. Mahse, chu ramah chuan Scheduled Tribe thenkhat, an chep ti-a India-in a sawi thin hnam thenkhat- Chakma te, Tuikuk te an awm. Chu'ng mite lah chu a ram neitu Mizote chuan "a rammi an ni lo" an ti kumkhua a, politician te'n an party vote-tu atan an duh avangin an nih tur phak bakin an sang chak a ni deuh ber. India ram state thenkhata Scheduled Tribe rethei leh chep takte tana dan siam chu Mizo ni lo, Mizorama awm ve si Scheduled Tribe te chuan an han hmang ve dawn a ni a, tin, kan hotute'n an remti bawk a, i lo thlir teh ang u hmiang.

Engpawhnise, history chuan Mizoramin he dan a hman hun hi Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an neih tannaah a ngai ngei ang. He dan hman a nih rual rualin Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n ram an nei nghal sup sup kher lo mai thei, mahse, ram neitu nihna chanvo an neih vena tur a ni tlat.

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The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006

He dan hi September ni 9, 2008-a ngaihtuah turin chutih laia roreltu MNF te chuan House-ah an lo pulut tawh a, mahse, September ni 8-ah The Aizawl Post-in he dan chungchang hi an chhuah a, MZP te'n ni 8-ah hian hnukdawk turin MNF Legislature Party chu an ngen bawk. MNF Legislature Party chuan a tuka sawiho tura tih ni tawh mah se chawpchilh takin an hnukdawk ta a, hetih laia chief minister Zoramthanga chuan MZP hruaitute chu a nghawng tur thil an lo hriat avangin a fak nghe nghe. Thangtharte hi in lo fel hle mai, tiin a fak a ni.

September ni 8, 2009-ah The Aizawl Post chuan House-in The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 an ngaihtuah tur thu tiang hian a tarlang:

Aizawl, Sept. 8 : Naktukah hian Mizoram Legislative Assembly thutkhawm neih a ni dawn a, ruahman anga thil a kal a nih chuan Tuikuk leh Chakma te tan chuan he Autumn Session hi kumkhuaa hriatreng tlak a ni ngei ang.

Official Resolution pakhat putluh a ni dawn a, The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 chu Mizoramah hman a nih ve theih nan sorkarna chelhtu te'n House pawmna an dil dawn a ni. House-ah pawm a nih chuan Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n Mizoramah ram neitu nihna an nei thei dawn a ni.

Session lo awm turah hian bill leh private resolution te a lut dawn lo tih thu Assembly Secretariat atanga dawn a ni a, official resolution hi social welfare minister K Vanlalauva'n a pulut dawn nia hriat a ni.

The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 hi December ni 18, 2006-ah khan India Parliament chuan a pass a, mahse, India Constitution-in 'Special Provision' a pek - Mizoram leh state thenkhatah chuan he dan hmang tur hian mahni state Assembly House-a pawm phawt a ngai thung. Chu chu tun tum session-ah hian House-in a ngaihtuah dawn a ni.

Ramhnuai leh a chhehvela cheng Sheduled Tribe te tana he dan hi siam a ni a, chenna mai ni lovin ramhnuai chhawr tangkai chungchang te pawh a huam. Chung ramhnuaia cheng leh a chhawr tangkaitu Scheduled Tribe te hnen atang chuan chhiah lak a ni ang a, ram neitu nihna an nei zui ang.

Scheduled Tribe te'n December ni 13, 2005 hmaa ram an lo hman/enkawl tawh chungah neihtu nihna an chang thei dawn a, chuti a nih chuan Mizorama ramhnuai engemaw zat hi Mizo ni lo, mahse, Scheduled Tribe ni si te'n an nei thei ang. Tripura lama raltlan mek Tuikuk te paw'n an chhuahsan hnu ram kha a neitu nihna an rawn nei leh thlap thei dawn tihna a ni!

MZP president C Lalhmachhuana chuan he dan hi Mizoramah hman an duh loh thu sawiin, "Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n kan ram min chhuhsak theihna tur a ni a, chuvangin MZP chuan he dan hi hman kan duh lo bur. A ram mi pawh ni lo, foreign leh hmun dang atanga rawn pemlut an ni a, kan hnawtchhuak hlei thei tawh lo pawh a mangan thlak nak a laia, ram neitu nihna an han chang tur hi kan remti lo," a ti.

"He dan hrechiang tan chuan Mizorama hman ve hi duh chi-ah kan ngai lo a, politics-a Tuikuk leh Chakma te vote hui tumnaa hman kan remti lo bawk. Kan political party te pawh kan ngen duh; mahni party hamthatna tur ngaihtuah lovin, Tuikuk leh Chakma te'n min vote ang em tih te ngaihtuah lovin Mizo tana tha chauh ngaihtuah chungin he dan chungchang hi rel rawh se," a ti bawk.

MLA hlui, advocate Lalsawta chuan "Mizo ni lo te'n Mizoramah ram an neih theihna tur" tiin he dan chungchang a sawi.

Fimkhur tul a tih thu sawiin, "A awmziaah chuan kan ramah Tuikuk leh Chakma, Scheduled Tribe zawng zawng te'n ram neitu nihna an chang dawn tihna a ni a, chu chu kam remti tak zet em? Kan hnam tan a tha em? House hian thutlukna dik lo a siam a nih chuan tun hnu zelah pawh beih an nuam khawp ang," a ti bawk.

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