Mizo Nationalism siamtu

¢ Malsawmliana

Ram leh hnam hmangaihna rilru (nationalism)siamtu leh awm tirtu hi khawvel a hnam hrang hrangte zingah a inang vek thei lova, an ram/hnam thil tawn a zirin a dang lam thei a ni. India ramah chuan British hovin min awp a, an thuhnuaia kan awm tak atangin India mite zingah anmahni ho huatna a lo intuh tan a. Chu chuan mahni ram leh hnam humhalh duhna rilru a siam a, nationalism a lo intuh tan ta thin a ni.

Nationalism hi eng tik lai atang khan nge mihringte rilru ah lo intuh tih chu sawi harsa ni mahse, a tawngkam( i.e.nationalism) tih hrim hrim hi chu a la rei lo hle niin a hriat a. GP Gooch chuan ‘nationalism hi French Revolution(1789) in a hrin chhuah a ni e( it is a child of French Revolution)’ a ti a. Kum zabi 18-na tawp lam atang a rawn lar chho a ni awm e. Amaherawh chu, hnam hmangaihna rilru(nationalism) tih hian ram hrang hrangah a awmzia leh a thil tum te a danglam thei a, hnam thenkhat heng Irish hote, Greek hote ram leh hnam hmangaihnain a tum ber chu mahni a ro inrel(self rule) a ni a, chumi tihlawhtling tur chuan ram dang awp behna ata tal chhuah hi an tum ber a ni. Europe ho awpbeh ram Asia te, Africa te leh America ah te chuan ram leh hnam hmangaihna rilru in a tum ber chu, European ho awp behna hnuai atang a tal chhuah a, an ram atanga hnawhchhuah a ni. India mite chuan English ho awpbehna hnuai atanga talchhuah a, tuma awpna hnuai a awmloh a, ram zalen nih hi kan nationalism in a tum ber chu a ni bawk a. Hetih hunlai (kum zabi 19-na tawp lam) hi India mite zinga ram leh hnam hmangaihna rilru tak tak lo pianchhuah hun a ni bawk.

Mizote rilru ah nationalism hi engtikah nge a lo intuh tan ? Khawvel a hnam hrang hrangte kan thlir chuan, mahni hnam bik te te a kan awm lai leh hnam dangin min tih buai loh lai chuan kan ram hi humhalh a tulna chhan a awm in kan hre lo vek a. Rilru hahdam tak leh muang takin a awm theih. Amaherawh chu, hnam hrang hrangte kan intlawh pawh chinah chuan mahni ram/hnam humhalh duhna leh inchimbuai duhlohna rilru a lo awm a, tichuan ram leh hnam hmangaihna rilru(nationalism) chu a lo piang chhuak ta thin a ni. Kan pi leh pute pawh kha an chhehvela hnamdangte nena an intlawh pawh hma kha chuan mahni ram chinah lungmuang takin an awm mai a. Mahse kum 1800 chho velah an chhehvel a hnam dang(Vai) te an han run chho tan a, chuta tang chuan hnam rilru an lo pu tan chauh a ni, ti ila kan sawi sual awm lo ve.

A nih eng nge kan nationalism in a tum(goal) ber chu ni ta ang ? Hemi chungchangah hi chuan ngaihdan hrang tam tak a awm thei awm e. Tun hma lam kha chuan kan ram hi tumahin min awp lova, kan Lalte bak tu thuhnuaiah mah kan awm lo. Mahse Saphovin min han awp bet a, chumi hnuah India Sawrkar hnuaia kan han awm tak hnuah khan mahni a ro inrel hran a, independent state nih kha kan thupui a ni chho ta a. Chumi bawhzui chuan kum 1966 atangin Independent pawh kan sual ta reng a nih kha. Kha tih hunlaia Mizo nationalism in a tum ber chu zalenna (independent) a ni a, mahse tunah chuan he rilru(zalenna) hi chu kan paih ta deuh niin lang a. A chhan chu, India ram bung pakhatah kan awm tawh a, bei chiam mah ila a sawt tawh lo tih kan hria a. Hei vang hian Mizote rilruah awm hran duhna rilru hi a lian vak tawh lo niin a lang. Tunah erawh chuan Mizo nationalism in a tum ber ni ta a lang chu ‘hnam dangin min chim nasa tawh a, kan ram leh hnam hi a boral mai loh nan leh chimrala kan awm loh nana inven hi a ni.’
Mizote rilru a ram leh hnam hmangaihna rilru tuh tu ni a lang te a tlangpui a han tarlan kan tum dawn a. Hetah hian a chhan tam tak a awm thei ang a, heng a chhan ni a kan tarlan te hi mi tam tak chuan kan pawm in kan pawm lo mai thei bawk a. Engpawh ni se, ngaihtuahna ti zautu a tan pawh a tha e.

a) Vai run leh vailian-
Mizoten kan chheh vel a hnam dang awmte kan pawh tanna leh run kan chin tan hun hi kum 1800 chho vel kha a ni awm e. Khua leh khua indo mai bakah ram pawn lam te thleng pawhin an hma thla zel a. Kan chhehvel, a bikin Silchar(Hringchar an tih thin) lam te chu vawi tam tak an zu run thin a, mi lu te an hawn teuh teuh thin a ni. Kum 1871 a Mary Winchester(Zoluti) an zu man atang khan vai/sap hovin an rawn hma cho ve tan a, a kum leh (1872) a Zoluti an rawn lak let hnu phei kha chuan kumtin mai hian Mizoram hi an rawn lut a, zokhua tam tak an hal a, an bei ve ta thin a ni. Hetiang a hnamdangte nena indo a, in run thin a nih tak ah hian a hma a khaw inhal leh lo in hmelmak tawh te kha loh theih lohva tanrual a lo ngai ta a, Vailian chu a huhova lo do let a ngai ta a ni. Heng atang daih tawh hian vai/sap ho huatna leh hnawk tihna rilru chu Mizo te ah a lo intuh tan tawh a, zawi zawiin a lo kui tiak chho ta zel a ni.

b) Vai huatna/sap huatna(anti-foreigner sentiment)
A chunga thupuiah hian tarlan tel awm tak a ni na in a hranin han sawi ta ila. Kum 1890 a British hovin Mizoram an rawn awp tak hnuah chuan Mizote chungah an duh duhin an tal kual vel ta a. Kum 300 chuang dawn thuneihna lo chang tawh Mizo Lal te chuan chutia an chunga roreltu an han awm ta mai chu an ngaithei ta der lo a. sapho te chuan an zinna apiangah an thuamhnaw phur turin Kuli an phut a, chu chu khaw tinin an pek a ngai a. Chu bakah Lalte chuan Sawrkarah chhiah chi hrang hrang an pek a lo ngai ta bawk a, Lal te thuneihna chu an pawisa lo hle ani. Chuvangin Mizo lal te chuan British ho chu hnawk an ti a, thenkhat te phei chuan an lakah luhlul te pawh an chhuah hial a ni. Lalnu Ropuiliani phei chuan British ho a huat avang leh a ram a hmangaih avangin a nunna a chan hial a nih kha. Hetianga sapho leh an thuihruaite Mizo khua leh an lalte chunga an chetna hian Mizote rilruah hnam rilru a tuh a, hnamdang(vai/sap) ho huatna leh ngaitheihlohna (anti-foreigner feeling) a puttir ta a ni.

c) Mizo sipai a lut te atangin
Kum 1913-4 chho vel atangin Mizo tlangval tam tak sipai ah an lut a. Indopui 1-na(1914 -1919) ah phei kha chuan, British hovin min awp lai kha a ni bawk a, British leh a thurualpui te tanpui turin Mizo tlangval 2000 rual zet chu France ramah Lushai Labour Corp hmingin an kal a nih nghe nghe kha. Indopui 2-na (1939-1945) ah pawh khan India sipai ah kan mizo tlangval tam tak an lut bawk a, indona ah nasa takin an bei a, Mizo sipai engemaw zatin huaisen leh hnathawk tha lawmman an dawng nghe nghe a ni. Heng kan Mizo tlangval, sipaia lut te hi ram leh hnam tana nunna chan pawh huama inpe an nih avangin an huaisen em em a, ram tan engpawh an cho a ni. Ram tan a nun hlan(martyr) te chu an ngaisangin an zah em em a, India Sawrkar pawhin a zahin a ngaisang em em bawk a ni. A nihna takah chuan sipai a luh hi ram leh hnam hmangaihna(nationalism) rilru, a tak tak a a lo lanchhuahna a ni awm e. Heng kan Mizo, sipai a tang te hian nasa takin Mizo te rilruah ‘nationalism’ rilru an tuh a ni.

d) MNF Movement(1966-1986)
Kum 1965 a din, Mizo National Front(MNF) chuan India ram atanga inla chhuak a, mahni a ro inrel (independent) a awm an thlang a. March 1, 1966 atangin chu Independent chu an sual ta a nih kha. Kum 20 chhung teh meuh India Sawrkar nen indovin mi tam takin nunna an chan phah a. Mahse, kum 20 chhung vel an beih hnu pawhin Independent hmuh chu thil harsa a nih avangin June 30, 1986 khan India Sawrkar nen Inremna(peace accord) chu an ziak ta zawk a ni. Tichuan Independence aiah Mizoram chu India ram a state 25-na ah ziahluh a ni ta zawk a ni. He mi hun hi ‘ram buai’ ti a hriat a ni a, he movement ah hian Mizo tlangval tam takte chu MNF Volunteer ah inpe in ‘Pathian leh kan ram tan’ tih chu auhla(slogan) a hmangin India Sawrkar chu an bei a. Hemi kawngah hian Mizo mipui tam takten MNF ho thil tum chu thlawp vek lo mahse, a nawlpui chuan an rilru in an tan deuh thum niin a lang. Hei hi a chhan ni a lang chu, politics ni mahse hnam thil anga kal pui a ni a, Mizo zawng zawng chuan MNF chu tan vek tur ngaihna a awm vang a ni. He movement hian Mizo te rilru ah hnam chhanna leh hmangaihna rilru a tuh nasa hle a, a tak taka Mizo nationalism rawn lan tanna hun a ni pawh kan ti thei awm e. A hma lama tarlan tawh angin hetih hun lai a Mizo nationalism in a tum ber chu ‘India Sawrkara a tanga in lakchhuah a, tu thu hnuai mah a awm lova, independent state’ nih kha a ni.

e) Thu leh hla hnathawh
Thu leh hla(literature) in hnam rilru putna kawnga a thawhhlawk zia leh mi rilru a kaithawh theih zia te, thu leh hla thiltih theihzia te chu kan hre vek awm e. Rabindranath Tagore leh midang ten an thuziak leh hla hmanga India mite rilru an chawh thawh zia te pawh kan hria. Mizo te zingah chuan kum 1930-60 chho vel kha hnam hmangaihna leh hnam hla kan tih ang chi, lo chhuah hun a ni awm e. Entirnan kum 1939-a Kaphleia hla phuah,
“Zoram! Ka ram!
Lu chhum ban chhum huama, kan pipute sah zau
.......Mahni a ding turin,.... chakna finna min zuk pe la
Pathian leh kan ram tan lo nise...”
tih te, Rokunga hla,
‘I ram leh hnam tan ding nghet la,
Thih thleng pawhin rinawm zel la,
Tho la, i ke in ding rawh’.
“Harh la, harh la, Zoram, i tlai ang e
..harh ru..aw hnam huaisen te u
hma lam pan zel ula,..thinlung tihuai rawh u..
kan hnam puanzar kan zar ve ang”


tih te leh hla tha tak tak, Mizote rilru chawk tho thei a piang nasa em em a. An ni bakah hian Vankhama, Liandala, Thanga, Laltanpuia leh midangte pawhin hnam hla tha tak tak an phuah bawk a. Thuziak lamah pawh hetiang lam hawi thu ziak tam tak kan nei bawk a, sawi sen a ni lo. Heng thu ziak leh hla tha tak tak te hian Mizote rilru ah hnam hmangaihna leh thahnem ngaihna rilru a tuh a, mahni hnam veina chang kan lo hriat phah a, heng thuziak tha tak tak atangte hian hnam dang hovin engtin nge an ram leh hnam humhim tura an lo beih thin tih te pawh kan hriat phah bawk a ni.

Tin, heng bakah hian tunhnai a Mizo nationalism rawn chawk tho tu hlawm lian deuh thenkhat te han tarlang leh ila.

a) Kan chhehvel a hnamdang - Chakma, Tuikuk etc. te nen a harsatna awm thin te avangin :
Mizo te zinga hnam rilru siamtu/ put tirtu leh chawktho tu chu kan chheh vel a hnamdang awm ho - Chakma, Tuikuk(Bru), vai etc. te nena kan inkara harsatna lo awm thin hi a ni. Kan hriat theuh angin kan ramah hnamdang a bikin vai ho phalna neilova an lo luh hnem tawh zia te kan hria a. Chhim lamah phei chuan Chakma hovin mahni a ro inrelna(autonomous district council) te hial an nei tawh a, Bru(Tuikuk) te pawh hian neih tumin an bei ve reng bawk a. Vai ho lah chu sawi ngai lovin an hnawk zia kan hria. Chakma leh Bru hel pawl thenkhatten Mizo te chunga kut an thlak nasat zia leh an kut kan tawrh nasat zia chu sawi ngai lo a lum a ni. Hetianga kan chhehvel a hnam dangte nen a tualthu chhiat chang kan neih hian Mizo zawng zawngte chuan anmahni huatna rilru kan nei nghal vek zel a. A hran pa a inhrilh ngai lovin kan tangrual nghal thap zel mai a nih hi. A tawi zawngin sawi ila, kan chhehvel a hnam dangte nen kan inkar a harsatna lo awm thin hian mizote zingah tanrualna leh in unauna a siam a, chu chuan Mizo hnam rilru tana thahnemngaihna a siam thin.

b) Hnamdang kara awmte atangin :
Mizoram pawn leh hnamdang kara Mizo awmte atangin nasa takin ram leh hnam hmangaihna hi lo piang chhuak thei bawk a. A bikin zirlaite leh hnathawk a awm te karah a ni zual. Tunah chuan Mizote hi India ram leh khawvel hmun hrang hrangah kan awm darh ve tawh a, hnam dangte nen pawh kan in chenchilh nasa tawh hle a ni. Hetianga mi hnam kara kan awm hian kan inunau-an a zual a, tanrual a awl thin. Hnam nena kan inkara harsatna a lo awm hian Mizo zawng zawngte tanrualna rilru a siam a, hnam vei lem lo leh hetiang lam ngaihsak lem lote pawh hian hnam rilru an put phah thin.

c) Tlawmngai pawl YMA, MZP etc. hnathawh Mizorama tlawmngai pawl YMA, MZP etc. te hi hnam rilru putna kawngah hian an thawk hlawk hle a ni. YMA chuan kum 1998 - 2002 chhung kha ‘Ram leh Hnam Humhalh Kum’ ah a puang a, hemi chhung hian Mizo mipuite zingah ram leh hnam humhalh a tul zia te, hemi lama kan harh thar a ngaih thu te an tlangau pui thin a. Kawng hrang hrang - eizawnna, politics, sakhua, khawtlang nun leh kawng dangah te hmasawn kan ngaih zia te tarlangin chanchinbu leh thil dang hmang te in inzirtirna an thin a nih kha. Tin, MZP te pawhin tunah chuan hnam thil(issue) lian tak tak an khawih chho ve ta zel a, phalna nei lova kan rama rawn lut hnam dang leh ram dang mi te hnawhchhuahna kawngah hma an la nasa a, a tul angin Sarwkar an pui thin bawk a. Heng bakah hian hnam humhalhna kawngah a tak takin hna an thawk thin a ni. Heng YMA, MZP te hmalakna avang hian Mizo mipui te pawhin ram leh hnam veina rilru kan put phah a, kan ram dinhmun pawh kan hriatchian phah hle a ni ti ila a sual awm lo ve.

Heng bakah pawh hian sawi belh tur tam tak a awm thei awm e. Mizo Nationalism hian eng nge a tum(goal) tih atang ringawt pawhin a awm tirtu (causes) hi chu a dang thei ang. Entirnan, kum 1966 bawr chho vela Mizo nationalism in a tum ber kha chu ‘India lak atanga Independence’ kha a ni mai thei a, mahse tunah chuan kha independence duhna a bo tak tial tial avangin tuna kan nationalism goal ber ni ta chu ram leh hnam humhalh a ni ta ber a. Chuvangin a tum a zirin a awm tirtu hi a dang lam thei mai thei.