RBI Pawimawhna Leh A Hnathawh Dan Kalphung

¢ Lalhmingmawia

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) hi kan hre theuh awm e. Amaherawhchu, a hnathawh dan leh a pawimawhna tak ngaihtuah thleng erawh kan tam loh hmel viau niin a lang. Tunlai kan chanchinbuahte bank lem tih te a chhuak nasain kan sawi nasa hle mai a. A lan danah chuan 'bank' ti-a kan sawi mai tam tak hi chu bank ni chiah lovin, NBFC emaw, Chit Fund emaw, Nidhi lam emaw a ang hle. Kan hriatthiam theih zawngin bank lem ti te pawhin kan sawi mai a ni ang e.

Nidhi company te hi RBI-a in-register kher a ngai lo a, Companies Act, 1956-a, Section 620A hnuaia in-register-in Central Government-in a notify a ngai a. Chit company thung erawh hi chu Chit Funds Act, 1982 hian a regulate. Heng company chi hnihte hi chu RBI hian licence a pek an ngai ve lo. Banking company leh Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) te hi chu RBI-in licence a pek ngei ngei a ngai thung. India rama bank hrang hrangte hi RBI hnuaia awm niin, India sorkar hian RBI kaltlangin a thuneihna a lekkawh a. Banking Regulation Act, 1949 leh Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 dan hmanga enkawl an ni.

Reserve Bank of India hi April ni 1, 1935-a din a ni a. Central Office hi Kolkata-ah a awm thin. 1937 khan Bombay-ah sawn a ni ta a ni. Central Government ta niin a capital zawng zawng pawh hi a ni vek.

RBI hian Central Board of Directors a nei a. A hotu lu ber chu Governor a ni a, Deputy Governor hi pali aia tam lo neiin Director eng emaw zat an awm leh a. Central Board bakah hian Local Board hi Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi leh Chennai-ah a nei leh a. He'ng bakah hian Regional Office hi hmun 22-ah a nei a. Mizoram tana hnai ber chu Guwahati-a mi khu a ni. RBI hi Central Board of Directors te kaihhruaina hnuaia hnathawkin Central Government thupek ang chu a zawm zel a ngai a. Reserve Bank hnathawh leh mawhphurhna hlawm lian deuh deuh chu hetiang hian a sawi theih awm e -

Monetary Authority
Moneytary policy hi duangchhuakin a tihhlawhtlin chu a tum ber pakhat a ni a. A kalsual lohna turin a thlir zui reng bawk. Chu bakah economy than theihna atan sumdawng mi leh mipuite pawisa puk tur tam zawk a awm theih dan tur chu a ngaihtuah ber pakhat a ni. Rate of Interest te a lo danglam zung zung lohva, price stability a awm theihna turin hma a la reng bawk a ni. Sum leh pai dik lo taka miin an kal kual tir vel turte an veng tlat bawk.

Mahni duh thu-a pawisa dik lo taka tihkual vel ven nan Anti-Money Laundering Act chu a tul hunah a lekkawh thin a ni. Chiahpuam ang chi te kha a phal reng reng loh thil a ni.

Regulator and supervisor of the financial system, India rama banking leh financial system hi a enkawl niin bank te tih tur leh tih loh tur a siamsak a. Bank-a pawisa dahtute pawisa humhimsak leh mipuite’n an dah duhna tur a hmalak chu a hna ber a ni bawk. Mipuite’n awlsam taka banking service an hman theihna dan tur chu a tum ber pakhat a ni. Tin, chu bakah bank leh NBFC te license pek chungchangah thuneihna sang tak neiin RBI atanga license nei lo chuan Bank leh NBFC hi mahni duhthu a lo siam ve ngawt theih a ni lova. Hetianga pawisa dah pawh hi dan pawn lam thil a ni bawk.

Issuer of currency
RBI hna pakhat chu pawisa siam leh a hman tlak lohte tihchhiat hi a ni. Mipuite hnena pawisa leng vel a awm reng theihna tur chu a mawhphurhna pakhat a ni bawk. Pawisa ti-a kan sawi mai, bank note-a (legal tender) Governor signature kan hmuh fo hi RBI Governor signature hi a ni a. RBI hian bank note hi Rs.2 chin chunglam hi a siam a, a hnuai lam erawh hi chu Ministry of Finance, Government of India in a issue a ni thung.

Manager of Foreign Exchange
India ram pawn atanga chhuak tur leh lut tur pawisa (Foreign Exchange) enkawl hi a hna pakhat a ni a. Chumi enkawl nan chuan Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 dan hi a lekkawh thin.

Ram dangte nen a in sumdawn tawnna leh payment chung chang te leh ram chhunga foreign exchange market chu a enkawl a ni. Tin, heng bakah hian India sorkar economic policy tihlawhtling turin a policy hrang hrangte a herrem thin a. India ram economy lo than zelna atan hian Reserve Bank hian mawh a phur lian hle a ni.

Reserve Bank hi sorkar pawisa vawngtu tiin a sawi theih awm e. Central Government leh state sorkar te hian RBI awmna hmunah chuan RBI-a account nei vek tur an ni a. RBI awm lohna hmunah chuan SBI hi RBI angin a function thung. Chu bakah chuan Reserve Bank-ah hian schedule bank zawng zawng hian accounts an nei vek a. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) leh Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) te chu an dah a ngai a. CRR leh SLR te hian mipuite hnena loan an pek chhuah theih zat tur te a hril a ni.

Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 hian RBI hnathawh dan bik a thlur bing a. Banking Regulation Act, 1949 hi chuan Financial Sector te a enkawl a ni. A awmziaah chuan RBI hian amah chauhin thunneihna pumhlum a nei lo a, amaherawhchu, Banking Regulation Act, 1949 in a thunneihna a pek angin bank chungchangah chuan thunneihna pumhlum a nei tihna a nih zawk chu.

Banking Regulation Act in a sawi ang chuan bank chu- puk chhawn tir leh tur atan emaw, investment atana emawa mipui hnen atanga pawisa dawngtu tiin a hrilhfiah a. A hmasa berah chuan Companies Act hnuaia in-register phawt a ngai a. Chu bakah chuan banking business ti tur chuan Banking Regulation Act leh Reserve Bank of India Act hian a phuarin a khuahkhirh thung a ni. Banking Company, license a pekte hi chuan a company hmingah hian ‘Bank’ tih a hman tel ngei ngei a ngai a. Banking company ni lote chuan an hmingah bank tih hman tel a khap tlat bawk a ni.

Tin, Bank kan han tih ngawt hian RBI Act leh Banking Regulation Act te chauh hian a control lo a. Banking company din tur chuan Companies Act, 1956 te; Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1970/1980 te; Bankers' Books Evidence Act te; Banking Secrecy Act te leh Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 hi a kaihhnawih tel vek avangin hengte hi lak hran theih a ni lo.

Ministry of Corporate Affairs hnuaia in-register hian banking business hi phalna a pe lo a. RBI-in phalna a hranpaa a pek loh chuan banking business lo tih ve hi dan bawhchhiatna a ni tihna a nih chu.

Hemi bakah hian Cooperative Bank te hi han sawi kai lawk ila. Cooperative Bank te hi chu cooperative society, banking business ti an ni mai a. Anni hi chu an awmna state Cooperative Societies Act hnuaia in-register an ni a. Society hi tih tawp emaw a nih dawn pawhin Registrar of Cooperative Societies te hian thuneihna sang tak an nei a ni.

An awmna state pawn lamah chuan branch neih a rem lo a. State dangah te branch hawn an duh a nih chuan Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act hi hman a ngai dawn a. State Government ni lovin Central Government-in registrar a appoint hnuaiah in-register a ngai thung a ni. Tin, cooperative bank te hi State Cooperative Societies Act hnuaia awm ni mah sela Banking Regulation Act, 1949 hian 1965 atang khan Reserve Bank thuneihna hnuaiah a dah tel a ni.

Banking business tih theihna turin Reserve Bank hian license a pe a, a banking operation chu a rawn control bawk a ni. Chumi awmziaah chuan Cooperative Bank te chu State Cooperative Societies Act hnuai a awm ni mah se Reserve Bank-in a control tel bawk tihna a nih chu. Mizoramah chuan Mizoram Cooperative Apex Bank te leh MUCO Bank kan tih te hi hetiang bank kan neihte chu an ni mai awm e.

Tin, cooperative bank hi tihtawp a tul a nih pawhin Registrar of Cooperative Socieities hian thunneihna tawp nei mah se Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act hnuaia in-register a nih chuan RBI thu lo chuan tih tawp theih a ni lo.

Heng kan sawi tlangpui atang hian bank chungchangah chuan Reserve Bank hian thuneihna a nei thuk hle tih kan hrethiam mai awm e. Chiahpuam te leh bank lem ti-a kan sawi thinte hi eng nge a nih tih hrechiang hmasa lova duham vanga bawh huk kan chin chhung hi chuan tihsual hi chu a awm fo ang a, danin a phal loh chu kan Bible pawhin a phal lo ang e ti chunga ngaihtuahna kan hman chuan kan ramah hian dik lo taka mi pawisa laksak tumtute hi an rawn ngampa hauh lo ang. Mipuite i fimkhur ang u.

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