Hmasawnna Him Leh Him Lo

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Tun hnai lawkah chief minister-in Sairang thlenga rel thlentir chungchang a sawi a, hemi chungchang veitute zingah inhnialna a chawkchhuak nghal a nih hi. Tunhma pawhin Mizoram chhung ril zawka rel kawng siam chungchang hi sawilan a ni fo tawh a, railway budget-ah pawh tarlan a lo ni tawh. Mahse, a taka hmalakna mumal hmuh tur a la awm meuh loh avangin mipui titi a tling lo mai zawk niin a lang.

Rel kawng siam chungchang chik zawka ngaihtuahtute kara inhnialna a awm mek lai hian zau zawka ngaihtuahna kan sen a pawimawh khawp mai. Hmasawnna thlen thei tur thil lo dodal thin hi a fuh em? Hnam himna hi thupui berah kan neih ziah a, chu chuan min titim mah mah lo maw? A lehlamah chuan hmasawnna thlen thei tur thil chi hrang hrang dawngsawng tur hian kan hnam hi a inpeih tawh chiah em? He'ng zawhnate hi ngaihtuahna fim tak nena chhan chi a ni.

Hmasawnna man hi a sang a, awlsam taka lo thleng mai thei a ni lo. Thuneitute kutah thui tak a awm laiin mipui pawhin tih tur an nei. Mipui mil tur tawka kal thiam a pawimawh a, ram hruaituten ngaihtuahna thui tak an neih ngei a tul bawk. Ram hmasawnna hian mipui nawlpui a hrut tel tur a ni a, chutih rualin hnam a him tur a ni bawk.

Indopui Pahnihna zawh hnu khan Asia khawmualpui leh Africa khawmualpuiah khawthlang ramte'n an awpbehna lak atanga talchhuak, sorkar thar a lo piang sup sup a. Hun rei tak chhung mingohoin an awp tawh leh Indopuiin a chhut zawi vekte an nih hlawm avangin he'ng ramte hian a tir te atangin harsatna lian tak tak an hmachhawn nghal a ni.
Chutihlai chuan khawthlang lama mithiam (development economist) thenkhatin mahnia inrelbawl thar ram rethei tak takte tan hian ngaihtuahna an seng nasa hle a. Ram retheite dinchhuahna tur chungchang sawina atan 'Development' tih hi an hmang lar a, ruahmanna (development model/theory) chi hrang hrang pawh an siam tam viau a ni.

Hun a lo kal zel a, rei lo teah chu'ng ram hrang hrangte dinhmun chu a inthlau ta hle mai a. Policy nei tha leh hruaitu nei tha apiang an dingchhuak a, khawthlang ramte el pha khawpin an thang chak a. Chutihlaiin, hruaitu nei tha lo, sorkar inrelbawlna fuh si lo leh policy mumal nei bawk si lote than erawh a thu a, an tlachhe tial tial mai a ni.

Tunlai huna ram hmasawnna (economic development) chungchanga mithiamte inlungrualna ber pakhat chu a bulthutah sorkar inrelbawlna tha (good governance) a awm tur a ni tih hi a ni. Ram hausa zawkten tanpuina an pek dawn pawhin Good governance hi an ngai pawimawh hmasa thin. Sorkar tha loah chuan sum leh paiin mi retheite hnen a thleng pha lo a, corruption a hluar a, dan bawhchhiatna pung a, ram hmasawnnain mipui a thlawhkhum thin.

Ram hmasawnna chungchangah hian kan hruaitute pawh hi an inbihchian a ngai hle a, mipui sukthlek zawng te, kan hnam dinhmun te leh a hlawkna kan tel ruala a man kan pek turte thlengin ngaihtuah lawk a ngai. Chumi a zira dim tea kal thiam a pawimawh a, kawng thenkhatah chuan chak taka kal pawh a tul tho bawk ang.

Kum 1987 khan Brundtland Commission (World Commission on Environment and Development) chuan ram hmasawnna chungchangah ngaihdan thar a puangchhuak a. Chu chu 'Sustainable development' tih a ni a, Mizo tawng chuan 'Hmasawnna tlo' tiin a sawi theih awm e.

Sustainable development tih hian a kawh ber chu, tuna kan mamawh thil kan buaipui hian nakin thangthar zelte harsatna a thlen tur a ni lo, tih hi a ni. Hmalam hun thlir tel miah lo, tuna hmasawnna min thlen thei tur apiang 'a tha alawm' tia kalpui ngawt zel chi a ni lo tih chu mithiamte thurolum a ni ta.

Sustainable development thlirna hian a tum ber chu environment humhalhna rilru pu chunga hmasawnna hnathawh a ni. Mahse, chu bakah chuan nakin thlenga mipui nawlpui him theihna tur hmasawnna tlo siam hi a tum bulpui zawk chu a ni. Chutiang zawnga thlirna chang chu keini pawh hian kan hriat a hun hle a, rei lo tea kan hnam tana pawi thei tur leh vaihoin min chimral theihna tur zawng hian hma kan lo la palh ang tih a hlauhawm hle a ni.

Mi thenkhat chuan 'Mizote hi kan dawihzep lutuk a, chimral te hi kan hlau leh lutuk a. Hlauh kan ngah chhung chuan hnam dangte rualin hma kan sawn ve thei lo ang,' an ti thin. Mahse, hlauh nei nazawng hi mi dawihzep an ni vek lo. Fimkhur vanga tim thin te, mahni inhriat chian vanga hlauh neih thinte hian leilunga Mizo hnam a din reng theihna tur an ngaihtuah chiang zawk mai thei.

Ram hmasawnna chungchangah hian tuna kan hnam dinhmun tak hi nakin hun hril thei a nih avangin a pawimawh khawp mai. |hangtharte zingah ram vei tam tak an awm a, mahse hnama chiang tak tak an ni vek kher lo. Mi tam tak chuan tunlai taka kan ram dinhmun hi an vei tawk a, a chhe lai siamthata, chak taka hmasawn hi an ngaihtuah ber a ni. Hnam chungchanga an ngaihdan pawh a zau huau a, hnam dang nena inchenpawlh huphurh miah lo leh inneih pawlh thleng pawha pawiti lem lo an awm bawk. Mahse, tuna hmasawnna hian nakinah tahna leh rumna min thlen thei tih ngaihtuah thin eng zat tak awm ang maw?

Kum 1993-a 'State of the World' report-in a tarlan dan chuan khawvel pumah hian hnam tenau (indigenous cultures) 4000 atanga 5000 inkar an awm a, chu'ngte chu a lu nungin maktaduai 300 chuang zet an tling. He'ng hnamte hi nunphung leh ze hran nei, pi leh pu atanga hnamzia tam tak la vawngnungte an ni a, hnam lian zawkte kara khawsa an nih bakah anmahni aia chak leh ropui zawkte'n an awp mek avangin ral thei dinhmunah an ding mek a, nekchep an hlawh a, humhim an ngai a ni tih hriain UN chuan kum 1993 atang khan 'The International Year for the World Indigenous Peoples' a puang nghe nghe a ni.

India ramah pawh hian chutiang hnam tenau chu mi maktaduai 50 chuang awmin chu'ng zingah chuan Mizote pawh hi kan tel a ni. Hnam lian zawkte kara awm kan nih avang hian kan inhung thiam a ngai hle a, dan hmanga kan inhumhalh thiam a pawimawh rualin kan hnam himna atan hian keimahni hian mawh kan phur lian hle tih pawh hriat a tha awm e.

Hmasawnna hnathawh (development project) chi hrang hrang avangin khawvel hmun hrang hranga khawsa hnam tenauten an tuar nasa hle a. Anmahni awptu sorkarin tim miah lova hma a lak thin avangin chhantu nei loin mangang takin an tiavai a, chimral hlauhthawnawmin an ding thin. Chutiang chu kan la tawng ve lo ang tih sawi thiam a har khawp mai.

Ram hmasawnna tih hming hrim hrim hi kan tuipui hle a, a hming a rik tawh chuan kan lo 'Amen' dual zel ni pawhin a lang. Mahse, hmasawnna hmingpu nazawng hian kan beisei ram min hruai thleng dawn lo a, hmasawnna tluantling a ni vek lo. Kan sawilar em em Look East Policy pawh hi India ram tana policy tha tak ni mah se tuna kan ram dinhmun atanga thlir chuan (Mizoten) kan lo hlawkpuina tur a van hmel khawp mai. A awm a nih pawhin a beitham viau mai thei a ni. Hetia a lan danah hi chuan a hlawkna awm tura an sawite hian min thlawh khum ang a, Mizoram leh hmarchhak biala mite hi chu an sumdawnna kalkawng (corridor) chauh kan nih hmel riau a ni. A policy hi a hlawhtlin viau phei chuan hnam dang nen kan inpawlhsawp viau thei lehnghal a, chu chuan harsatna min thlen zawk mai thei.

History-a kan hmuh dan chuan a tlangpuiin ram hmasawnna hi a tahtawla lo thleng a ni. Ei leh bara intodelh hi a hmasa fo thin a, chumi hnuah industry leh sumdawnna lama hmasawnnain a zui thin. Chutiang diak diak chuan ram hrang hrangah a thleng dik vek kher lo na a, a tlangpuia hmasawnna thlen dan erawh a ni. Heti zawng hian sawi ta ila, ei leh bara phang lo khawpa (food security) kan awm phawt loh chuan a ropui theih tak tak loh. Hmasawnna hmingpu thil tam tak pawh han ti mah ila kan dinhmun chu a derthawng reng tho ang.

Economics subject peng pakhat - welfare economics-ah chuan mipui intluktlanna lam ngaih pawimawh a ni. Hmasawnna te, changkanna te hian mi zawng zawng a huap tur a ni a, mi thenkhat an hausak thur thur laia thenkhat an rethei tial tial a nih chuan harsatna namen lo a thleng thei a ni. India chhulchhuaka economist ropui ber, kum 1998-a Nobel Prize (in Economics Science) dawngtu Bengali pachal Amartya Sen kha welfare economist a ni. Hman atanga vawiin thlenga a ngaih pawimawh chu retheite dinhmun chawikan leh mihring intluktlanna hi a ni.

Mi rethei leh hnuaihnung zawkte'n an chanvo an chang lo thin a, an chanai chhuhsak an ni zawk thin hi a vei hle. Dinhmun derthawng taka ding mekten an chanai tur dik tak an chan theih nan sorkar pawh hi a inrawlh tur a ni, tiin a sawi thin. Mipui nawlpui thleng phak lo tur hmasawnna hmingpu sorkar project lian tak takte avang hian tute emaw chuan an chanai an hloh thei a, chu chuan rethei sate tan retheih lehzualna a thlen thei a ni. Kan ngaihtuah ngun a ngai khawp mai.

Ram hmasawnna atana pawimawh ber pakhat chu hmasawnna thil eng pawh dawngsawng zo tura hnam pum lo inbuatsaih lawk phawt hi a ni. Kan hnam zia han thlir vang vang hian siamthat ngai te, chin thar ngai te, inzirtir ngai te, hriat belh tur te a la tam khawp mai. Chutiang thoin kan ram hruaitute pawhin zir tur te, sim tur te, hriat belh tur te an la ngah khawp mai.

Pawnlam lang thei thila ropuina te, hmuh theih thil langsar tak takte hi hmasawnna a ni tak tak lo a. Ram hmasawnna chuan mipui nawlpui dinhmun a chawikang ngei ngei tur a ni zawk.

Thil hlauhawm ta chu hmasawnna kan buaipui mah mah ang a, kan hmanhmawh lutukna lamah hian kalsan kan nei thluah ang a, hmasawnna kebai, mi thiamten 'crippled development' an tih ang lek hi kan nei mai ang tih a hlauhawm. Chuvangin, uluk taka ngaihtuah a, kan hnam himna tur ngei, mipui dinhmun chawikang thei tur chi hmasawnna chauh hi kan thlan tur chu ni thei hram teh se.